''Xerolenta obvia'' is a

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

of air-breathing

land snail A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. ''Land snail'' is the common name for terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have shells (those without shells are known as ...

, a

terrestrial Terrestrial refers to things related to land or the planet Earth. Terrestrial may also refer to: * Terrestrial animal, an animal that lives on land opposed to living in water, or sometimes an animal that lives on or near the ground, as opposed to ...

gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...

mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...

in the family

Geomitridae Geomitridae is a Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic Family (biology), family of small to medium-sized air-breathing land snails, Terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). M ...

, the hairy snails and their allies. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Xerolenta obvia (Menke, 1828). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1003460 on 2022-08-03 ;Subspecies: * ''Xerolenta obvia depulsa'' (L. Pintér, 1969) * ''Xerolenta obvia obvia'' (Menke, 1828) * ''Xerolenta obvia pappi'' (Schütt, 1962) * ''Xerolenta obvia razlogi'' (L. Pintér, 1969)

Distribution

This land snail occurs in

Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a Continent#Subcontinents, subcontinent of Eurasia ...

an countries including Hungary,

Bulgaria Bulgaria (; bg, България, Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria,, ) is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern flank of the Balkans, and is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and North Macedon ...

Czech Republic The Czech Republic, or simply Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Historically known as Bohemia, it is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the southeast. The ...

Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical re ...

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous ...

Slovakia Slovakia (; sk, Slovensko ), officially the Slovak Republic ( sk, Slovenská republika, links=no ), is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the s ...

Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...

,Balashov I. & Gural-Sverlova N. 2012. An annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs of Ukraine. ''Journal of Conchology''. 41 (1): 91-109.

Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by tot ...

(Bethany, Ontario, Canada first detected in 1969 and 1972; at least 23 occurrences in southern Ontario as of 2015),

United States of America The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territo ...

(Wayne County, Michigan Detected in 2002 - B. Sullivan) and others. This species in the USA is considered to represent a potentially serious threat as a pest, an

invasive species An invasive species otherwise known as an alien is an introduced organism that becomes overpopulated and harms its new environment. Although most introduced species are neutral or beneficial with respect to other species, invasive species ad ...

which could negatively affect agriculture, natural ecosystems, human health or commerce. Therefore, it has been suggested that this species be given top national

quarantine A quarantine is a restriction on the movement of people, animals and goods which is intended to prevent the spread of disease or pests. It is often used in connection to disease and illness, preventing the movement of those who may have been ...

significance in the USA.Cowie R. H., Dillon R. T., Robinson D. G. & Smith J. W. (2009). Alien non-marine snails and slugs of priority quarantine importance in the United States: A preliminary risk assessment. ''American Malacological Bulletin'' 27: 113-132
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Description

Shells of ''Xerolenta obvia'' are medium-sized (7–10 mm high, 14–20 mm wide) and relatively flat. In the adult stage, 5 to 6 turns are present. These shells are usually thick and smooth, with a white or yellowish-white basic color and quite variable, dark brown to almost black bands. The body is yellowish-brown.

Life cycle

The size of the egg is 1.5 mm.Heller J. (2001). ''Life History Strategies'.' in Barker G. M. (ed.):
The biology of terrestrial molluscs
'. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK, . 1-146, cited page: 428.

Gallery

File:Xerolenta obvia 001.JPG, ''Xerolenta obvia'', banded form File:Xerolenta obvia 002.jpg, ''Xerolenta obvia'', white form File:Xerolenta obvia 003.jpg, ''Xerolenta obvia'', ribbed form File:Xerolenta obvia pappi 01.jpg, ''Xerolenta obvia pappi'' File: Helicella obvia1.jpg, Shells of ''Xerolenta obvia'' File: Xerolenta obvia top.jpg, Apical view of a shell of ''Xerolenta obvia'' File: Xerolenta obvia bottom.jpg, Umbilical view of a shell of ''Xerolenta obvia''

References

* Westerlund, C. A. &. Blanc, H. (1879). Aperçu sur la faune malacologique de la Grèce inclus l'Epire et la Thessalie. Coquilles extramarines. 161 pp. + errata (1 pp.), pl. 1-4. * Bank, R. A. (2011). Authorships and publication dates in malacology: some notes on the 2011 French Checklist of Welter-Schultes & al. Mitteilungen der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft. 86: 13-24. Frankfurt am Main * Bank, R. A.; Neubert, E. (2017). Checklist of the land and freshwater Gastropoda of Europe. Last update: July 16th, 2017

External links

Clessin, S. (1879). Aus meiner Novitäten-Mappe. Malakozoologische Blätter. Neue Folge. 1: 3–16.

Mousson, A. (1863). Coquilles terrestres et fluviatiles, recueillies dans l'Orient par M. le Dr. Alex. Schläfli. Vierteljahrsschrift der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zürich. 8: 275-320, 368-426
Geomitridae Gastropods described in 1828 {{Geomitridae-stub