Xayar County,, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency also Shayar County or, from

Mandarin Chinese Mandarin (; ) is a group of Chinese (Sinitic) dialects that are natively spoken across most of northern and southwestern China. The group includes the Beijing dialect, the basis of the phonology of Standard Chinese, the official language of ...

, Shaya, is a county in the

Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region Xinjiang, SASM/GNC: ''Xinjang''; zh, c=, p=Xīnjiāng; formerly romanized as Sinkiang (, ), officially the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR), is an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China (PRC), located in the northwest ...

and is under the administration of the

Aqsu Prefecture Aksu PrefectureThe official spelling according to is located in mid-Western Xinjiang, People's Republic of China. It has an area of and 2.37 million inhabitants at the 2010 census whom 535,657 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made up of A ...

. It contains an area of . According to the 2004 census it has a population of 210,000.

History

In 1902, Xayar County was established. In March 1964, Tarim Farm () was founded. In 1970, Tarim Farm was renamed Nong Yi Shi 15th Regiment (). In 1973, Nong Yi Shi 15th Regiment was renamed Third Laogai Detachment (). As of 1982, the prison had a cotton processing factory. In 1985, Third Laogai Detachment was renamed Tarim Laogai Detachment (). In 1994, Tarim Laogai Detachment was renamed Tarim Prison (). On July 15, 1996, a prison rebellion in Xayar County led to the deaths of fifteen. In 1998, Tarim Prison was renamed

Xayar Prison Xayar County,, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency also Shayar County or, from Mandarin Chinese, Shaya, is a county in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administration of the Aqsu Prefecture. It contains an ...

(). In June 2008, Gezqum Township (Gaizikumu) was established. On December 30, 2008, the township's government started operation. In 2011, Yantaqsheher Township (Yangtakexiehai'er) was established. In 2012, Xadadong (Hadedun) was established. On February 25, 2013, the town's government started operation. According to ''

Radio Free Asia Radio Free Asia (RFA) is a United States government-funded private non-profit news service that broadcasts radio programs and publishes online news, information, and commentary for its audiences in Asia. The service, which provides editoriall ...

'', in January 2014 after Uyghur residents were reportedly forced to bow to a

flag of China The National Flag of the People's Republic of China, also known as the Five-star Red Flag, is a Chinese red field with five golden stars charged at the canton. The design features one large star, with four smaller stars in an arc set off tow ...

before worshipping at Xaniqa mosque in Yengimehelle township, three Uyghur youths burned the flag. Raids on Uyghur homes searching for the youths continued into 2015. Authorities warned residents not to discuss the flagburning incident. On May 26, 2014, Gulbagh (Gulebage), then a township, was made a town. In an

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report, between 2017 and 2019, three cemeteries in Xayar County were among dozens of Uyghur cemeteries destroyed in Xinjiang. The unearthed human bones from the cemeteries in Xayar County were discarded.

Administrative divisions

, Xayar County included seven

towns A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world. Origin and use The word "town" shares an ori ...

, four

townships A township is a kind of human settlement or administrative subdivision, with its meaning varying in different countries. Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, that tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, Ca ...

and four other areas: Towns ( / ): *

Xayar Town Xayar County,, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency also Shayar County or, from Mandarin Chinese, Shaya, is a county in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administration of the Aqsu Prefecture. It contains an ...

(Shayar, Shaya; / ),

Toyboldi Toyboldi, also Toy Boldi (); or from Mandarin Tuoyi Baoledi, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (Tuoyibaoledi ) is a Town (China), town in Xayar County (Shayar, Shaya), Aksu Prefecture, Xi ...

(Tuoyi Baoledi, Tuoyibaoledi; / , formerly ), Qizilbayraq (Hongqi; / , formerly ), Yengimehelle (Yingmaili; / , formerly ), Xadadong (Hadedun; / ), Gülbag (Gulebage, Gulbagh; / , formerly ), Qaylor (Hailou; / , formerly ) Townships ( / ): * Nurbagh Township (Nu'erbage; / ),

Tarim Township Tarim may refer to: *Tarim, Hadhramaut, a city in Yemen *Tarim District, Yemen *Tarim River, China *Tarim Basin, China ** Tarim mummies, a series of mummies which have been excavated at Niya, an oasis in the Tarim Basin *Tarim, the monotheistic god ...

(Talimu; / ), Gezqum Township (Gaizikumu; / ), Yantaqsheher Township (Yangtakexiehai'er; / ) Other areas * Xinken Farm (), No. 2 Pasture (),

(Xinjiang Shaya Prison, ), Xayar County Industrial Zone ()

Climate

Economy

Agriculture and animal husbandry are equally strong in the county. Agricultural products include wheat, corn and cotton as well as melons, ''yema'' (), walnut,

velvet antler Velvet antler is the whole cartilaginous antler in a precalcified growth stage of the Cervidae family including the species of deer such as elk, moose, and caribou. Velvet antler is covered in a hairy, velvet-like "skin" known as velvet and its t ...

muskrat The muskrat (''Ondatra zibethicus'') is a medium-sized semiaquatic rodent native to North America and an introduced species in parts of Europe, Asia, and South America. The muskrat is found in wetlands over a wide range of climates and habitat ...

, and

licorice root Liquorice (British English) or licorice (American English) ( ; also ) is the common name of ''Glycyrrhiza glabra'', a flowering plant of the bean family Fabaceae, from the root of which a sweet, aromatic flavouring can be extracted. The li ...

. The county is the main location for Sanbei Sheep () lambskin production. Industries include knitting, leather making, food processing and others. The seven major speciality products of the county include Tarim Huyang, cotton, red deer, dates,

Karakul sheep Karakul or Qaraqul (named after Qorakoʻl, a city in Bukhara Region in Uzbekistan) is a breed of domestic sheep which originated in Central Asia. Some archaeological evidence points to Karakul sheep being raised there continuously since 1400 BC ...

salt cedar The genus ''Tamarix'' (tamarisk, salt cedar, taray) is composed of about 50–60 species of flowering plants in the family Tamaricaceae, native to drier areas of Eurasia and Africa. The generic name originated in Latin and may refer to the Tam ...

, and sword-leaf dogbane. , there was about 45,900 acres (303,747 '' mu'') of cultivated land in Xayar.

Demographics

As of 2015, 230,129 of the 274,382 residents of the county were Uyghur, 41,463 were

Han Chinese The Han Chinese () or Han people (), are an East Asian ethnic group native to China. They constitute the world's largest ethnic group, making up about 18% of the global population and consisting of various subgroups speaking distinctive va ...

and 2,790 were from other ethnic groups. Most residents of Xayar are Muslim Uyghurs. As of 1999, 84.05% of the population of Xayar (Shaya) County was Uyghur and 14.6% of the population was Han Chinese.

Transportation

* China National Highway 217

Historical maps

Historical English-language maps including Xayar: File:STANFORD(1917) p61 PLATE19. SINKIANG (14597194848).jpg, Map including Xayar (labeled as Shahyar) (1917) File:A-k`o-su NK-44 (1950) - panoramio.jpg, Map including Xayar and surrounding region from the

International Map of the World The International Map of the World or IMW (also called the Millionth Map of the World, after its scale of 1:1 000 000) was a project to create a complete map of the world according to internationally agreed standards. It was first proposed by th ...

(

AMS AMS or Ams may refer to: Organizations Companies * Alenia Marconi Systems * American Management Systems * AMS (Advanced Music Systems) * ams AG, semiconductor manufacturer * AMS Pictures * Auxiliary Medical Services Educational institutions * A ...

, 1950) File:Txu-pclmaps-oclc-22834566 f-6c.jpg, Map including Xayar ( DMA, 1981) File:Operational Navigation Chart F-6, 6th edition.jpg, From the Operational Navigation Chart; map including Xayar (labeled as Sha-ya (Xayar)) ( DMA, 1985)

Notes

References

{{authority control County-level divisions of Xinjiang Aksu Prefecture