Natural

yttrium Yttrium is a chemical element with the symbol Y and atomic number 39. It is a silvery-metallic transition metal chemically similar to the lanthanides and has often been classified as a "rare-earth element". Yttrium is almost always found in com ...

(₃₉Y) is composed of a single

isotope Isotopes are two or more types of atoms that have the same atomic number (number of protons in their nuclei) and position in the periodic table (and hence belong to the same chemical element), and that differ in nucleon numbers (mass numbers) ...

yttrium-89. The most stable

radioisotope A radionuclide (radioactive nuclide, radioisotope or radioactive isotope) is a nuclide that has excess nuclear energy, making it unstable. This excess energy can be used in one of three ways: emitted from the nucleus as gamma radiation; transferr ...

s are ⁸⁸Y, which has a

half-life Half-life (symbol ) is the time required for a quantity (of substance) to reduce to half of its initial value. The term is commonly used in nuclear physics to describe how quickly unstable atoms undergo radioactive decay or how long stable ato ...

of 106.6 days and ⁹¹Y with a half-life of 58.51 days. All the other isotopes have half-lives of less than a day, except ⁸⁷Y, which has a half-life of 79.8 hours, and ⁹⁰Y, with 64 hours. The dominant

decay mode Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay, radioactivity, radioactive disintegration, or nuclear disintegration) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by radiation. A material containing unstable nuclei is consid ...

below the stable ⁸⁹Y is

electron capture Electron capture (K-electron capture, also K-capture, or L-electron capture, L-capture) is a process in which the proton-rich nucleus of an electrically neutral atom absorbs an inner atomic electron, usually from the K or L electron shells. Thi ...

and the dominant mode after it is

beta emission In nuclear physics, beta decay (β-decay) is a type of radioactive decay in which a beta particle (fast energetic electron or positron) is emitted from an atomic nucleus, transforming the original nuclide to an isobar of that nuclide. For exam ...

. Thirty-five unstable isotopes have been characterized. ⁹⁰Y exists in equilibrium with its

parent isotope In nuclear science, the decay chain refers to a series of radioactive decays of different radioactive decay products as a sequential series of transformations. It is also known as a "radioactive cascade". Most radioisotopes do not decay direc ...

strontium Strontium is the chemical element with the symbol Sr and atomic number 38. An alkaline earth metal, strontium is a soft silver-white yellowish metallic element that is highly chemically reactive. The metal forms a dark oxide layer when it is ex ...

-90, which is a product of

nuclear fission Nuclear fission is a reaction in which the nucleus of an atom splits into two or more smaller nuclei. The fission process often produces gamma photons, and releases a very large amount of energy even by the energetic standards of radio ...

List of isotopes

, - , ⁷⁶Y , style="text-align:right" , 39 , style="text-align:right" , 37 , 75.95845(54)# , 500# ns 170 ns, , , , , - , rowspan=2, ⁷⁷Y , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 39 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 38 , rowspan=2, 76.94965(7)# , rowspan=2, 63(17) ms , p (>99.9%) , ⁷⁶Sr , rowspan=2, 5/2+# , rowspan=2, , - , β⁺ (<.1%) , ⁷⁷Sr , - , ⁷⁸Y , style="text-align:right" , 39 , style="text-align:right" , 39 , 77.94361(43)# , 54(5) ms , β⁺ , ⁷⁸Sr , (0+) , , - , style="text-indent:1em" , ^78mY , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 0(500)# keV , 5.8(5) s , , , 5+# , , - , rowspan=2, ⁷⁹Y , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 39 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 40 , rowspan=2, 78.93735(48) , rowspan=2, 14.8(6) s , β⁺ (>99.9%) , ⁷⁹Sr , rowspan=2, (5/2+)# , rowspan=2, , - , β⁺, p (<.1%) , ⁷⁸Rb , - , ⁸⁰Y , style="text-align:right" , 39 , style="text-align:right" , 41 , 79.93428(19) , 30.1(5) s , β⁺ , ⁸⁰Sr , 4− , , - , style="text-indent:1em" , ^80m1Y , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 228.5(1) keV , 4.8(3) s , , , (1−) , , - , style="text-indent:1em" , ^80m2Y , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 312.6(9) keV , 4.7(3) µs , , , (2+) , , - , ⁸¹Y , style="text-align:right" , 39 , style="text-align:right" , 42 , 80.92913(7) , 70.4(10) s , β⁺ , ⁸¹Sr , (5/2+) , , - , ⁸²Y , style="text-align:right" , 39 , style="text-align:right" , 43 , 81.92679(11) , 8.30(20) s , β⁺ , ⁸²Sr , 1+ , , - , style="text-indent:1em" , ^82m1Y , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 402.63(14) keV , 268(25) ns , , , 4− , , - , style="text-indent:1em" , ^82m2Y , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 507.50(13) keV , 147(7) ns , , , 6+ , , - , ⁸³Y , style="text-align:right" , 39 , style="text-align:right" , 44 , 82.92235(5) , 7.08(6) min , β⁺ , ⁸³Sr , 9/2+ , , - , rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" , ^83mY , rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 61.98(11) keV , rowspan=2, 2.85(2) min , β⁺ (60%) , ⁸³Sr , rowspan=2, (3/2−) , rowspan=2, , - , IT (40%) , ⁸³Y , - , ⁸⁴Y , style="text-align:right" , 39 , style="text-align:right" , 45 , 83.92039(10) , 39.5(8) min , β⁺ , ⁸⁴Sr , 1+ , , - , style="text-indent:1em" , ^84mY , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , −80(190) keV , 4.6(2) s , β⁺ , ⁸⁴Sr , (5−) , , - , ⁸⁵Y , style="text-align:right" , 39 , style="text-align:right" , 46 , 84.916433(20) , 2.68(5) h , β⁺ , ⁸⁵Sr , (1/2)− , , - , rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" , ^85m1Y , rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 19.8(5) keV , rowspan=2, 4.86(13) h , β⁺ (99.998%) , ⁸⁵Sr , rowspan=2, 9/2+ , rowspan=2, , - , IT (.002%) , ⁸⁵Y , - , style="text-indent:1em" , ^85m2Y , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 266.30(20) keV , 178(6) ns , , , 5/2− , , - , ⁸⁶Y , style="text-align:right" , 39 , style="text-align:right" , 47 , 85.914886(15) , 14.74(2) h , β⁺ , ⁸⁶Sr , 4− , , - , rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" , ^86m1Y , rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 218.30(20) keV , rowspan=2, 48(1) min , IT (99.31%) , ⁸⁶Y , rowspan=2, (8+) , rowspan=2, , - , β⁺ (.69%) , ⁸⁶Sr , - , style="text-indent:1em" , ^86m2Y , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 302.2(5) keV , 125(6) ns , , , (7−) , , - , ⁸⁷Y , style="text-align:right" , 39 , style="text-align:right" , 48 , 86.9108757(17) , 79.8(3) h , β⁺ , ⁸⁷Sr , 1/2− , , - , rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" , ^87mY , rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 380.82(7) keV , rowspan=2, 13.37(3) h , IT (98.43%) , ⁸⁷Y , rowspan=2, 9/2+ , rowspan=2, , - , β⁺ (1.56%) , ⁸⁷Sr , - , ⁸⁸Y , style="text-align:right" , 39 , style="text-align:right" , 49 , 87.9095011(20) , 106.616(13) d , β⁺ , ⁸⁸Sr , 4− , , - , style="text-indent:1em" , ^88m1Y , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 674.55(4) keV , 13.9(2) ms , IT , ⁸⁸Y , (8)+ , , - , style="text-indent:1em" , ^88m2Y , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 392.86(9) keV , 300(3) µs , , , 1+ , , - , ⁸⁹Y

Fission product Nuclear fission products are the atomic fragments left after a large atomic nucleus undergoes nuclear fission. Typically, a large nucleus like that of uranium fissions by splitting into two smaller nuclei, along with a few neutrons, the release ...

, style="text-align:right" , 39 , style="text-align:right" , 50 , 88.9058483(27) , colspan=3 align=center, Stable , 1/2− , 1.0000 , - , style="text-indent:1em" , ^89mY , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 908.97(3) keV , 15.663(5) s , IT , ⁸⁹Y , 9/2+ , , - , ⁹⁰Y , style="text-align:right" , 39 , style="text-align:right" , 51 , 89.9071519(27) , 64.053(20) h , β⁻ , ⁹⁰Zr , 2− , , - , rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" , ^90mY , rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 681.67(10) keV , rowspan=2, 3.19(6) h , IT (99.99%) , ⁹⁰Y , rowspan=2, 7+ , rowspan=2, , - , β⁻ (.0018%) , ⁹⁰Zr , - , ⁹¹Y , style="text-align:right" , 39 , style="text-align:right" , 52 , 90.907305(3) , 58.51(6) d , β⁻ , ⁹¹Zr , 1/2− , , - , rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" , ^91mY , rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 555.58(5) keV , rowspan=2, 49.71(4) min , IT (98.5%) , ⁹¹Y , rowspan=2, 9/2+ , rowspan=2, , - , β⁻ (1.5%) , ⁹¹Zr , - , ⁹²Y , style="text-align:right" , 39 , style="text-align:right" , 53 , 91.908949(10) , 3.54(1) h , β⁻ , ⁹²Zr , 2− , , - , ⁹³Y , style="text-align:right" , 39 , style="text-align:right" , 54 , 92.909583(11) , 10.18(8) h , β⁻ , ⁹³Zr , 1/2− , , - , style="text-indent:1em" , ^93mY , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 758.719(21) keV , 820(40) ms , IT , ⁹³Y , 7/2+ , , - , ⁹⁴Y , style="text-align:right" , 39 , style="text-align:right" , 55 , 93.911595(8) , 18.7(1) min , β⁻ , ⁹⁴Zr , 2− , , - , ⁹⁵Y , style="text-align:right" , 39 , style="text-align:right" , 56 , 94.912821(8) , 10.3(1) min , β⁻ , ⁹⁵Zr , 1/2− , , - , ⁹⁶Y , style="text-align:right" , 39 , style="text-align:right" , 57 , 95.915891(25) , 5.34(5) s , β⁻ , ''⁹⁶Zr'' , 0− , , - , style="text-indent:1em" , ^96mY , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 1140(30) keV , 9.6(2) s , β⁻ , ''⁹⁶Zr'' , (8)+ , , - , rowspan=2, ⁹⁷Y , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 39 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 58 , rowspan=2, 96.918134(13) , rowspan=2, 3.75(3) s , β⁻ (99.942%) , ⁹⁷Zr , rowspan=2, (1/2−) , rowspan=2, , - , β⁻, n (.058%) , ''⁹⁶Zr'' , - , rowspan=3 style="text-indent:1em" , ^97m1Y , rowspan=3 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 667.51(23) keV , rowspan=3, 1.17(3) s , β⁻ (99.3%) , ⁹⁷Zr , rowspan=3, (9/2)+ , rowspan=3, , - , IT (.7%) , ⁹⁷Y , - , β⁻, n (.08%) , ''⁹⁶Zr'' , - , style="text-indent:1em" , ^97m2Y , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 3523.3(4) keV , 142(8) ms , , , (27/2−) , , - , rowspan=2, ⁹⁸Y , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 39 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 59 , rowspan=2, 97.922203(26) , rowspan=2, 0.548(2) s , β⁻ (99.669%) , ⁹⁸Zr , rowspan=2, (0)− , rowspan=2, , - , β⁻, n (.331%) , ⁹⁷Zr , - , style="text-indent:1em" , ^98m1Y , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 170.74(6) keV , 620(80) ns , , , (2)− , , - , rowspan=3 style="text-indent:1em" , ^98m2Y , rowspan=3 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 410(30) keV , rowspan=3, 2.0(2) s , β⁻ (86.6%) , ⁹⁸Zr , rowspan=3, (5+,4−) , rowspan=3, , - , IT (10%) , ⁹⁸Y , - , β⁻, n (3.4%) , ⁹⁷Zr , - , style="text-indent:1em" , ^98m3Y , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 496.19(15) keV , 7.6(4) µs , , , (2−) , , - , style="text-indent:1em" , ^98m4Y , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 1181.1(4) keV , 0.83(10) µs , , , (8−) , , - , rowspan=2, ⁹⁹Y , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 39 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 60 , rowspan=2, 98.924636(26) , rowspan=2, 1.470(7) s , β⁻ (98.1%) , ⁹⁹Zr , rowspan=2, (5/2+) , rowspan=2, , - , β⁻, n (1.9%) , ⁹⁸Zr , - , style="text-indent:1em" , ^99mY , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 2141.65(19) keV , 8.6(8) µs , , , (17/2+) , , - , rowspan=2, ¹⁰⁰Y , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 39 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 61 , rowspan=2, 99.92776(8) , rowspan=2, 735(7) ms , β⁻ (98.98%) , ¹⁰⁰Zr , rowspan=2, 1−,2− , rowspan=2, , - , β⁻, n (1.02%) , ⁹⁹Zr , - , style="text-indent:1em" , ^100mY , colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 200(200)# keV , 940(30) ms , β⁻ , ¹⁰⁰Zr , (3,4,5)(+#) , , - , rowspan=2, ¹⁰¹Y , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 39 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 62 , rowspan=2, 100.93031(10) , rowspan=2, 426(20) ms , β⁻ (98.06%) , ¹⁰¹Zr , rowspan=2, (5/2+) , rowspan=2, , - , β⁻, n (1.94%) , ¹⁰⁰Zr , - , rowspan=2, ¹⁰²Y , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 39 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 63 , rowspan=2, 101.93356(9) , rowspan=2, 0.30(1) s , β⁻ (95.1%) , ¹⁰²Zr , rowspan=2, , rowspan=2, , - , β⁻, n (4.9%) , ¹⁰¹Zr , - , rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" , ^102mY , rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" , 200(200)# keV , rowspan=2, 360(40) ms , β⁻ (94%) , ¹⁰²Zr , rowspan=2, high , rowspan=2, , - , β⁻, n (6%) , ¹⁰¹Zr , - , rowspan=2, ¹⁰³Y , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 39 , rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" , 64 , rowspan=2, 102.93673(32)# , rowspan=2, 224(19) ms , β⁻ (91.7%) , ¹⁰³Zr , rowspan=2, 5/2+# , rowspan=2, , - , β⁻, n (8.3%) , ¹⁰²Zr , - , ¹⁰⁴Y , style="text-align:right" , 39 , style="text-align:right" , 65 , 103.94105(43)# , 180(60) ms , β⁻ , ¹⁰⁴Zr , , , - , ¹⁰⁵Y , style="text-align:right" , 39 , style="text-align:right" , 66 , 104.94487(54)# , 60# ms 300 ns, β⁻ , ¹⁰⁵Zr , 5/2+# , , - , ¹⁰⁶Y , style="text-align:right" , 39 , style="text-align:right" , 67 , 105.94979(75)# , 50# ms 300 ns, β⁻ , ¹⁰⁶Zr , , , - , ¹⁰⁷Y , style="text-align:right" , 39 , style="text-align:right" , 68 , 106.95414(54)# , 30# ms 300 ns, , , 5/2+# , , - , ¹⁰⁸Y , style="text-align:right" , 39 , style="text-align:right" , 69 , 107.95948(86)# , 20# ms 300 ns, , , , , - , ¹⁰⁹Y , style="text-align:right" , 39 , style="text-align:right" , 70 , , , , , , , - , ¹¹⁰Y , style="text-align:right" , 39 , style="text-align:right" , 71 , , , , , , - , ¹¹¹Y , style="text-align:right" , 39 , style="text-align:right" , 72 , , , , , ,

References

* Isotope masses from: ** * Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from: ** ** * Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources. ** ** ** ** {{Navbox element isotopes Yttrium

Yttrium Yttrium is a chemical element with the symbol Y and atomic number 39. It is a silvery-metallic transition metal chemically similar to the lanthanides and has often been classified as a "rare-earth element". Yttrium is almost always found in com ...