XXIV Corps (24th Corps) was a

U.S. Army The United States Army (USA) is the land service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is one of the eight U.S. uniformed services, and is designated as the Army of the United States in the U.S. Constitution.Article II, section 2, cl ...

Corps Corps (; plural ''corps'' ; from French , from the Latin "body") is a term used for several different kinds of organization. A military innovation by Napoleon I, the formation was first named as such in 1805. The size of a corps varies great ...

-level command during

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

and the

Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...

History

World War II

XXIV Corps was activated at

Fort Shafter Fort Shafter, in Honolulu CDP, Page 4/ref> City and County of Honolulu, Hawai‘i, is the headquarters of the United States Army Pacific, which commands most Army forces in the Asia-Pacific region with the exception of Korea. Geographically, F ...

, Hawaii, on 8 April 1944. It participated in the

invasion of Leyte An invasion is a military offensive in which large numbers of combatants of one geopolitical entity aggressively enter territory owned by another such entity, generally with the objective of either: conquering; liberating or re-establishing con ...

in the

Philippine Islands The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...

on 20 October 1944, with the 7th Infantry Division and 96th Infantry Division its major combat units. During the campaign on Leyte and aided by Filipino regular and constable force of the

Philippine Commonwealth Army The Philippine Army was established on December 21, 1935, as the Army of the Philippines, with a general headquarters in Manila, and units and formations based throughout the provinces of the Philippines. The Philippine Army was initially org ...

and

Philippine Constabulary The Philippine Constabulary (PC; tl, Hukbóng Pamayapà ng Pilipinas, ''HPP''; es, Policía de Filipinas, ''PF'') was a gendarmerie-type police force of the Philippines from 1901 to 1991, and the predecessor to the Philippine National Po ...

military units, the

77th Infantry Division 77th Division or 75th Infantry Division may refer to: * 77th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht), Germany * 77th Infantry Division of Khurasan, Iran * 77th Division (Imperial Japanese Army) * 77th Division (People's Republic of China) * 77th Division ( ...

came under control of XXIV Corps. From 1 April to 30 June 1945, XXIV Corps and its divisions participated in the

invasion of Okinawa The , codenamed Operation Iceberg, was a major battle of the Pacific War fought on the island of Okinawa by United States Army (USA) and United States Marine Corps (USMC) forces against the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA). The initial invasion of ...

. In September 1945, after the surrender of Japan, XXIV Corps moved to Korea, where it remained on

occupation Occupation commonly refers to: *Occupation (human activity), or job, one's role in society, often a regular activity performed for payment *Occupation (protest), political demonstration by holding public or symbolic spaces *Military occupation, th ...

duty until its inactivation on 25 January 1949.

Vietnam

XXIV Corps was created on 15 August 1968 to replace the "Provisional Corps Vietnam," a temporary headquarters (known as MACV Forward Command Post or MACV Forward between 25 January and 10 March) created 10 March 1968 during the

Tet Offensive The Tet Offensive was a major escalation and one of the largest military campaigns of the Vietnam War. It was launched on January 30, 1968 by forces of the Viet Cong (VC) and North Vietnamese People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) against the forces o ...

.Pearson, William. ''Vietnam Studies: The War in the Northern Provinces''. Washington, DC: Department of the Army, 1975. pp 67-70. Upon its formation, XXIV Corps was placed under the operational control of the III Marine Force to control the activities of U.S. Army ground combat units deployed in northern

South Vietnam South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam ( vi, Việt Nam Cộng hòa), was a state in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975, the period when the southern portion of Vietnam was a member of the Western Bloc during part of th ...

and had its headquarters at Phu Bai until 9 March 1970, when it relocated to

Camp Horn Camp Horn is a former United States Marine Corps and United States Army base located in Danang, Vietnam. History Following the initial landing of Marines in South Vietnam on 8 March 1965, the 9th Marine Expeditionary Brigade (9th MEB) establish ...

Da Nang Nang or DanangSee also Danang Dragons ( ; vi, Đà Nẵng, ) is a class-1 municipality and the fifth-largest city in Vietnam by municipal population. It lies on the coast of the East Sea of Vietnam at the mouth of the Hàn River, and is one ...

. At that time it assumed control of all U.S. ground forces in I Corps Tactical Zone (I CTZ), with all remaining

Marine Marine is an adjective meaning of or pertaining to the sea or ocean. Marine or marines may refer to: Ocean * Maritime (disambiguation) * Marine art * Marine biology * Marine debris * Marine habitats * Marine life * Marine pollution Military * ...

units coming under its operational control until their withdrawal. During its service in Vietnam XXIV Corps was a component command of Headquarters, US Army Vietnam (USARV).

Area of responsibility and units assigned

XXIV Corps' area of responsibility was

I Corps Tactical Zone I Corps () was a corps of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN), the army of the nation state of South Vietnam that existed from 1955 to 1975. It was one of four corps of the ARVN. This was the northernmost region of South Vietnam, bordering ...

("Eye Corps"), later renamed Military Region 1, which comprised the five northernmost provinces of the South Vietnam. At various times it controlled the following units: *

1st Cavalry Division (Airmobile) First or 1st is the ordinal form of the number one (#1). First or 1st may also refer to: *World record, specifically the first instance of a particular achievement Arts and media Music * 1$T, American rapper, singer-songwriter, DJ, and reco ...

* 23rd Infantry Division (Americal) *

101st Airborne Division The 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault) ("Screaming Eagles") is a light infantry division of the United States Army that specializes in air assault operations. It can plan, coordinate, and execute multiple battalion-size air assault operati ...

(Airmobile) *1st Brigade, 5th Infantry Division (Mechanized) *3rd Brigade,

82nd Airborne Division The 82nd Airborne Division is an Airborne forces, airborne infantry division (military), division of the United States Army specializing in Paratrooper, parachute assault operations into denied areasSof, Eric"82nd Airborne Division" ''Spec Ops ...

* 173rd Airborne Brigade * 196th Infantry Brigade (Light) * 108th Artillery Group *

III Marine Expeditionary Force III Marine Expeditionary Force (III MEF) is a formation of the Marine Air-Ground Task Force of the United States Marine Corps. It is forward-deployed and able to rapidly conduct operations across the spectrum from humanitarian assistance and ...

* 3rd Marine Amphibious Brigade * Task Force Clearwater (

U.S. Navy The United States Navy (USN) is the maritime service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. It is the largest and most powerful navy in the world, with the estimated tonnage o ...

)

Inactivation

XXIV Corps was inactivated on 30 June 1972 in the final stages the withdrawal of U.S. ground combat forces from Vietnam, and its assets formed the basis for its successor, the First Regional Assistance Command (FRAC).

Commanders

*Major General

John R. Hodge General John Reed Hodge (June 12, 1893 – November 12, 1963) was a highly decorated senior officer of the United States Army. His final assignment before retiring was as Chief of Army Field Forces from 1952 to 1953. Early life and career Born ...

(9 April 1944 – 15 August 1948) *Major General John B. Coulter (1948-9) *Lt. General Richard Stilwell (1968–9) * Maj. General

Melvin Zais Melvin Zais (May 8, 1916 – May 7, 1981) was a United States Army general who served in the Second World War and Vietnam War. Military career A 1933 graduate of B.M.C. Durfee High School, Zais attended the University of New Hampshire and gradu ...

(1969–70) * Lt. General

James W. Sutherland James William Sutherland (1918–1987) was a United States Army Lieutenant general (United States), Lieutenant General, who served as commander of XXIV Corps (United States), XXIV Corps during the Vietnam War. Early life and education Sutherland ...

(1970–1) * Lt. Gen. Welborn G. Dolvin (1971-2)

Deputy commanders

*Major General Raymond G. Davis (March 1968 - May 1968) *Major General Clifford B. Drake (May 1968 - June 1969) *Major General

Edwin B. Wheeler Edwin Bliss Wheeler (March 17, 1918 – October 14, 1985) was a highly decorated officer of the United States Marine Corps with the rank of major general. He served with famous Marine Raiders during World War II and earned the Silver Star for g ...

(June 1969 - April 1970) *Major General

George S. Bowman Jr. George Shepard Bowman Jr. (December 24, 1911 – May 3, 2005) was a decorated officer and Naval aviator in the United States Marine Corps. A veteran of three wars, Bowman distinguished himself several times as commander, Marine Aircraft Group 12 ...

(April 1970 - August 1970)

Chiefs of Staff

*Brigadier General Crump Garvin (1944–46) *Brigadier General Oliver B. Patton (1968–71)

Artillery commanders

*Brigadier General Arthur M. Harper (1944 - 44) *Brigadier General Josef R. Sheetz (1944–45)

Chief Engineer

*Brigadier General Frederic B. Butler (1947)

Notes

References

* * Stanton, Shelby, ''Vietnam Order of Battle'', {{DEFAULTSORT:024 24 South West Pacific theatre of World War II

Leyte Leyte ( ) is an island in the Visayas group of islands in the Philippines. It is eighth-largest and sixth-most populous island in the Philippines, with a total population of 2,626,970 as of 2020 census. Since the accessibility of land has be ...

Military units and formations of the United States Army in the Vietnam War 24 Military units and formations established in 1944 Military units and formations disestablished in 1972