{{Infobox family , name = Yaushev , native_name = Яушевлар
Yawşevlar , native_name_lang = Tatar , other_names = , coat_of_arms = , coat_of_arms_size = , alt = , coat_of_arms_caption = , image = , image_size = , alt2 = , image_caption = , type = Noble family, Business family , region = Russia,

Tatarstan The Republic of Tatarstan (russian: Республика Татарстан, Respublika Tatarstan, p=rʲɪsˈpublʲɪkə tətɐrˈstan; tt-Cyrl, Татарстан Республикасы), or simply Tatarstan (russian: Татарстан, tt ...

Southern Ural Southern Ural - the south, the widest part of the Ural Mountains, stretches from the river Ufa (near the village of Lower Ufaley) to the Ural River. From the west and east the Southern Ural is limited to the East European, West Siberian Plain and ...

, Kazakhstan , early_forms = , origin =

Khanate of Kazan The Khanate of Kazan ( tt, Казан ханлыгы, Kazan xanlıgı; russian: Казанское ханство, Kazanskoye khanstvo) was a medieval Tatar Turkic state that occupied the territory of former Volga Bulgaria between 1438 and 1552 ...

, parent_family =

Ar begs Ar begs (in Russian chronicles "Арские князья") was a formation of Tatars#Noqrat Tatars, Noqrat Tatars' nobility, served to Tsardom of Russia, Muscovy in 16th–17th century. In 14th–15th centuries they were rulers of semi-independen ...

, founded = 16th century , founder = Yaush , titles =

Morza Morza (plural ''morzalar''; from Persian ''mirza'') is a Princely title in Tatar states, such as Khanate of Kazan, Khanate of Astrakhan and others, and in Russia. After the fall of Kazan some morzalar joined Russian service. Some morzalar lost the ...

, members = , connected_members = , other_families = , distinctions = , traditions =

Islam in Tatarstan Islam in Tatarstan existed prior to the tenth century, but it began major growth in 922, when Bulgar ruler Almış converted to Islam.Azade-Ayse Rolich, The Volga Tatars, 1986, page 11. Richard Frye, Ibn Fadlan's Journey to Russia, 2005, page ...

Jadid The Jadids were Muslim modernist reformers within the Russian Empire in the late 19th and early 20th century. They normally referred to themselves by the Turkic terms ''Taraqqiparvarlar'' ('progressives'), ''Ziyalilar'' ('intellectuals') or simpl ...

, motto = , motto_lang = , motto_trans = , heirlooms = , estate = , meaning = "Descendant of Yaush" , website = , footnotes = Yaushev (russian: link=no, Яушевы, tt-Cyrl, Яушевлар, translit=Yawşevlar) are a

Volga Tatar The Volga Tatars or simply Tatars ( tt-Cyrl, татарлар, tatarlar) are a Turkic ethnic group native to the Volga-Ural region of Russia. They are subdivided into various subgroups. Volga Tatars are Russia's second-largest ethnicity after t ...

noble family.

Early history

The family is a branch of the

aristocratic clan and descents from Yaush (russian: link=no, Яуш), a nobleman mentioned in chronicles related to the

Siege of Kazan The siege of Kazan in 1552 was the final battle of the Russo-Kazan Wars and led to the fall of the Khanate of Kazan. Conflict continued after the fall of Kazan, however, as rebel governments formed in Çalım and Mişätamaq, and a new khan wa ...

in 1552. Descendants of Yaush were

Serving Tatars Serving Tatars ( tt-Cyrl, йомышлы татарлар, translit=Yomışlı Tatarlar; russian: Служилые татары) were a class of ethnically Tatars state servants in Grand Duchy of Moscow, Muscovy and Russia in 14th–18th centur ...

in Russia and were granted Russian noble title and land by

Ivan the Terrible Ivan IV Vasilyevich (russian: Ива́н Васи́льевич; 25 August 1530 – ), commonly known in English as Ivan the Terrible, was the grand prince of Moscow from 1533 to 1547 and the first Tsar of all Russia from 1547 to 1584. Ivan ...

. Under

Peter the Great Peter I ( – ), most commonly known as Peter the Great,) or Pyotr Alekséyevich ( rus, Пётр Алексе́евич, p=ˈpʲɵtr ɐlʲɪˈksʲejɪvʲɪtɕ, , group=pron was a Russian monarch who ruled the Tsardom of Russia from t ...

the Yaushev family was stripped of nobility for the refusal to convert from

Islam Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic Monotheism#Islam, monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God in Islam, God (or ...

to the

Russian Orthodox Church , native_name_lang = ru , image = Moscow July 2011-7a.jpg , imagewidth = , alt = , caption = Cathedral of Christ the Saviour in Moscow, Russia , abbreviation = ROC , type ...

. In the subsequent decades, parts of the family restored their title.

Merchant family

A branch of the larger Yaushev clan became a prominent merchant family in the 19th and early 20th century by trading between Russia and Central Asia. The merchant dynasty was founded in

Troitsk Troitsk (russian: Троицк) is the name of several types of inhabited localities in Russia, inhabited localities in Russia. Modern localities ;Urban localities *Troitsk, Chelyabinsk Oblast, a town in Chelyabinsk Oblast; *Troitsk, Moscow, a tow ...

in the early 19th century by Gaisa Yaushev (1790–1870). It was later represented by his son Akhmedzhan Yaushev (1818–1875) and gained the largest influence under his grandsons Abdulvali Yaushev (1840–1906) and Mullagali Yaushev (1864–1927). The family firm was known as the ''Trading House of the Yaushev Brothers'' (russian: link=no, Торговый дом братьев Яушевых) in the early 20th century.Денисов Д. Н. Очерки по истории мусульманских общин Челябинского края (XVIII – начало XX в.) – М: Марджани, 2011 ssays on the history of Muslim communities in the Chelyabinsk Region, by Denis Denisov, 2011/ref> The Yaushev merchant family owned stores and trading arcades ("passages") in the

(

Chelyabinsk Chelyabinsk ( rus, Челя́бинск, p=tɕɪˈlʲæbʲɪnsk, a=Ru-Chelyabinsk.ogg; ba, Силәбе, ''Siläbe'') is the administrative center and largest city of Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia. It is the seventh-largest city in Russia, with a ...

, Kustanay) and Central Asia (

Tashkent Tashkent (, uz, Toshkent, Тошкент/, ) (from russian: Ташкент), or Toshkent (; ), also historically known as Chach is the capital and largest city of Uzbekistan. It is the most populous city in Central Asia, with a population of ...

), as well as cotton, tea, soap and leather manufactures in what now are Russia and Uzbekistan. The Yaushevs were sponsors and active members of the

liberal Muslim Liberalism and progressivism within Islam involve professed Muslims who have created a considerable body of Progressivism, progressive thought about Islamic understanding and practice. Their work is sometimes characterized as "Progressivism, prog ...

movement in Russia,

ism. They financed several Islamic modernist schools and mosques, such as the White Mosque in Kustanay. After the

October Revolution The October Revolution,. officially known as the Great October Socialist Revolution. in the Soviet Union, also known as the Bolshevik Revolution, was a revolution in Russia led by the Bolshevik Party of Vladimir Lenin that was a key moment ...

, the property of the Yaushev merchant family was nationalized by the bolsheviks. The family went into exile to Japan, China, the United States and Western Europe. Some members of the family later returned to

Soviet Russia The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russian SFSR or RSFSR ( rus, Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика, Rossíyskaya Sovétskaya Federatívnaya Soci ...

Architecture related to the Yaushev merchant family

File:Здание пассажа братьев Якушевых.JPG, Yaushev trading arcade in

, built in 1908-1911 File:1 - Торговый дом Яушевых (пассаж Яушевых) улица Труда, 92-а.JPG, Yaushev trading arcade in

, built in 1912-1913 File:Махаля-мечеть №91.jpg, Zaynulla Rasulev Mosque in Troitsk, construction was financed in 1863-1864 by Gaisa Yaushev File:Здание мечети (Троицк).JPG, Gataulla Mulla Mosque in Troitsk, construction was financed in 1894–1895 by Abdulvali Yaushev File:Туркестан.jpg,

Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi The Mausoleum of Khawaja Ahmed Yasawi ( kz, Қожа Ахмет Яссауи кесенесі, ''Qoja Ahmet İassaui kesenesı''; russian: Мавзолей Ходжи Ахмеда Ясави, ''Mavzoley khodzhi Akhmeda Yasavi'') is a mausoleum i ...

, reparation works financed by the Yaushev family in 1899 File:Yakushev home.JPG, A house belonging to the Yaushev family in

Troitsk, Chelyabinsk Oblast Troitsk (russian: Тро́ицк) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, town in Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia, located east of the southern Ural Mountains and approximately south of Chelyabinsk on the Kazakhstan–Russia border, border w ...

Muslim cleric family

A different branch of the Yaushev family became religious leaders in what is now northern

Kazakhstan Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country located mainly in Central Asia and partly in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the north and west, China to the east, Kyrgyzstan to the southeast, Uzbeki ...

in the second half of the 19th century and early 20th century. Gabdelbari Yaushev (1814—1894) and his son Gabdelvagap Yaushev (1859—1924) were

imam Imam (; ar, إمام '; plural: ') is an Islamic leadership position. For Sunni Muslims, Imam is most commonly used as the title of a worship leader of a mosque. In this context, imams may lead Islamic worship services, lead prayers, ser ...

s and

akhoond Akhund (akhoond, akhwand, akhand or akondo) ( fa, آخوند) is a Persian title or surname for Islamic scholars, common in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Azerbaijan. Other names for similar Muslim Scholar include sheik ...

s in the city of

Petropavl Petropavl ( kk, Петропавл, Petropavl ) or Petropavlovsk () is a city on the Ishim River in northern Kazakhstan close to the border with Russia. It is the capital of the North Kazakhstan Region. Population: 218,956. The city is also kno ...

ovsk and trustees of the mosque of the

Irbit Fair {{Unreferenced, date=March 2009 The Irbit fair ( Russian: Ирби́тская я́рмарка, ''irbitskaya yarmarka'') was the second largest fair in Imperial Russia after the Makariev Fair. It was held annually in winter, trading with tea and ...

. The family remained in Russia after the revolution and maintained its role as religious leaders in Petropavlovsk during the first years of the Soviet regime.

Descendants

* The Soviet journalist Farid Seiful-Mulyukov was the grandson of the last head of the Yaushev merchant family, Mullagali Yaushev. * Fatykha Aitova (née Yausheva), the daughter of Abdulvali Yaushev, was the founder of the first women's gymnasium in

Kazan Kazan ( ; rus, Казань, p=kɐˈzanʲ; tt-Cyrl, Казан, ''Qazan'', IPA: ɑzan is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Tatarstan in Russia. The city lies at the confluence of the Volga and the Kazanka rivers, covering a ...

in 1916.Рейтинг ProKazan: самые знаменитые женщины Татарстана прошлых лет
roKazan Rating: The Best-Known Women of Tatarstan in History ''prokazan.ru'' * Mukhamedzhan Seralin, Kazakh journalist, founder of the first

magazine A magazine is a periodical publication, generally published on a regular schedule (often weekly or monthly), containing a variety of content. They are generally financed by advertising, purchase price, prepaid subscriptions, or by a combinatio ...

in Kazakh language,

Ay Qap ''Ay Qap'' (آی قاپ, ''Айқап, Aıqap'' in modern scripts) was a Kazakh journal of opinion and debate published in Troitsk from January 1911 until September 1915 under the editorship of Mūhammedjan Seralin.Екатерина Байняшева. Что мы помним и знаем о великом земляке Мухамеджане Сералине?
hat do we know about our great compatriot Mukhamedzhan Seralin?�— Nash Kostanay, 29.05.2022

Sources

* Чайчиц А. ''Купцы Яушевы. Семейная история''. Казань: Татарское книжное издательство, 2020 �aičics, A. ''The Yaushev Merchants: a Family History''. Kazan: Tatar Book Publishers, 2020">Tatar Book Publishers">�aičics, A. ''The Yaushev Merchants: a Family History''. Kazan: Tatar Book Publishers, 2020

References

Tatar dukes and mirzas Russian noble families 19th-century businesspeople from the Russian Empire Businesspeople from the Russian Empire Russian merchants Russian business families Tatar muftis Tatar diaspora White Russian emigrants to Japan White Russian emigrants to China