![Yaoicon cosplayers](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Yaoicon_cosplayers.jpg)
The ''yaoi'' fandom consists of the readers of (also called Boys' Love or abbreviated to BL), a genre of male x male romance narratives aimed at those who participate in communal activities organized around yaoi, such as attending conventions, maintaining or posting to
fansite
A fansite, fan site, fan blog or fan page is a website created and maintained by a fan or devotee about a celebrity, thing, or particular cultural phenomenon.
Fansites may offer specialized information on the subject (e.g., episode listings, bi ...
s, creating
fan fiction
Fan fiction or fanfiction (also abbreviated to fan fic, fanfic, fic or FF) is fictional writing written in an amateur capacity by fans, unauthorized by, but based on an existing work of fiction. The author uses copyrighted characters, settin ...
or
fan art
Fan art or fanart is artwork created by fans of a work of fiction and derived from a series character or other aspect of that work. They are usually done by amateur artists, semi-professionals or professionals. As fan labor, fan art refers to ...
, etc. In the mid-1990s, estimates of the size of the Japanese fandom were at 100,000–500,000 people. Despite increased knowledge of the genre among the general public, readership remains limited in 2008. English-language fan translations of ''
From Eroica with Love
is a shōjo manga, ''shōjo'' manga by Yasuko Aoike which originally began publication in 1976 by Akita Shoten. The series ran irregularly in the Japanese anthology magazine ''Viva Princess'' from December 1976 to April 1979, then moved to t ...
'' circulated through the
slash fiction
Slash fiction (also known as "m/m slash") is a genre of fan fiction that focuses on romantic or sexual relationships between fictional characters of the same sex.Bacon-Smith, Camille. "Spock Among the Women." New York Times Sunday Book Review, ...
community in the 1980s, forging a link between slash fiction fandom and fandom.
Most fans are teenage girls or young women. In Japan, female fans are called , denoting how a woman who enjoys fictional gay content is "rotten", too ruined to be married. A male fan of yaoi is called a . The words' origin can be found in the online text board
2channel
, also known as 2ch, Channel 2, and sometimes retrospectively as 2ch.net, was an anonymous Japanese textboard founded in 1999 by Hiroyuki Nishimura. Described in 2007 as "Japan's most popular online community", the site had a level of influe ...
.
fans have been characters in manga such as the
seinen manga
is an editorial category of Japanese comics marketed toward young adult men. In Japanese, the word ''seinen'' literally means "youth", but the term "''seinen'' manga" is also used to describe the target audience of magazines like ''Weekly Ma ...
''
Fujoshi Rumi''.
At least one
butler café
A is a subcategory of cosplay restaurant that originated in Japan. In these cafés, waiters dress as butlers and serve patrons in the manner of domestic servants attending to aristocracy. Butler cafés proliferated in reaction to the popula ...
has opened with a schoolboy theme in order to appeal to the Boy's Love aesthetic. In one study on
visual kei
is a movement among Japanese musicians that is characterized by the use of varying levels of make-up, elaborate hair styles and flamboyant costumes, often, but not always, coupled with androgynous aesthetics, similar to Western glam rock.
Som ...
, 37% of Japanese fan respondents reported having " or sexual fantasies" about the
visual kei
is a movement among Japanese musicians that is characterized by the use of varying levels of make-up, elaborate hair styles and flamboyant costumes, often, but not always, coupled with androgynous aesthetics, similar to Western glam rock.
Som ...
stars.
Demographics
The female readership in Thailand is estimated at 50% as males also read gay manga, and the membership of Yaoi-Con, a yaoi
convention in
San Francisco
San Francisco (; Spanish language, Spanish for "Francis of Assisi, Saint Francis"), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the commercial, financial, and cultural center of Northern California. The city proper is the List of Ca ...
, is 50% female.
It is usually assumed that all female fans are heterosexual, but in Japan there is a presence of lesbian manga authors
and lesbian, bisexual, other or
questioning female readers.
Recent online surveys of English-speaking readers of yaoi indicate that 50-60% of female readers self-identify as heterosexual.
[
] It has been suggested that Western fans may be more diverse in their
sexual orientation
Sexual orientation is an enduring pattern of romantic or sexual attraction (or a combination of these) to persons of the opposite sex or gender, the same sex or gender, or to both sexes or more than one gender. These attractions are generall ...
than Japanese fans and that Western fans are "more likely to link" BL ("Boy's Love") to supporting
gay rights
Rights affecting lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people vary greatly by country or jurisdiction—encompassing everything from the legal recognition of same-sex marriage to the death penalty for homosexuality.
Notably, , 3 ...
.
[ Pagliassotti, Dru (November 2008]
'Reading Boys' Love in the West'
Particip@tions Volume 5, Issue 2 Special Edition Much like the Yaoi readership base, the majority of Yaoi fanfiction writers are also believed to be heterosexual women. The reasoning behind this trend is sometimes attributed to patriarchy- that women who write yaoi fanfiction are in fact acting out heterosexual fantasies through these male figures.
Although the genre is marketed at women and girls,
gay
''Gay'' is a term that primarily refers to a homosexual person or the trait of being homosexual. The term originally meant 'carefree', 'cheerful', or 'bright and showy'.
While scant usage referring to male homosexuality dates to the late 1 ...
,
[McLelland, Mark]
Why are Japanese Girls' Comics full of Boys Bonking?
''Refractory: A Journal of Entertainment Media'' Vol.10, 2006/2007 bisexual
Bisexuality is a romantic or sexual attraction or behavior toward both males and females, or to more than one gender. It may also be defined to include romantic or sexual attraction to people regardless of their sex or gender identity, whi ...
,
[Yoo, Seunghyun (2002]
Online discussions on Yaoi: Gay relationships, sexual violence, and female fantasy
and even heterosexual males
[
] also form part of the readership. In one library-based survey of U.S. yaoi fans, about one quarter of respondents were male;
[
] online surveys of Anglophone readers place this percentage at about 10%.
Lunsing suggests that younger Japanese
gay men
Gay men are male homosexuals. Some bisexual and homoromantic men may also dually identify as gay, and a number of young gay men also identify as queer. Historically, gay men have been referred to by a number of different terms, including ' ...
who are offended by gay men's magazines' "pornographic" content may prefer to read yaoi instead.
That is not to say that the majority of homosexual men are fans of the genre, as some are put off by the feminine art style or unrealistic depictions of homosexual life and instead seek "
Gei comi" (Gay comics), manga written by and for homosexual men,
[Lunsing, Wim]
Yaoi Ronsō: Discussing Depictions of Male Homosexuality in Japanese Girls' Comics, Gay Comics and Gay Pornography
''Intersections: Gender, History and Culture in the Asian Context'' Issue 12, January 2006 Accessed 12 August 2008. as gei comi is perceived to be more realistic.
[Wilson, Brent; Toku, Masami]
2003 Lunsing notes that some of the narrative annoyances that homosexual men express about yaoi manga, such as rape, misogyny, and an absence of a Western-style gay identity, are also present in gei comi.
Some male manga artists have produced yaoi works, using their successes in yaoi to then go on to publish gei comi.
Authors of BL present themselves as "fellow fans" by using dust jacket notes and postscripts to chat to the readers "as if they were her girlfriends" and talk about the creative process in making the manga, and what she discovered she liked about the story she wrote.
Numbers
In the mid-1990s, estimates of the size of the Japanese yaoi fandom were at 100,000-500,000 people;
at around that time, the long-running yaoi anthology ''
June
June is the sixth month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars and is the second of four months to have a length of 30 days, and the third of five months to have a length of less than 31 days. June contains the summer solstice in ...
'' had a circulation of between 80,000 and 100,000, twice the circulation of the "best-selling" gay lifestyle magazine ''
Badi''.
Most Western yaoi fansites "appeared some years later than pages and lists devoted to mainstream anime and manga". As of 1995, they "revolved around the most famous series", such as ''
Ai no Kusabi
is a Japanese novel written by Rieko Yoshihara. Originally serialized in the magazine '' Shōsetsu June'' between December 1986 and October 1987, the story was collected into a hardbound novel that was released in Japan in 1990, and eventua ...
'' and ''
Zetsuai 1989
is a Japanese yaoi manga known for its melodramatic, almost operatic plot, its "semi-insane characters", and for the controversial style of its artwork. The word "Zetsu-ai" is a compound created by Minami Ozaki which has been translat ...
''; and by the late 1990s, English-speaking websites mentioning yaoi "reached the hundreds". As of 2003, on Japanese-language internet sites, there were roughly equal proportions of sites dedicated to yaoi as there were sites by and for gay men about homosexuality. On 16 November 2003 there were 770,000 yaoi websites.
As of April 2005, a search for non-Japanese sites resulted in 785,000 English, 49,000 Spanish, 22,400 Korean, 11,900 Italian and 6,900 Chinese sites.
[McLelland, Mark]
The World of Yaoi: The Internet, Censorship and the Global “Boys’ Love” Fandom
''The Australian Feminist Law Journal
The ''Australian Feminist Law Journal'' is a biannual peer-reviewed academic journal covering feminist legal issues from a critical perspective. It was established in 1993 and is published by Routledge
Routledge () is a British multinational ...
'', 2005. In January 2007, there were approximately five million hits for 'yaoi'. Hisako Miyoshi, the Vice Editor-in-Chief for
Libre Publishing
, formerly known as from 2006 to 2016, is a Japanese publishing company owned by Animate. Libre primarily publishes ''yaoi'' and teens' love manga and light novels, which are run in their magazines ''Magazine Be × Boy'' and ''Be × Boy Gold'' ...
's manga division, said in a 2008 interview that although Boys Love is more well known to the general public, the numbers of readers remains limited, which she attributes to the codified nature of the genre.
Fan preferences
Thorn noted that while some fans like both equally, fans tend to either prefer BL or non-BL
shōjo manga
is an editorial category of Japanese comics targeting an audience of adolescent females and young adult women. It is, along with manga (targeting adolescent boys), manga (targeting young adult and adult men), and manga (targeting adul ...
.
[Thorn, Mat]
What Shôjo Manga Are and Are Not - A Quick Guide for the Confused
/ref> and Suzuki noted BL fans have a preference for BL over other forms of pornography, for example, heterosexual love stories in ladies' comics.[Suzuki, Kazuko. 1999. "Pornography or Therapy? Japanese Girls Creating the Yaoi Phenomenon". In Sherrie Inness, ed., ''Millennium Girls: Today's Girls Around the World''. London: Rowman & Littlefield, p.245 , .] Jessica Bawens-Sugimoto feels that in general, "slash and yaoi fans are dismissive of mainstream hetero-sexual romance", such as "the notorious pulp Harlequin romances".[ Deborah Shamoon said that "the borders between yaoi, shōjo manga and ladies' comics are quite permeable", suggesting that fans of BL probably enjoyed both homosexual and heterosexual tales.][Shamoon, Deborah (July 2004) “Office Sluts and Rebel Flowers: The Pleasures of Japanese Pornographic Comics for Women” in Linda Williams ed. ''Porn Studies''. Duke University Press p. 86] Kazuma Kodaka, in an interview with '' Giant Robot'' suggested that the Japanese yaoi fandom includes married women who had been her fans since they were in college. Dru Pagliassotti's survey indicates that loyalty to an author is a common factor in readers' purchase decisions. Yōka Nitta has noted a split in what her readers want - her younger readers prefer seeing explicit material, and her older readers prefer seeing romance. There is a perception that the English-speaking yaoi fandom is demanding increasingly explicit content, but that this poses problems for retailers. In 2004, ICv2 noted that fans seemed to prefer buying yaoi online. Andrea Wood suggests that due to restrictions placed on the sale of yaoi, many Western teenage fans seek more explicit titles via scanlation
Scanlation (also scanslation) is the fan-made scanning, translation, and editing of comics from a language into another language. Scanlation is done as an amateur work performed by groups and is nearly always done without express permission from t ...
s. Dru Pagliassotti
Dru Pagliassotti (born November 29, 1966) is an author of fantasy literature and the editor of ''The Harrow'' online magazine.Moore, Jean Cowden.CLU bookworm writes a novel" ''Ventura County Star'', April 25, 2008.
Xyr first published novel was ' ...
notes that the majority of respondents to her survey say that they first encountered BL online, which she links to half of her respondents reporting that they get most of their BL from scanlations. In 2003, there were at least five BL scanlation groups. Japanese fan practices in the mid to late 2000s included the concept of the feeling of ''moe
Moe, MOE, MoE or m.o.e. may refer to:
In arts and entertainment Characters
* Moe Szyslak, from the animated television show ''The Simpsons''
* Moe, leader of The Three Stooges, played by Moe Howard
* Moe Higurashi, supporting character in ''Yash ...
'', which was typically used by male otaku
is a Japanese word that describes people with consuming interests, particularly in anime, manga, video games, or computers. Its contemporary use originated with a 1983 essay by Akio Nakamori in ''Manga Burikko''. may be used as a pejorativ ...
about young female characters prior to this.
Robin Brenner and Snow Wildsmith noted in their survey of American fans that gay and bisexual male fans of yaoi preferred more realistic tales than female fans did.
Shihomi Sakakibara (1998) argued that yaoi fans, including himself, were homosexually oriented female-to-male transgeneder people.[Sakakibara, Shihomi (1998) ''Yaoi genron: yaoi kara mieta mono'' (An Elusive Theory of Yaoi: The view from Yaoi). Tokyo: Natsume Shobo, .] Akiko Mizoguchi believes there is a "shikou" (translated as taste or orientation), both towards BL/yaoi as a whole, and towards particular patterns within the genre, such as a "feisty bottom (yancha uke)" character type. Her study shows that fans believe that in order to be "serious" fans, they should know their own preferences, and "consider themselves a sort of sexual minority". She argues that the exchange of sexual fantasies between the predominantly female yaoi fandom can be interpreted that although the participants may be heterosexual in real life, they can also and compatibly be considered "virtual lesbians". Patrick Galbraith suggests that androgynous beautiful boys contribute to the appeal of yaoi amongst women who are heterosexual, lesbian or transgender.
The small Taiwanese BL fandom has been noted to be against real-person BL fanfiction, banning it from their messageboard.
''Fujoshi'' and ''fudanshi''
is a Japanese term for female fans of manga
Manga (Japanese: 漫画 ) are comics or graphic novels originating from Japan. Most manga conform to a style developed in Japan in the late 19th century, and the form has a long prehistory in earlier Japanese art. The term ''manga'' is u ...
, anime
is Traditional animation, hand-drawn and computer animation, computer-generated animation originating from Japan. Outside of Japan and in English, ''anime'' refers specifically to animation produced in Japan. However, in Japan and in Japane ...
and novel
A novel is a relatively long work of narrative fiction, typically written in prose and published as a book. The present English word for a long work of prose fiction derives from the for "new", "news", or "short story of something new", itsel ...
s that feature romantic relationships between men. The label encompasses fans of the yaoi
''Yaoi'' (; ja, やおい ), also known by the ''wasei-eigo'' construction and its abbreviation , is a genre of fictional media originating in Japan that features Homoeroticism, homoerotic relationships between male characters. It is typi ...
genre itself, as well as the related manga, anime and video game
Video games, also known as computer games, are electronic games that involves interaction with a user interface or input device such as a joystick, controller, keyboard, or motion sensing device to generate visual feedback. This fee ...
properties that have appeared as the market for such works has developed. The term "fujoshi" is a homophonous
A homophone () is a word that is pronounced the same (to varying extent) as another word but differs in meaning. A ''homophone'' may also differ in spelling. The two words may be spelled the same, for example ''rose'' (flower) and ''rose'' (pa ...
pun on , a term for respectable women, created by replacing the character meaning married woman, with the character meaning fermented or rotten, indicating that a woman who enjoys fictional gay content is ruined for marriage. The name was coined by 2channel
, also known as 2ch, Channel 2, and sometimes retrospectively as 2ch.net, was an anonymous Japanese textboard founded in 1999 by Hiroyuki Nishimura. Described in 2007 as "Japan's most popular online community", the site had a level of influe ...
in the early 2000s as a derogatory insult, but was later reclaimed
Land reclamation, usually known as reclamation, and also known as land fill (not to be confused with a waste landfill), is the process of creating new Terrestrial ecoregion, land from oceans, list of seas, seas, Stream bed, riverbeds or lak ...
as a self-descriptive term. "Fujoshi" carried a connotation of being a "fallen woman". An issue of ''Yureka'' which examined fujoshi in detail in 2007 contributed to the spread of the term.
Older fujoshi use various terms to refer to themselves, including as , a pun on a homophonous word meaning "fine lady", and , which sounds similar to a phrase meaning "Madame Butterfly
''Madama Butterfly'' (; ''Madame Butterfly'') is an opera in three acts (originally two) by Giacomo Puccini, with an Italian libretto by Luigi Illica and Giuseppe Giacosa.
It is based on the short story "Madame Butterfly" (1898) by John Luther ...
", possibly taken from a character nicknamed in the 1972 manga series ''Ace o Nerae!
''Aim for the Ace!'', known in Japan as , is a manga series written and illustrated by Sumika Yamamoto. The series tells the story of Hiromi Oka, a high school student who wants to become a professional tennis player as she struggles ag ...
'' by Sumika Yamamoto.
According to a 2005 issue of ''Eureka'', in recent times ''fujoshi'' can refer to female otaku
is a Japanese word that describes people with consuming interests, particularly in anime, manga, video games, or computers. Its contemporary use originated with a 1983 essay by Akio Nakamori in ''Manga Burikko''. may be used as a pejorativ ...
in general, although it cautions that not all yaoi fans are otaku, as there are some more casual readers. As ''fujoshi'' is the best-known term, it is often used by the Japanese media and by people outside of the otaku subculture to refer to female otaku as a group, regardless of whether they are fans of yaoi or not. This usage may be considered offensive by female otaku who are not yaoi fans.
Men who, like fujoshi, enjoy imagining relationships between characters (especially male ones) in fictional works when that relationship is not part of the author's intent may be called or , both of which are puns of similar construction to ''fujoshi''. Bara manga author Gengoroh Tagame
is a pseudonymous Japanese manga artist. Regarded as the most influential creator in the gay manga genre, he has produced over 20 books in four languages over the course of his nearly four decade-long career. Tagame began contributing manga ...
has said that men may choose a fudanshi label because it is more socially acceptable than coming out as gay.
Around 2020, fans began adopting the term "shipper" from English-speaking fandoms for its versatility, as it could be used for fan-preferred pairings of different genders.
As characters
and are used as characters in mostly -themed anime and manga, particularly those aimed at men. Popular titles include '' Tonari no 801-chan'', '' My Girlfriend's a Geek'', ''Kiss Him, Not Me
''Kiss Him, Not Me'', known in Japan as , is a Japanese romantic comedy '' shōjo'' manga series written and illustrated by Junko. It was serialzed in Kodansha's ''Bessatsu Friend'' magazine from April 2013 to February 2018. Fourteen ''tan ...
'' and ''The High School Life of a Fudanshi
is a Japanese ''yonkoma'' manga series written and drawn by Michinoku Atami. The manga is published online in Ichijinsha's ''Zero-Sum Online'' with first ''tankōbon'' format released on September 25, 2015. The manga is licensed in North Ameri ...
''. On the other hand, ''BL Metamorphosis
is a Japanese manga series by Kaori Tsurutani. ''BL Metamorphosis'' was serialized digitally in the monthly manga magazine ''Comic Newtype'' from November 17, 2017 to October 9, 2020. A live-action film adaptation premiered on June 17, 202 ...
'' and ''Princess Jellyfish
is a Japanese ''josei'' manga series written and illustrated by Akiko Higashimura. It was serialized in Kodansha's manga magazine ''Kiss'' from October 2008 to August 2017. The manga is licensed in North America by Kodansha USA. An 11-episo ...
'', which both contained characters and were aimed at a female audience, were praised for their female-centric view on the subculture. A TV series featuring a policewoman who is a , ''Fujoshi Deka'', has been broadcast.
''Yaoi'' and slash
Besides commercially published original material, Japanese yaoi also encompasses fan-made dōjinshi
, also romanized as ', is the Japanese term for self-published print works, such as magazines, manga, and novels. Part of a wider category of '' doujin'' (self-published) works, ''doujinshi'' are often derivative of existing works and created ...
, fanart, computer games, etc.; a large percentage of the dōjinshi offered at Comiket
, more commonly known as or , is a semiannual ''doujinshi'' convention in Tokyo, Japan. A grassroots market focused on the sale of '' doujin'' (self-published) works, Comiket is a not-for-profit fan convention administered by the volunteer-ru ...
are yaoi stories based on popular anime
is Traditional animation, hand-drawn and computer animation, computer-generated animation originating from Japan. Outside of Japan and in English, ''anime'' refers specifically to animation produced in Japan. However, in Japan and in Japane ...
and manga
Manga (Japanese: 漫画 ) are comics or graphic novels originating from Japan. Most manga conform to a style developed in Japan in the late 19th century, and the form has a long prehistory in earlier Japanese art. The term ''manga'' is u ...
series. This may be seen as a parallel development to slash fiction
Slash fiction (also known as "m/m slash") is a genre of fan fiction that focuses on romantic or sexual relationships between fictional characters of the same sex.Bacon-Smith, Camille. "Spock Among the Women." New York Times Sunday Book Review, ...
in the West. Although shōjo manga
is an editorial category of Japanese comics targeting an audience of adolescent females and young adult women. It is, along with manga (targeting adolescent boys), manga (targeting young adult and adult men), and manga (targeting adul ...
stories featuring romances between boys or young men were commercially published in Japan from the mid-1970s, and soon became a genre in their own right, the spread of yaoi though the Western fan community is generally linked to the pre-existing Western slash fiction community. In the mid-1980s, fan translations of the shōjo manga series ''From Eroica with Love
is a shōjo manga, ''shōjo'' manga by Yasuko Aoike which originally began publication in 1976 by Akita Shoten. The series ran irregularly in the Japanese anthology magazine ''Viva Princess'' from December 1976 to April 1979, then moved to t ...
'' began to circulate through the slash community via amateur press association
An amateur press association (APA) is a group of people who produce individual pages or zines that are sent to a Central Mailer for collation and distribution to all members of the group.
History
The first APAs were formed by groups of amateur pr ...
s,[ Thorn, Matthew. (2004]
“Girls And Women Getting Out Of Hand: The Pleasure And Politics Of Japan's Amateur Comics Community.”
pp. 169-186, In ''Fanning the Flames: Fans and Consumer Culture in Contemporary Japan'', William W. Kelly, ed., State University of New York
The State University of New York (SUNY, , ) is a system of public colleges and universities in the State of New York. It is one of the largest comprehensive system of universities, colleges, and community colleges in the United States. Led by c ...
Press. . Retrieved 12 August 2008.[Lee, Tammy (May 2001]
Tantalizing Translations - M.J. Johnson
''Sequential Tart'' creating a "tenuous link" between slash and yaoi. Although the English-speaking online yaoi fandom is observed to increasingly overlap with online slash fandom,[Youssef, Sandr]
Girls who like Boys who like Boys - Ethnography of Online Slash/Yaoi Fans
Honours Thesis for Bachelor of Arts
Bachelor of arts (BA or AB; from the Latin ', ', or ') is a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate program in the arts, or, in some cases, other disciplines. A Bachelor of Arts degree course is generally completed in three or four years ...
, Mount Holyoke College
Mount Holyoke College is a private liberal arts women's college in South Hadley, Massachusetts. It is the oldest member of the historic Seven Sisters colleges, a group of elite historically women's colleges in the Northeastern United States.
...
, 2004. slash fiction has portrayed adult males, whereas yaoi follows the aesthetic of the beautiful boy, often highlighting their youth. Mark McLelland describes this aesthetic as being seen as problematic in recent Western society
Leonardo da Vinci's ''Vitruvian Man''. Based on the correlations of ideal Body proportions">human proportions with geometry described by the ancient Roman architect Vitruvius in Book III of his treatise ''De architectura''.
image:Plato Pio-Cle ...
. Yaoi fans tend to be younger than slash fans, and so are less shocked about depictions of underage sexuality. Jessica Bauwens-Sugimoto detects a tendency in both yaoi and slash fandoms to disparage the others' heteronormativity
Heteronormativity is the concept that heterosexuality is the preferred or normal mode of sexual orientation. It assumes the gender binary (i.e., that there are only two distinct, opposite genders) and that sexual and marital relations are most ...
, potential for subversiveness or even the potential for enjoyment.
See also
*Anime and manga fandom
Anime and manga fandom (otherwise known as fan community) is a worldwide community of fans of anime and manga. Anime includes animated series, films and videos, while manga includes manga, graphic novels, drawings and related artworks. The anime a ...
*Fag hag
A fag hag is, in gay slang, a woman who associates either mostly or exclusively with gay and bisexual men. The phrase originated in gay male culture in the United States and was historically an insult. Some women who associate with gay men obje ...
*Fan loyalty
Fan loyalty is the loyalty felt and expressed by a fan towards the object of his/her fanaticism. Fan Loyalty is often used in the context of sports and the support of a specific team or institution. Fan loyalties can range from a passive support ...
* Fan service
*Shipping (fandom)
Shipping (derived from the word '' relationship'') is the desire by followers of a fandom for two or more people, either real-life people or fictional characters (in film, literature, television series, etc.), to be in a romantic or sexual relati ...
*Odagiri effect
The Odagiri effect is a television phenomenon in which a program attracts a larger than expected number of female viewers because the program stars attractive male actors or characters. It is named after the Japanese actor Joe Odagiri, who starr ...
*Otome Road
is a name given to an area of Ikebukuro, Tokyo, Japan that is a major shopping and cultural center for anime and manga aimed at women. The area is sometimes referred to as Fujoshi Street, referencing the name given to fans of yaoi.
Geography ...
References
Further reading
fujyoshi.jp
- Includes a glossary of fujoshi-specific terminology.
*
*
*
*
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Yaoi Fandom
Anime and manga fandom
Female stock characters in anime and manga
Yaoi