Yevgeniy Ivanovich Chazov (russian: Евгений Иванович Чазов; 10 June 1929 – 12 November 2021) was a
physician
A physician (American English), medical practitioner (Commonwealth English), medical doctor, or simply doctor, is a health professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring health through th ...
of the
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...
and Russia, specializing in
cardiology
Cardiology () is a branch of medicine that deals with disorders of the heart and the cardiovascular system. The field includes medical diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart defects, coronary artery disease, heart failure, valvular heart d ...
, Chief of the Fourth Directorate of the
ministry of health, academic of the
Russian Academy of Sciences
The Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS; russian: Росси́йская акаде́мия нау́к (РАН) ''Rossíyskaya akadémiya naúk'') consists of the national academy of Russia; a network of scientific research institutes from across t ...
and the
Russian Academy of Medical Sciences The USSR Academy of Medical Sciences (russian: Акаде́мия медици́нских нау́к СССР) was the highest scientific and medical organization founded in the Soviet Union founded in 1944.
Its successor is the Russian Academy of ...
, a recipient of numerous awards and decorations, Soviet, Russian, and foreign.
Biography
Chazov was born in 1929.
He was a graduate of the
Kiev Medical Institute
Bogomolets National Medical University (NMU) is a medical school founded in 1841 in Kyiv, Russian Empire by the Russian Tsar Nicolas I. The university is named after physiologist Alexander A. Bogomolets. NMU provides medical training for over 10 ...
.
[ Following his graduation he worked as a clinic surgeon, and later joined the research institute of therapy of the ]USSR Academy of Medical Sciences The USSR Academy of Medical Sciences (russian: Акаде́мия медици́нских нау́к СССР) was the highest scientific and medical organization founded in the Soviet Union founded in 1944.
Its successor is the Russian Academy of ...
.[ He served as a managing director of the A. L. Myasnikov Research Institute.][ Chazov was the director of the Moscow cardiological center since 1976. It is one of the largest such centers in the world, comprising 10 separate institutes. As the chief of the fourth directorate of the Ministry of Health, which took care of Soviet leaders, he was widely regarded to be a person responsible for the health of the Soviet leadership, although he sometimes denied that he was their "personal physician". He was the deputy health minister and appointed minister of health in 1987.][ Chazov was a member of the central committee of the ]Communist Party
A communist party is a political party that seeks to realize the socio-economic goals of communism. The term ''communist party'' was popularized by the title of ''The Manifesto of the Communist Party'' (1848) by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. A ...
.[
In his book of memoirs, ''Health and Power'' he described many circumstances concerning the health of the Soviet leaders and of some leaders of the Soviet satellites.
]
Nobel Peace Prize
Yevgeniy Chazov was a co-founder and co-president of International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War
International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War (IPPNW) is a non-partisan federation of national medical groups in 63 countries, representing doctors, medical students, other health workers, and concerned people who share the goal of ...
. Charged with promoting research on the probable medical, psychological, and biospheric effects of nuclear war, the group was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize
The Nobel Peace Prize is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Swedish industrialist, inventor and armaments (military weapons and equipment) manufacturer Alfred Nobel, along with the prizes in Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemi ...
on 10 December 1985.[ On the occasion of the award, Chazov gave the acceptance speech in Oslo.] At that time the group represented more than 135,000 members from 41 countries. Many groups protested the decision to include Chazov, and alleged that Chazov was responsible for some of the Soviet abuses of psychiatry and medicine and for attacks against a 1975 recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize, the physicist and Soviet dissident Andrei D. Sakharov.
Personal life
Chazov was married three times. He had two daughters, Tatyana and Irina, from the first and second marriage, respectively.[
]
References
External links
*
Acceptance speech on the occasion of the award of the Nobel Peace Prize in Oslo (10 December 1985)
*
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Chazov, Yevgeniy Ivanovich
1929 births
2021 deaths
Russian cardiologists
Soviet cardiologists
People from Nizhny Novgorod
Soviet Ministers of Health
Full Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences
Full Members of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Academicians of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences
Academicians of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences
Members of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts
Foreign Members of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
Members of the Tajik Academy of Sciences
Soviet anti–nuclear weapons activists
Russian anti–nuclear weapons activists
Full Cavaliers of the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland"
Recipients of the Lomonosov Gold Medal
Heroes of Socialist Labour
Recipients of the Order of Lenin
Lenin Prize winners
Recipients of the USSR State Prize
State Prize of the Russian Federation laureates
Bogomolets National Medical University alumni
Léon Bernard Foundation Prize laureates