Yasothon province ( th, ยโสธร, ), one of Thailand's seventy-six

provinces A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or state. The term derives from the ancient Roman ''provincia'', which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's territorial possessions outsi ...

(''changwat''), lies in central northeastern Thailand also called

Isan Northeast Thailand or Isan (Isan/ th, อีสาน, ; lo, ອີສານ; also written as Isaan, Isarn, Issarn, Issan, Esan, or Esarn; from Pali ''īsānna'' or Sanskrit ईशान्य ''īśānya'' "northeast") consists of 20 provin ...

. The province was established by the revolutionary council of Field Marshal Thanom Kittikachorn, after its Announcement No. 70 which came into force on 3 March 1972. Neighboring provinces are (from north clockwise)

Mukdahan Mukdahan ( th, มุกดาหาร, ) is a town (''thesaban mueang'') and capital of Mukdahan Province, which became Thailand's 73rd province in 1982. In the northern region of the country, on the right (west) bank Mekong River, it was for ...

Amnat Charoen Amnat Charoen ( th, อำนาจเจริญ, ) is a town in Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese ...

Ubon Ratchathani Ubon Ratchathani ( th, อุบลราชธานี, ) is one of the four major cities of Isan (with Khorat/Nakhon Ratchasima, Udon Thani, and Khon Kaen), also known as the "big four of Isan." The city is on the Mun River in the south ...

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, and

Roi Et Roi Et (, ) is a town (''thesaban mueang'') in north-eastern Thailand, capital of Roi Et Province. It covers the whole ''tambon'' Nai Mueang of Mueang Roi Et district. As of 2006 it had a population of 34,229. Roi Et is 514 km from Ban ...

Geography

The northern half of the province consists of plains with low hills; the southern part consists of the river lowlands of the River Chi, with ponds and swamps. Yasothon's total forested area is or 8.7% of the province.

Geology

Yasothon soils (rhodic ferralsols) formed in the

Triassic The Triassic ( ) is a geologic period and system which spans 50.6 million years from the end of the Permian Period 251.902 million years ago ( Mya), to the beginning of the Jurassic Period 201.36 Mya. The Triassic is the first and shortest period ...

before the uplift of the

Khorat Plateau The Khorat Plateau ( th, ที่ราบสูงโคราช) is a plateau in the northeastern Thai region of Isan. The plateau forms a natural region, named after the short form of Nakhon Ratchasima, a historical barrier controlling access ...

, are

relict A relict is a surviving remnant of a natural phenomenon. Biology A relict (or relic) is an organism that at an earlier time was abundant in a large area but now occurs at only one or a few small areas. Geology and geomorphology In geology, a r ...

soils made fertile by

field Field may refer to: Expanses of open ground * Field (agriculture), an area of land used for agricultural purposes * Airfield, an aerodrome that lacks the infrastructure of an airport * Battlefield * Lawn, an area of mowed grass * Meadow, a grass ...

termite Termites are small insects that live in colonies and have distinct castes (eusocial) and feed on wood or other dead plant matter. Termites comprise the infraorder Isoptera, or alternatively the epifamily Termitoidae, within the order Blattode ...

s through

bioturbation Bioturbation is defined as the reworking of soils and sediments by animals or plants. It includes burrowing, ingestion, and defecation of sediment grains. Bioturbating activities have a profound effect on the environment and are thought to be a pr ...

National park

There is one national park, along with five other national parks, make up region 9 (Ubon Ratchathani) of Thailand's protected areas. *

Phu Sa Dok Bua National Park Phu Sa Dok Bua ( th, ภูสระดอกบัว) National Park is a national park that lies in the Amnat Charoen, Mukdahan, and Yasothon Provinces of Thailand. The park's headquarters are located at Amphoe Don Tan, Mukdahan Province. Poi ...

History

The province was created on 1 March 1972, when it was split off from

. In the past, Yasothon was a fertile land on the banks of the Chi River. Yasothon has a long history associated with Nong Bua Lum Phu Nakhon, Khuean Khan Kab Kaew Bua Ban and related to Ubon City. Around 1771, Phra Chao Ta Chao Phrawo, the old stewards of

Vientiane Vientiane ( , ; lo, ວຽງຈັນ, ''Viangchan'', ) is the capital and largest city of Laos. Vientiane is divided administratively into 9 cities with a total area of only approx. 3,920 square kilometres and is located on the banks of ...

have evacuated their families and dependents to settled and using the name of the new city as "Nong Bua Lum Phu City".

Rattanakosin period

In 1814,

King Rama II Phra Phutthaloetla Naphalai ( th, พระพุทธเลิศหล้านภาลัย, 24 February 1767 – 21 July 1824), personal name Chim ( th, ฉิม), also styled as Rama II, was the second monarch of Siam under the Chakri ...

ordered to raised Ban Singh Tha as a city and gave it the name "Muang Yot Sunthon" and later changed its name to "Yasothon". During the reign of

King Rama III Nangklao ( th, พระบาทสมเด็จพระนั่งเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว, ; 31 March 1788 – 2 April 1851), birth name Thap ( th, ทับ), also styled Rama III, was the third king of Siam ...

, in the

Lao rebellion (1826–1828) The Lao Rebellion of 1826–1828 (also known as Anouvong's Rebellion or the Vientiane-Siam War) was an attempt by King Anouvong (Xaiya Sethathirath V) of the Kingdom of Vientiane to end the suzerainty of Siam and recreate the former kingdom of ...

, Yasothon was enlisted to participate in the victorious battle. During the reign of

King Rama V Chulalongkorn ( th, จุฬาลงกรณ์, 20 September 1853 – 23 October 1910) was the fifth monarch of Siam under the House of Chakri, titled Rama V. He was known to the Siamese of his time as ''Phra Phuttha Chao Luang'' (พร� ...

in 1874, in the

Haw wars The Haw Wars ( th, สงครามปราบฮ่อ) were fought against Chinese quasi-military refugee gangs invading parts of Tonkin and the Siam from 1865–1890. Forces invading Lao domains were ill-disciplined and freely demolished B ...

, Yasothon was enlisted to join forces. Later in 1883, Haw has raised forces to be located at Thung Chiang Kham, Yasothon was enlisted to take the strength of elephants, horses, cows as a vehicle to carry supplies to feed the army. During the

Franco-Siamese War The Franco-Siamese War of 1893, known in Thailand as Incident of Thai solar calendar#Rattanakosin Era, R.S. 112 ( th, วิกฤตการณ์ ร.ศ. 112, , ) was a conflict between the French Third Republic and the Rattanakosin Kingdom, ...

in 1893, French has raised forces to attacked Sombok city, Yasothon was conscripted to help defend the border by bringing troops to join the army from

Bangkok Bangkok, officially known in Thai language, Thai as Krung Thep Maha Nakhon and colloquially as Krung Thep, is the capital and most populous city of Thailand. The city occupies in the Chao Phraya River delta in central Thailand and has an estima ...

. In 1900 has dissolved the northeastern province, Yasothon has merged with the city of

. It is divided into 2 districts, namely "Uthai Yasothon District" and "Prachim Yasothon District". In 1913, has changed the name of "Uthai Yasothon District" to "Kham Khuean Kaeo District" and changed the name of "Prachim Yasothon District" to "Yasothon District". Yasothon therefore downgraded from a city to a district since then. Many years later in 1972, Yasothon was separated from Ubon Ratchathani until present day.

Symbols

The seal of the province shows two mythical lions, called

singh Singh (IPA: ) is a title, middle name or surname that means " lion" in various South Asian and Southeast Asian communities. Traditionally used by the Hindu Kshatriya community, it eventually became a common surname adopted by different comm ...

, facing the chedi Prathat Anon, in the temple Wat Maha That in the city of Yasothon. In the legendary account of the founding of the city, a lion came out of the forest when the site was chosen; hence the city was called '' Ban Singh Tha'' ( th, บ้านสิงห์ท่า), Home (of) Imposing Lion. At the bottom of the seal is a lotus flower (''

Nymphaea lotus ''Nymphaea lotus'', the white Egyptian lotus, tiger lotus, white lotus or Egyptian white water-lily, is a flowering plant of the family Nymphaeaceae. Distribution It grows in various parts of East Africa and Southeast Asia. The ''Nymphaea lot ...

''), as the lotus is both the provincial flower of the province and of Ubon Ratchathani province, of which Yasothon was part until 1972. The provincial tree is ''

Anisoptera costata ''Anisoptera costata'' is an endangered species of plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. The name ''costata'' is derived from Latin (''costatus'' = ribbed) and describes the prominent venation of the leaf blade. A huge emergent tree up to 65 m h ...

''.

Administrative divisions

Provincial government

The province is divided into nine districts (''

amphoe An amphoe (sometimes also ''amphur'', th, อำเภอ, )—usually translated as "district"—is the second level administrative subdivision of Thailand. Groups of ''amphoe'' or districts make up the provinces, and are analogous to countie ...

''). The districts are further subdivided into 78 subdistricts (''

tambon ''Tambon'' ( th, ตำบล, ) is a local governmental unit in Thailand. Below district (''amphoe'') and province (''changwat''), they form the third administrative subdivision level. there were 7,255 tambons, not including the 180 ''khwaeng'' ...

'') and 885 villages (''

muban Muban ( th, หมู่บ้าน; , ) is the lowest administrative sub-division of Thailand. Usually translated as 'village' and sometimes as 'hamlet', they are a subdivision of a tambon (subdistrict). , there were 74,944 administrative mu ...

'').

Local government

As of 26 November 2019 there are: one Yasothon Provincial Administration Organisation (') and 24 municipal (''thesaban'') areas in the province. Yasothon has town (''

thesaban mueang Thesaban ( th, เทศบาล, , ) are the municipalities of Thailand. There are three levels of municipalities: city, town, and sub-district. Bangkok and Pattaya are special municipal entities not included in the ''thesaban'' system. The mu ...

'') status. Further 23 subdistrict municipalities (''

thesaban tambon Thesaban ( th, เทศบาล, , ) are the municipalities of Thailand. There are three levels of municipalities: city, town, and sub-district. Bangkok and Pattaya are special municipal entities not included in the ''thesaban'' system. The mu ...

''). The non-municipal areas are administered by 63 Subdistrict Administrative Organisations - SAO (''ongkan borihan suan tambon'').

Transport

Yasothon city is about from Bangkok at the intersection of Routes 23 and 202, and the south end of Route 2169. Several bus lines connect the province at frequent intervals to Bangkok's Northern Bus Terminal ( th, หมอชิดใหม่, ), as well as all bus terminals in the north and northeast. Ubon Ratchathani province is 100 kilometres east on Route 23.

Human achievement index 2017

Since 2003, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Thailand has tracked progress on human development at the provincial level using the

Human Achievement Index Humans (''Homo sapiens'') are the most abundant and widespread species of primate, characterized by bipedalism and exceptional cognitive skills due to a large and complex brain. This has enabled the development of advanced tools, culture, ...

(HAI), a composite index covering eight key areas of human development. The

National Economic and Social Development Board The Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council ( th, สำนักงานสภาพัฒนาการเศรษฐกิจและสังคมแห่งชาติ), also known as NESDC, is a national economi ...

(NESDB) has taken over this task since 2017.

References

External links

*
Provincial page from the Tourist Authority of ThailandWebsite of province
Thai) {{Coord, 15, 48, 8, N, 104, 8, 23, E, type:adm1st_region:TH, display=title Isan Provinces of Thailand