''Xyleborus'' is by far the largest
ambrosia beetle
Ambrosia beetles are beetles of the weevil subfamilies Scolytinae and Platypodinae ( Coleoptera, Curculionidae), which live in nutritional symbiosis with ambrosia fungi. The beetles excavate tunnels in dead, stressed, and healthy trees in wh ...
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...
in the
tribe
The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English language, English is in the discipline of anthropology. This definition is contested, in p ...
Xyleborini
Xyleborini are a tribe (biology), tribe of ambrosia beetles (alternatively called subtribe Xyleborina of tribe Scolytini), highly specialized weevils of the subfamily Scolytinae. Much of the ambrosia beetle fauna in Eurasia and the Americas consi ...
, with over 500
species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...
.
[MSU (2004)]
''Xyleborus'' nowadays includes a number of formerly independent genera. In addition, the genera ''
Coptoborus'', ''
Cryptoxyleborus'' and ''
Euwallacea'' are often included here, too; this may be correct, as they seem to be closely related. Less often, ''
Ambrosiodmus'', ''
Premnobius'' and ''
Xyleborinus'' are included in ''Xyleborus'', but they seem to be well distinct; ''Premnobius'' might even not belong to the Xyleborini at all.
The different species can be best differentiated by the gallery burrows they build and the tree species they infest. A significant member, ''
X. dispar'', causes
pear blight.
Selected species
* ''
Xyleborus affinis
''Xyleborus affinis'', the sugarcane shot-hole borer, is a species of typical ambrosia beetle in the family Curculionidae
The Curculionidae are a family of weevils, commonly called snout beetles or true weevils. They are one of the largest ani ...
''
Eichhoff, 1868
* ''
Xyleborus atratus''
Eichhoff, 1875
* ''
Xyleborus californicus''
Wood, 1975 - may belong in ''
Cyclorhipidion''
* ''
Xyleborus celsus
''Xyleborus celsus'' is a species of typical bark beetle in the family Curculionidae. It is found in North America
North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bo ...
''
Eichhoff, 1868
* ''
Xyleborus cryptographus
''Xyleborus'' may refer to:
* ''Xyleborus'' (beetle), a genus of bark beetles
* ''Xyleborus'' (lichen), a genus of lichens
{{Genus disambiguation ...
''
(Ratzeburg, 1837)
* ''
Xyleborus dispar''
(Fabricius, 1792)
* ''
Xyleborus dryographus
''Xyleborus'' may refer to:
* ''Xyleborus'' (beetle), a genus of bark beetles
* ''Xyleborus'' (lichen), a genus of lichens
{{Genus disambiguation ...
''
(Ratzeburg, 1837)
* ''
Xyleborus eurygraphus
''Xyleborus'' may refer to:
* ''Xyleborus'' (beetle), a genus of bark beetles
* ''Xyleborus'' (lichen), a genus of lichens
{{Genus disambiguation ...
''
(Ratzeburg, 1837)
* ''
Xyleborus ferrugineus
''Xyleborus ferrugineus'' is a species of typical bark beetle in the family Curculionidae
The Curculionidae are a family of weevils, commonly called snout beetles or true weevils. They are one of the largest animal families, with 6,800 genera ...
''
(Fabricius, 1801)
* ''
Xyleborus glabratus
''Xyleborus glabratus'', the redbay ambrosia beetle, is a type of ambrosia beetle invasive in the United States. It has been documented as the primary vector of ''Raffaelea lauricola'', the fungus that causes laurel wilt, a disease that can kil ...
''
Eichhoff, 1877
* ''
Xyleborus horridus
''Xyleborus horridus'' is a species of typical bark beetle in the family Curculionidae. It is found in North America
North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is ...
''
Eichhoff, 1869
* ''
Xyleborus impressus
''Xyleborus'' may refer to:
* ''Xyleborus'' (beetle), a genus of bark beetles
* ''Xyleborus'' (lichen), a genus of lichens
{{Genus disambiguation ...
''
Eichhoff, 1868
* ''
Xyleborus intrusus
''Xyleborus intrusus'' is a species of typical bark beetle in the family Curculionidae. It is found in North America
North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is ...
''
Blandford, 1898
* ''
Xyleborus inurbanus
''Xyleborus'' may refer to:
* ''Xyleborus'' (beetle), a genus of bark beetles
* ''Xyleborus'' (lichen), a genus of lichens
{{Genus disambiguation ...
''
(Broun, 1880)
* ''
Xyleborus monographus
''Xyleborus monographus'', the ''Mediterranean oak borer'', is a species of ambrosia beetle in the family Curculionidae.
It is native to oaks in the regions around the Mediterranean Sea, but since 2019 has been found in California, where the oak ...
''
(Fabricius, 1792)
* ''
Xyleborus obesus''
LeConte, 1868
* ''
Xyleborus pelliculosus''
Eichhoff, 1878 - may belong in ''Cyclorhipidion''
* ''
Xyleborus perforans''
(Wollaston, 1857)
* ''
Xyleborus pfeilii''
(Ratzeburg, 1837)
* ''
Xyleborus planicollis''
Zimmermann, 1868
* ''
Xyleborus pubescens''
Zimmermann, 1868
* ''
Xyleborus sayi''
(Hopkins, 1915)
* ''
Xyleborus similis''
Ferrari, 1867
* ''
Xyleborus viduus''
Eichhoff, 1878
* ''
Xyleborus volvulus''
(Fabricius, 1775)
* ''
Xyleborus xylographus''
(Say, 1826)
See also
*
List of Xyleborus species
Footnotes
References
* (2004): PEET Xyleborini
''Xyleborus'' species list Retrieved 2008-JUL-08.
Scolytinae
{{Scolytinae-stub