Xyleborini are a

tribe The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. This definition is contested, in part due to confl ...

ambrosia beetle Ambrosia beetles are beetles of the weevil subfamilies Scolytinae and Platypodinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), which live in nutritional symbiosis with ambrosia fungi. The beetles excavate tunnels in dead, stressed, and healthy trees in which t ...

s (alternatively called subtribe Xyleborina of tribe Scolytini), highly specialized

weevil Weevils are beetles belonging to the superfamily Curculionoidea, known for their elongated snouts. They are usually small, less than in length, and herbivorous. Approximately 97,000 species of weevils are known. They belong to several families, ...

s of the subfamily

Scolytinae A bark beetle is the common name for the subfamily of beetles Scolytinae. Previously, this was considered a distinct family (Scolytidae), but is now understood to be a specialized clade of the "true weevil" family ( Curculionidae). Although th ...

. Much of the

fauna Fauna is all of the animal life present in a particular region or time. The corresponding term for plants is ''flora'', and for fungi, it is '' funga''. Flora, fauna, funga and other forms of life are collectively referred to as ''biota''. Zoo ...

Eurasia Eurasia (, ) is the largest continental area on Earth, comprising all of Europe and Asia. Primarily in the Northern and Eastern Hemispheres, it spans from the British Isles and the Iberian Peninsula in the west to the Japanese archipelag ...

and the Americas consists of Xyleborini

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of ...

. Some Xyleborini are notorious

invasive species An invasive species otherwise known as an alien is an introduced organism that becomes overpopulated and harms its new environment. Although most introduced species are neutral or beneficial with respect to other species, invasive species adv ...

. Most

genera Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial ...

are small or even

monotypic In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unispec ...

, and contain 1-8 dozen species. The

type genus In biological taxonomy, the type genus is the genus which defines a biological family and the root of the family name. Zoological nomenclature According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, "The name-bearing type of a nomina ...

'' Xyleborus'' contains over 500 species, but it is an unnatural grouping of unrelated species. Key for the world genera of Xyleborini available through a North Carolina State University website.

Genera

* ''

Amasa Amasa (עמשא) or Amessai is a person mentioned in the Hebrew Bible. His mother was Abigail (), a sister of King David (). Hence, Amasa was a nephew of David, and cousin of Joab, David's military commander, as well as a cousin of Absalom, Dav ...

'' Lea 1893 * ''

Ambrosiodmus ''Ambrosiodmus'' is a genus of typical bark beetles in the family Curculionidae The Curculionidae are a family of weevils, commonly called snout beetles or true weevils. They are one of the largest animal families, with 6,800 genera and 83,000 ...

'' Hopkins, 1915 - sometimes included in ''Xyleborus'' * '' Ambrosiophilus'' Hulcr & Cognato 2009 * '' Arixyleborus'' Hopkins 1915 * '' Beaverium'' Hulcr & Cognato 2009 * '' Diuncus'' Hulcr & Cognato 2009 * ''

Cnestus ''Cnestus'' is a genus of ambrosia beetles Ambrosia beetles are beetles of the weevil subfamilies Scolytinae and Platypodinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), which live in nutritional symbiosis with ambrosia fungi. The beetles excavate tunnels in ...

'' Sampson 1911 * '' Coptoborus'' Hopkins, 1915 * ''

Coptodryas ''Coptodryas'' is a genus of ambrosia beetles in the tribe Xyleborini (highly specialized weevils of the subfamily Scolytinae A bark beetle is the common name for the subfamily of beetles Scolytinae. Previously, this was considered a distin ...

'' Hopkins 1915 * '' Cryptoxyleborus'' Schedl, 1937 * ''

Cyclorhipidion ''Cyclorhipidion'' is a genus of beetles belonging to the family Curculionidae. The genus has almost cosmopolitan distribution In biogeography, cosmopolitan distribution is the term for the range of a taxon that extends across all or most o ...

'' Hagedorn, 1912 - includes ''Terminalinus'' * '' Dryocoetoides'' Hopkins 1915 * '' Dryoxylon'' Bright & Rabaglia 1999 * '' Eccoptopterus'' Motschulsky 1863 * '' Euwallacea'' Hopkins, 1915 - often included in ''Xyleborus'' * '' Hadrodemius'' Wood 1980 * '' Leptoxyleborus'' Wood 1980 * '' Microperus'' Wood 1980 * '' Pseudowebbia'' Browne 1962 * ''

Sampsonius ''Sampsonius'' is a genus of beetles belonging to the family Curculionidae The Curculionidae are a family of weevils, commonly called snout beetles or true weevils. They are one of the largest animal families, with 6,800 genera and 83,000 spec ...

'' Eggers 1935 * '' Schedlia'' Browne 1950 * '' Streptocranus'' Schedl 1939 * '' Taphrodasus'' Wood 1980 * '' Taurodemus'' Wood 1980 * '' Theoborus'' Hopkins 1915 * '' Webbia'' Hopkins 1915 * ''

Xyleborinus ''Xyleborinus'' is a genus of typical bark beetles in the family Curculionidae The Curculionidae are a family of weevils, commonly called snout beetles or true weevils. They are one of the largest animal families, with 6,800 genera and 83,000 ...

'' Reitter, 1913 * '' Xyleborus'' - possibly

paraphyletic In taxonomy (general), taxonomy, a group is paraphyletic if it consists of the group's most recent common ancestor, last common ancestor and most of its descendants, excluding a few Monophyly, monophyletic subgroups. The group is said to be pa ...

with ''Cyclorhipidion'' * ''

Xylosandrus ''Xylosandrus'' is a genus of beetles with approximately 54 species globally. The type species is '' Xyleborus morigerus'' (Blandford) 1894. Selected species * '' Xylosandrus abruptoides'' (Schedl) 1955 * '' Xylosandrus abruptulus'' (Schedl) 195 ...

'' Reitter, 1913

References

Footnotes

* Genus list from (2004): PEET Xyleborini
Genus list
Retrieved 2008-JUL-08. Scolytinae {{Scolytinae-stub