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Yakov Agarunov (russian: Агарунов Яков Михайлович , translit=; he, יעקב אגארונוב; 25 April 1907 – 31 May 1992) was a
Mountain Jew poet, playwright, political and public figure of
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan (, ; az, Azərbaycan ), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, , also sometimes officially called the Azerbaijan Republic is a transcontinental country located at the boundary of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is a part of t ...
, author of the new Mountain Jewish alphabet. He wrote in
Judeo-Tat
Judeo-Tat or Juhuri (''cuhuri'', , ) is the traditional language of the Mountain Jews of the eastern Caucasus Mountains, especially Azerbaijan and Dagestan, now mainly spoken in Israel.
The language is a dialect of Persian which belongs to the ...
.
[Agarunov Yakov Mikhailovich]
/ref>
In 1920 he became a komsomol activist and he participated in the work of an amateur drama club. From 1924 to 1925, he translated Uzeyir Hajibeyov
Uzeyir bey Abdulhuseyn oghlu Hajibeyov ( az, Üzeyir bəy Əbdülhüseyn oğlu Hacıbəyov; russian: Узеир Абдул-Гусейн оглы Гаджибеков, translit=Uzeir Abdul-Guseyn ogly Gadzhibekov; September 18, 1885November 23, 19 ...
's play "Arshin Mal Alan" from Azerbaijani into the Judeo-Tat
Judeo-Tat or Juhuri (''cuhuri'', , ) is the traditional language of the Mountain Jews of the eastern Caucasus Mountains, especially Azerbaijan and Dagestan, now mainly spoken in Israel.
The language is a dialect of Persian which belongs to the ...
language. in
Moscow
Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 millio ...
and
Baku. He graduated from the history department of the
Baku Pedagogical Institute and the Higher Party School under the Central Committee of the
All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks.
In 1932 he started to work in the apparatus of the Central Committee of the
Communist Party of Azerbaijan
The Azerbaijan Communist Party ( az, Azərbaycan Kommunist Partiyası; russian: Коммунистическая партия Азербайджана) was the ruling political party in the Azerbaijan SSR, making it effectively a branch of the ...
. From 1934 to 1938, Agarunov was the editor of the republican newspaper (russian: Коммунист, translit=) - "Communist" in the Judeo-Tat language; at the same time he worked as deputy director of the
State Azerbaijan State Publishing House (he oversaw the publication of all books in Judeo-Tat).
In 1937 Agarunov was elected a candidate member of the
Communist Party of Azerbaijan
The Azerbaijan Communist Party ( az, Azərbaycan Kommunist Partiyası; russian: Коммунистическая партия Азербайджана) was the ruling political party in the Azerbaijan SSR, making it effectively a branch of the ...
. From 1938 he worked as 1st secretary of the
Ordzhonikidzevsky’s district party committee. Agarunov was awarded the
Order of the Red Banner of Labour
The Order of the Red Banner of Labour (russian: Орден Трудового Красного Знамени, translit=Orden Trudovogo Krasnogo Znameni) was an order of the Soviet Union established to honour great deeds and services to th ...
.
In 1939 he became a member of the
Communist Party of Azerbaijan
The Azerbaijan Communist Party ( az, Azərbaycan Kommunist Partiyası; russian: Коммунистическая партия Азербайджана) was the ruling political party in the Azerbaijan SSR, making it effectively a branch of the ...
.
In 1941 he worked as the secretary of the Baku City Committee for the Oil Industry. For exemplary fulfillment of the government's assignment, Agarunov was awarded the
Order of the Badge of Honour
The Order of the Badge of Honour (russian: орден «Знак Почёта», orden "Znak Pochyota") was a civilian award of the Soviet Union.
It was established on 25 November 1935, and was conferred on citizens of the USSR for outstanding ...
.
In the fall of 1942, Agarunov was sent to develop virgin oil in the
Kuibyshev region, and was appointed secretary of the Kuibyshev regional committee of the
CPSU
"Hymn of the Bolshevik Party"
, headquarters = 4 Staraya Square, Moscow
, general_secretary = Vladimir Lenin (first) Mikhail Gorbachev (last)
, founded =
, banned =
, founder = Vladimir Lenin
, newspaper ...
for the oil industry. For exemplary fulfillment of the task of the Party and government in wartime, Agarunov was awarded the
Order of Lenin
The Order of Lenin (russian: Орден Ленина, Orden Lenina, ), named after the leader of the Russian October Revolution, was established by the Central Executive Committee on April 6, 1930. The order was the highest civilian decoration ...
.
From 1947 to 1950, Agarunov worked as the secretary of the Baku City Party Committee.
From 1963 to 1971, Agarunov worked as deputy director of the All-Union Scientific Research Institute for Oil Industry Safety.
After retirement, Agarunov continued to engage in public and journalistic activities, and was a member of the Committee for the Revolutionary Glory of the Republic of Azerbaijan.
Agarunov stood at the origins of Judeo-Tat literature. Using the poetics of folklore, he tried to fill his works with actualities, in the spirit of official policy and public content.
He led a group of compilers of the Judeo-Tat alphabet based on Latin that was adopted at the Second All-Union Conference on Cultural Building among Mountain Jews (April 1929, Baku).
He compiled the Judeo-Tat - Russian and Russian - Judeo-Tat dictionaries in 8,000 words.
Agarunov wrote memoirs (russian: Нефть и Победа, translit=) - "Oil and Victory" (Baku, 1991), (russian: Большая судьба маленького народа, translit=) - "The Big Fate of a Small People" (Moscow, 1995), (russian: Как создавалась татская литература, translit=) - "How Judeo-Tat Literature Was Created". From 1974 to 1977, the almanac (
Juhuri
Judeo-Tat or Juhuri (''cuhuri'', , ) is the traditional language of the Mountain Jews of the eastern Caucasus Mountains, especially Azerbaijan and Dagestan, now mainly spoken in Israel.
The language is a dialect of Persian which belongs to the ...
:''Ватан Советиму'') - "The Soviet Motherland" published excerpts of his works in the Judeo-Tat language.
Notable works
*The poem (
Juhuri
Judeo-Tat or Juhuri (''cuhuri'', , ) is the traditional language of the Mountain Jews of the eastern Caucasus Mountains, especially Azerbaijan and Dagestan, now mainly spoken in Israel.
The language is a dialect of Persian which belongs to the ...
:''Ковтэр'') - "Dove", 1920.
*The satirical comedy (Juhuri:''Падшох, рабби ва-ошир'') - "King, Rabbi and the Rich Man"; 1920.
*The play (Juhuri:''Тахзир кини'') - "Whose fault?", another name is (russian: Слёзы радости, translit=) - "Tears of Joy"; 1928.
*The poem (Juhuri:''Духдар доги'') - "Mountain Girl", 1928.
Selected publications
*Agarunov Ya. M. "The Big Fate of a Small People" About Mountain Jews: (Memoirs). Publishing house - Choro, 1995. 154 p. 2000 copies. – .
*Agarunov Ya. M. "Heroic deeds of Azerbaijani oilmen during the Great Patriotic War." Baku: publishing house - "Azerneshr", 1982. 107 p. 4000 copies., , "Oil and Victory": (About the heroic accomplishments of Azerbaijani oilmen during the
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...
.) Baku: publishing house - "Azerneshr", 1991. 166 p. 5000 copies.
*Agarunov Ya. M. "How the Judeo-Tat literature was created" // (
Juhuri
Judeo-Tat or Juhuri (''cuhuri'', , ) is the traditional language of the Mountain Jews of the eastern Caucasus Mountains, especially Azerbaijan and Dagestan, now mainly spoken in Israel.
The language is a dialect of Persian which belongs to the ...
:''Ватан Советиму'') - "The Soviet Motherland". 1974–1977. (excerpts; in Judeo-Tat)
*Agarunov Ya. M., Agarunov M. Ya. "Large dictionary of the language of Mountain Jews". Book I.
Juhuri
Judeo-Tat or Juhuri (''cuhuri'', , ) is the traditional language of the Mountain Jews of the eastern Caucasus Mountains, especially Azerbaijan and Dagestan, now mainly spoken in Israel.
The language is a dialect of Persian which belongs to the ...
-Russian dictionary; Book II. Russian-Juhuri dictionary.
Pyatigorsk
Pyatigorsk (russian: Пятиго́рск; Circassian: Псыхуабэ, ''Psıxwabæ'') is a city in Stavropol Krai, Russia located on the Podkumok River, about from the town of Mineralnye Vody where there is an international airport and about ...
: publishing house - PERO "Geula"; RIA-KMV, 2010. 660 p.
Large dictionary of the language of Mountain Jews - Juhuri
/ref>
* Agarunov Ya. M., Agarunov M. Ya. "Judeo-Tat-Russian dictionary". 9000 words. Jewish University in Moscow, 1997. 204 p.
Awards
*Order of Lenin
The Order of Lenin (russian: Орден Ленина, Orden Lenina, ), named after the leader of the Russian October Revolution, was established by the Central Executive Committee on April 6, 1930. The order was the highest civilian decoration ...
*Order of the Red Banner of Labour
The Order of the Red Banner of Labour (russian: Орден Трудового Красного Знамени, translit=Orden Trudovogo Krasnogo Znameni) was an order of the Soviet Union established to honour great deeds and services to th ...
*Order of the Badge of Honour
The Order of the Badge of Honour (russian: орден «Знак Почёта», orden "Znak Pochyota") was a civilian award of the Soviet Union.
It was established on 25 November 1935, and was conferred on citizens of the USSR for outstanding ...
*Medal "For the Defence of the Caucasus"
The Medal "For the Defence of the Caucasus" (russian: Медаль «За оборону Кавказа») was a World War II campaign medal of the Soviet Union.
Medal history
The Medal "For the Defence of the Caucasus" was established on May ...
*
*
*
*Medal "Veteran of Labour"
The Medal "Veteran of Labour" (russian: медаль «Ветеран труда») was a civilian labour award of the Soviet Union established on January 18, 1974 by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR to honour workers ...
*Badge "50 years in the CPSU
"Hymn of the Bolshevik Party"
, headquarters = 4 Staraya Square, Moscow
, general_secretary = Vladimir Lenin (first) Mikhail Gorbachev (last)
, founded =
, banned =
, founder = Vladimir Lenin
, newspaper ...
"
*Personal pensioner of union significance
External links
Agarunov Yakov Mikhailovich - Soviet party leader, organizer of the oil industry, writerAgarunov, Yakov
- Shorter Jewish Encyclopedia
The ''Shorter Jewish Encyclopedia'' (''SJE''; russian: Краткая еврейская энциклопедия, Kratkaya Yevreyskaya Entsiklopedia) was published in 11 volumes in Jerusalem from 1976 to 2005 in Russian by the Society for Resear ...
Russian writers of Israel. Yakov Agarunov
* Judeo-Tat literature
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Agarunov, Yakov
1907 births
1992 deaths
Mountain Jews
Judeo-Tat poets
Judeo-Tat playwrights
Jewish writers
Soviet poets
Soviet writers
Soviet male writers
Soviet dramatists and playwrights
20th-century male writers
Burials in Baku
Communist Party of the Soviet Union members
Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University alumni
Azerbaijani poets
Azerbaijani dramatists and playwrights
Translators to Judeo-Tat
Soviet translators
Azerbaijani translators
Translators from Azerbaijani
Soviet editors
Azerbaijani editors
Recipients of the Order of Lenin
Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour