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The various
ethnolinguistic groups An ethnolinguistic group (or ethno-linguistic group) is a group that is unified by both a common ethnicity and language. Most ethnic groups share a first language. However, "ethnolinguistic" is often used to emphasise that language is a major ba ...
found in the
Caucasus The Caucasus () or Caucasia (), is a region between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, mainly comprising Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and parts of Southern Russia. The Caucasus Mountains, including the Greater Caucasus range, have historically ...
,
Central Asia Central Asia, also known as Middle Asia, is a subregion, region of Asia that stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to western China and Mongolia in the east, and from Afghanistan and Iran in the south to Russia in the north. It includes t ...
,
Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a Continent#Subcontinents, subcontinent of Eurasia ...
, the
Middle East The Middle East ( ar, الشرق الأوسط, ISO 233: ) is a geopolitical region commonly encompassing Arabian Peninsula, Arabia (including the Arabian Peninsula and Bahrain), Anatolia, Asia Minor (Asian part of Turkey except Hatay Pro ...
,
North Africa North Africa, or Northern Africa is a region encompassing the northern portion of the African continent. There is no singularly accepted scope for the region, and it is sometimes defined as stretching from the Atlantic shores of Mauritania in ...
and/or
South Asia South Asia is the southern subregion of Asia, which is defined in both geographical and ethno-cultural terms. The region consists of the countries of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.;;;;;;;; ...
demonstrate differing rates of particular
Y-DNA The Y chromosome is one of two sex chromosomes (allosomes) in therian mammals, including humans, and many other animals. The other is the X chromosome. Y is normally the sex-determining chromosome in many species, since it is the presence or abse ...
haplogroup A haplotype is a group of alleles in an organism that are inherited together from a single parent, and a haplogroup (haploid from the el, ἁπλοῦς, ''haploûs'', "onefold, simple" and en, group) is a group of similar haplotypes that share ...
s. In the table below, the first two columns identify
ethnolinguistic group An ethnolinguistic group (or ethno-linguistic group) is a group that is unified by both a common ethnicity and language. Most ethnic groups share a first language. However, "ethnolinguistic" is often used to emphasise that language is a major bas ...
s. Subsequent columns represent the
sample size Sample size determination is the act of choosing the number of observations or Replication (statistics), replicates to include in a statistical sample. The sample size is an important feature of any empirical study in which the goal is to make stat ...
(''n'') of the study or studies cited, and the
percentage In mathematics, a percentage (from la, per centum, "by a hundred") is a number or ratio expressed as a fraction of 100. It is often denoted using the percent sign, "%", although the abbreviations "pct.", "pct" and sometimes "pc" are also us ...
of each haplogroup found in that particular sample. (Data from studies conducted before 2004 may be inaccurate or a broad estimate, due to obsolete haplogroup naming systems – e.g. the former ''Haplogroup 2'' included members of the relatively unrelated haplogroups known later as Haplogroup G and macrohaplogroup IJ hich comprises haplogroups I and J)


See also

*
Genetics Genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms.Hartl D, Jones E (2005) It is an important branch in biology because heredity is vital to organisms' evolution. Gregor Mendel, a Moravian Augustinian friar wor ...
**
Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup In human genetics, a human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup is a haplogroup defined by differences in human mitochondrial DNA. Haplogroups are used to represent the major branch points on the mitochondrial phylogenetic tree. Understanding the evolu ...
s **
Human genome The human genome is a complete set of nucleic acid sequences for humans, encoded as DNA within the 23 chromosome pairs in cell nuclei and in a small DNA molecule found within individual mitochondria. These are usually treated separately as the n ...
**
Genetic genealogy Genetic genealogy is the use of genealogical DNA tests, i.e., DNA profiling and DNA testing, in combination with traditional genealogical methods, to infer genetic relationships between individuals. This application of genetics came to be used b ...
**
Genealogical DNA test A genealogical DNA test is a DNA-based test used in genetic genealogy that looks at specific locations of a person's genome in order to find or verify ancestral genealogical relationships, or (with lower reliability) to estimate the ethnic mixt ...
ing **
Race and genetics Researchers have investigated the relationship between race and genetics as part of efforts to understand how biology may or may not contribute to human racial categorization. Many constructions of race are associated with phenotypical traits an ...
*
Genetic history Archaeogenetics is the study of ancient DNA using various molecular genetic methods and DNA resources. This form of genetic analysis can be applied to human, animal, and plant specimens. Ancient DNA can be extracted from various fossilized specimen ...
*
Timeline of human evolution The timeline of human evolution outlines the major events in the evolutionary lineage of the modern human species, ''Homo sapiens'', throughout the history of life, beginning some 4 billion years ago down to recent evolution within ''H. sapiens ...
**
Recent African origin of modern humans In paleoanthropology, the recent African origin of modern humans, also called the "Out of Africa" theory (OOA), recent single-origin hypothesis (RSOH), replacement hypothesis, or recent African origin model (RAO), is the dominant model of the ...
**
Genetic history of the British Isles The genetic history of the British Isles is the subject of research within the larger field of human population genetics. It has developed in parallel with DNA testing technologies capable of identifying genetic similarities and differences betwee ...
**
Genetic history of the Middle East The genetic history of the Middle East is the subject of research within the fields of human population genomics, archaeogenetics and Middle Eastern studies. Researchers use Y-DNA, mtDNA, and other autosomal DNAs to identify the genetic hist ...
**
Genetics and archaeogenetics of South Asia Genetics and archaeogenetics of South Asia is the study of the genetics and archaeogenetics of the ethnic groups of South Asia. It aims at uncovering these groups' genetic history. The geographic position of South Asia makes its biodiversity imp ...
**
Genetic history of Europe The Genetic history of Europe deals with the formation, ethnogenesis, and other DNA-specific information about populations indigenous, or living in Europe. The most significant recent dispersal of modern humans from Africa gave rise to an u ...
**
Genetic history of Italy The genetic history of Italy is greatly influenced by geography and history. The ancestors of Italians are mostly Indo-European languages, Indo-European speakers (Italic peoples such as Latins (Italic tribe), Latins, Falisci, Picentes, Umbri, Um ...
** Genetic history of indigenous peoples of the Americas **
Genetic studies on Jews Genetic studies on Jews are part of the population genetics Population genetics is a subfield of genetics that deals with genetic differences within and between populations, and is a part of evolutionary biology. Studies in this branch of biol ...
* Lists of Y-DNA haplogroups according to their distribution **
List of haplogroups of historical and famous figures This is a list of haplogroups of historic people. Haplogroups can be determined from the remains of historical figures, or derived from genealogical DNA tests of people who trace their direct maternal or paternal ancestry to a noted historical fi ...
*
Y-chromosome haplogroups in populations of the world The following articles are lists of human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups found in populations around the world. * Y-DNA haplogroups by ethnic group *Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of Europe * Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of the Near East *Y ...
**
Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of Europe Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of Europe are haplogroups of the male Y-chromosome found in European populations. Frequencies in European ethnic groups The table below shows the human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups, based on relevant studies, for ...
**
Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of the Near East Listed here are notable ethnic groups and populations from Western Asia, Egypt and South Caucasus by human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups based on relevant studies. The samples are taken from individuals identified with the ethnic and linguistic desig ...
**
Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of North Africa Listed here are the human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups found in various Ethnic groups in Africa, ethnic groups and populations from North Africa and Sahel (Tuaregs). By population By samples from country Samples over-represent the smaller popul ...
**
Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of South Asia Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of South Asia are haplogroups of the male Y-chromosome found in South Asian populations. Major Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups in South Asia South Asia, located on the crossroads of Western Eurasia and Eastern Eura ...
**
Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of Central and North Asia Research into the predominant human Y-DNA haplogroups of Central Asia and North Asia, broken down according to both individual publications and ethnolinguistic groups, are summarized in the table below. The first two columns of the table list et ...
**
Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of East and Southeast Asia The tables below provide statistics on the human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups most commonly found among ethnolinguistic groups and populations from East and South-East Asia. ST means Sino-Tibetan languages. Main table Austronesian and Tai-Kadai ...
**
Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of Sub-Saharan Africa The proportions of various human Y-DNA haplogroups vary significantly from one ethnic or language group to another in Africa. Data in the table below are based on genetic research. Each group sampled is identified in the second column by linguist ...
**
Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of Oceania Listed here are notable ethnic groups and native populations from the Oceania ( Pacific Islands and Australia) and East Indonesia by human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups based on relevant studies. See also *Oceania **Languages of Oceania ** Demo ...
** Y-DNA haplogroups in indigenous peoples of the Americas ** Haplogroup G (Y-DNA) by country


References


External links


World Haplogroups Maps

Phylogeography of Y-Chromosome Haplogroup I Reveals Distinct Domains of Prehistoric Gene Flow in Europe

Phylogeographic Analysis of Haplogroup E3b (E-M215) Y Chromosomes Reveals Multiple Migratory Events Within and Out Of Africa

Y-chromosome haplogroup N dispersals from south Siberia to Europe

A Synthesis of Haplogroup R2

High-Resolution Phylogenetic Analysis of Southeastern Europe (SEE) Traces Major Episodes of Paternal Gene Flow Among Slavic Populations

A prehistory of Indian Y chromosomes: Evaluating demic diffusion scenarios
- Appears to be Indian nationalistic declined ...
Polarity and Temporality of High-Resolution Y-Chromosome Distributions in India Identify Both Indigenous and Exogenous Expansions and Reveal Minor Genetic Influence of Central Asian Pastoralists

Mitochondrial DNA and Y-Chromosome Variation in the Caucasus

YunusbaevBB

Map and tree based upon the current YCC 2003 tree



Frequencies of Haplogroup I and its Subhaplogroups
{{human genetics Human Y-DNA haplogroups, * Ethnic groups Genetic genealogy Race (human categorization) Genetics-related lists