The XXIII Corps was a

corps Corps (; plural ''corps'' ; from French , from the Latin "body") is a term used for several different kinds of organization. A military innovation by Napoleon I, the formation was first named as such in 1805. The size of a corps varies great ...

-sized formation of the

United States Army The United States Army (USA) is the land warfare, land military branch, service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is one of the eight Uniformed services of the United States, U.S. uniformed services, and is designated as the Army o ...

that was activated on 15 January 1944 at

Camp Bowie Camp Bowie is a United States National Guard training center located in west central Texas on the southern outskirts of Brownwood. History Camp Bowie, named in honor of the Texas patriot James Bowie, was a military training facility during Wor ...

Texas Texas (, ; Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a state in the South Central region of the United States. At 268,596 square miles (695,662 km2), and with more than 29.1 million residents in 2020, it is the second-largest U.S. state by ...

during

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...

. During the war, XXIII Corps served in the European Theater of Operations (ETO) as part of the Fifteenth Army. After the end of the war the corps was inactivated on 10 February 1946 in Germany and disbanded on 12 July 1950.

History

XXIII Corps served primarily as an occupation and military government force around Trier, Koblenz, and areas of western Germany (the southern area of what was termed the "Rhineprovince Military District") to the south from April 1945. The corps command post was at

Idar-Oberstein Idar-Oberstein () is a town in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. As a ''Große kreisangehörige Stadt'' (large city belonging to a district), it assumes some of the responsibilities that for smaller municipalities in ...

. The area occupied by XXIII Corps was turned over to the French Army on 10 July 1945. As of 10 May 1945, units subordinated to the XXIII Corps included the 28th Infantry Division, the 54th Anti-Aircraft Artillery Brigade, and the 214th, 425th, and 426th Field Artillery Groups. The original Headquarters and Headquarters Battery of XXIII Corps Artillery was constituted on 9 January 1944 in the

Army of the United States The Army of the United States is one of the four major service components of the United States Army (the others being the Regular Army, the United States Army Reserve and the Army National Guard of the United States), but it has been inactive si ...

. It was then activated 15 January 1944 at Camp Bowie, Texas, and after fighting in Europe, inactivated 10 February 1946 in Germany. It was then allotted 12 December 1946 to the Organized Reserves, and activated 24 January 1947 at Chicago, Illinois. But it left the force through being redesignated 18 August 1950 as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery,

XIV Corps 14 Corps, 14th Corps, Fourteenth Corps, or XIV Corps may refer to: * XIV Corps (Grande Armée), a unit of the Imperial French Army during the Napoleonic Wars * XIV Corps (German Empire), a unit of the Imperial German Army prior to and during World ...

Artillery. HHB 138th Field Artillery Brigade then traces its history to the XXIII Corps Artillery being constituted again on 15 September 1953 in the

Kentucky Army National Guard The Kentucky Army National Guard is a component of the United States Army and the United States National Guard. Nationwide, the Army National Guard comprises approximately one half of the US Army's available combat forces and approximately one t ...

.McKenney Vol I, 168. The 149th Armored Brigade traced its recent history to the activation of XXIII Corps Artillery on 1 October 1959.149th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade Lineage and Honors Information
US Army Center of Military History (CMH), 12 December 2013. Retrieved 26 June 2016. XXIII Corps Artillery disappeared on 1 November 1980 when its HHB became HHC, 149th Armored Brigade.

Campaign credits

* European Theater without inscription

Commanders

* Maj. Gen. Louis A. Craig (January 1944 – July 1944) * Maj. Gen. James I. Muir (5 September 1944 - January 1945) * Brig. Gen. Jesmond D. Balmer (1 December 1944 – 6 February 1945) - Temporary * Maj. Gen.

James A. Van Fleet General James Alward Van Fleet (March 19, 1892 – September 23, 1992) was a United States Army officer who saw service during World War I, World War II and the Korean War. Van Fleet was a native of New Jersey, who was raised in Florida and gradu ...

(6 February 1945 – 16 March 1945) * Maj. Gen. Hugh J. Gaffey (17 March 1945 – August 1945) * Maj. Gen. Frank W. Milburn (August 1945 - 15 September 1945) * Maj. Gen. Edwin P. Parker Jr. (15 September 1945 – 10 February 1946)

Notes

References

* Stanton, Shelby L., (1991). "World War II Order of Battle". New York: Galahad Books. * U. S. Army (1946). "History of the Fifteenth United States Army". Engineer Base Plant 248. * Fifteenth Army, Public Relations Section. Fifteenth US. Army in Germany, 16 April-10 July 1945. 652d Engineer Topographic Battalion, 1945. * Wilson, John B., compiler (1999). "Armies, Corps, Divisions, and Separate Brigades". Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. {{ISBN, 0-16-049994-1 Lists the Fifteenth Army PRS and U.S. Army (1946) references immediately above. * Ziemke, Earl F., (1990). "The U.S. Army in the Occupation of Germany, 1944–1946". Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 23 23 Military units and formations established in 1944 Military units and formations disestablished in 1946