Xuanhua is an
urban district
Urban district may refer to:
* District
* Urban area
* Quarter (urban subdivision)
* Neighbourhood
Specific subdivisions in some countries:
* Urban districts of Denmark
* Urban districts of Germany
* Urban district (Great Britain and Ireland) (hist ...
of
Zhangjiakou
Zhangjiakou (; ; ) also known as Kalgan and by several other names, is a prefecture-level city in northwestern Hebei province in Northern China, bordering Beijing to the southeast, Inner Mongolia to the north and west, and Shanxi to the south ...
in northwestern
Hebei Province
Hebei or , (; alternately Hopeh) is a northern province of China. Hebei is China's sixth most populous province, with over 75 million people. Shijiazhuang is the capital city. The province is 96% Han Chinese, 3% Manchu, 0.8% Hui, and 0 ...
, China.
Xuanhua is a very old city with a rich military and agricultural history. Xuanhua was historically the "Gateway to Beijing", which lies to its southeast. As a city with a large garrison close to the capital, it was strategically vital. It now has a population of 274,000 people. In modern times it has also become an industrial area, and now contains a high-tech development zone where new developments are being promoted by the government of Hebei Province.
History
The remains of the
Kingdom of Yan era city of Zaoyang (造陽) can be located in the northeast of Xuanhua District
![HSUANHUAFU Station](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/HSUANHUAFU_Station.jpg)
Xuanhua is home to a
Liao (10th-12th c.) tomb with a colored star atlas painted with 268 stars including the sun, the moon, and the five planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn.
In the late 14th century, prior to his elevation to
emperor
An emperor (from la, imperator, via fro, empereor) is a monarch, and usually the sovereignty, sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. Empress, the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife (empress consort), ...
of the
Ming Empire
The Ming dynasty (), officially the Great Ming, was an imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming dynasty was the last orthodox dynasty of China ruled by the Han peop ...
,
Zhu Di
The Yongle Emperor (; pronounced ; 2 May 1360 – 12 August 1424), personal name Zhu Di (), was the third Emperor of the Ming dynasty, reigning from 1402 to 1424.
Zhu Di was the fourth son of the Hongwu Emperor, the founder of the Ming dyna ...
ruled his
principality of Yan
Yan (燕國) was a kingdom/principality in early Imperial China. It first appeared during the interregnum between the Qin and Han dynasties as one of the Eighteen Kingdoms created by Xiang Yu, and was subsequently dissolved and recreated multip ...
from Xuanhua. Under the
Qing, it continued to serve as the seat of a
prefecture and was known to the
Jesuit missionaries
, image = Ihs-logo.svg
, image_size = 175px
, caption = ChristogramOfficial seal of the Jesuits
, abbreviation = SJ
, nickname = Jesuits
, formation =
, founders ...
as "Suen-hao-fou".
In January 2016, the former rural Xuanhua County surrounding the urban Xuanhua merged with the urban Xuanhua District to established Greater Xuanhua District with both rural and urban area combined.
Military
Xuanhua was the garrison headquarters for the soldiers on the Xuanda-Shanxi Military Area, one of the three military governorships of the Great Wall in the Ming Dynasty. It commanded Xuanfu Zhen, Datong Zhen, and Shanxi Zhen along the Great Wall.
Xuanhua has a set of city walls built in the Ming Dynasty which are still partly intact.
Agriculture
Known in ancient times as "The Grape Town," Xuanhua farmers grow a wide variety of grapes. Some grapes are used for wine production, but much of the crop is sold as fruit. In autumn, a large number of farmers sell grapes on streetsides out of hand-carts or trucks.
Industry
![Zhangjiakou-xuanhua-bailinsiduobaofota](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/47/Zhangjiakou-xuanhua-bailinsiduobaofota.jpg)
Xuanhua contains
* coal
* iron
* gold
*
amargosite
*
rich shale
*
dolomite Dolomite may refer to:
*Dolomite (mineral), a carbonate mineral
*Dolomite (rock), also known as dolostone, a sedimentary carbonate rock
*Dolomite, Alabama, United States, an unincorporated community
*Dolomite, California, United States, an unincor ...
*
bentonite
Bentonite () is an absorbent swelling clay consisting mostly of montmorillonite (a type of smectite) which can either be Na-montmorillonite or Ca-montmorillonite. Na-montmorillonite has a considerably greater swelling capacity than Ca-m ...
- Xuanhua has one of the largest deposits of bentonite in China.
and other mineral resources.
Its key industries are
* metallurgy
* machinery manufacturing
* chemical production
* electrical power generation
* papermaking
* woolskin tanning
and
* brewing - the locally produced beer is "Zhōnglóu Píjiǔ" () or Bell-tower Beer.
Administrative divisions
Subdistricts:
张家口市-行政区划网
/ref>
* Tianqinsi Subdistrict (), Huangcheng Subdistrict (), Nanguan Subdistrict (), Nanda Avenue Subdistrict (), Dabei Avenue Subdistrict (), Gongye Avenue Subdistrict (), Jianguo Avenue Subdistrict ()
Towns:
* Pangjiabu Town (), Yanghenan Town (), Shenjing Town (), Guocun Town (), Jiajiaying Town (), Gujiaying Town (), Zhaochuan Town ()
Townships:
* Hezixi Township (), Chunguang Township (), Houjiamiao Township (), Wangjiawan Township (), Tarcun Township (), Jiangjiatun Township (), Lijiabu Township ()
Climate
References
Citations
Bibliography
*
*
*
County-level divisions of Hebei
Zhangjiakou
{{Zhangjiakou-geo-stub