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Wood River Junction is a small village in the town of
Richmond, Rhode Island Richmond is a town in Washington County, Rhode Island. The population was 8,020 at the 2020 census. It contains the villages of Alton, Arcadia, Barberville, Carolina, Hillsdale, Kenyon, Shannock, Tug Hollow, Usquepaug, Wood River Junction, ...
,
Washington County, Rhode Island Washington County, known locally as South County, is a county located in the U.S. state of Rhode Island. As of the 2020 census, the population was 129,839. Rhode Island counties have no governmental functions other than as court administra ...
, in the United States. It is home to the
Chariho Chariho is a regional school district located in southern Rhode Island shared by three adjacent towns; Charlestown, Richmond, and Hopkinton. The name Chariho is a portmanteau A portmanteau word, or portmanteau (, ) is a blend of words
school district's main campus and is otherwise largely turf farms.


Geography

Wood River Junction is commonly considered by locals to be one of the coldest locations in the state of Rhode Island, due to its low-lying and flat geography. It is the home of Meadowbrook Pond, also known as Wood River Pond, a popular fishing area. It is surrounded by two rivers: the
Wood River Wood River may refer to: Rivers In Canada * Wood River (British Columbia), a tributary of the Columbia River via Kinbasket Lake * Wood River (Saskatchewan), a river in south-west Saskatchewan In Ireland * Wood River (County Clare), Kilru ...
and
Pawcatuck River The Pawcatuck River is a river in the US states of Rhode Island and Connecticut flowing approximately .U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline dataThe National Map accessed April 1, 2011 There are eight d ...
.


History


Overview

The village was the site of Wood River Junction station, originally known as Richmond Switch. The
Wood River Branch Railroad The Wood River Branch Railroad was a shortline railroad in Rhode Island, United States. Chartered in 1872 and opened on July 1, 1874, the line operated (with one major interruption) until 1947. It connected Hope Valley, Rhode Island, to the ...
was chartered in 1872 and completed in 1874. The name was changed in April 1874. The six-mile branch line was built to provide service from the Hope Valley to the main line of the New York, Providence and Boston Railroad and was only six miles long. The
New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad The New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad , commonly known as The Consolidated, or simply as the New Haven, was a railroad that operated in the New England region of the United States from 1872 to December 31, 1968. Founded by the merger of ...
took over operation of the Branch in 1892 and eventually abandoned it on August 8, 1947. The main line continues in operation today as
Amtrak The National Railroad Passenger Corporation, doing business as Amtrak () , is the national passenger railroad company of the United States. It operates inter-city rail service in 46 of the 48 contiguous U.S. States and nine cities in Canada. ...
's
Northeast Corridor The Northeast Corridor (NEC) is an electrified railroad line in the Northeast megalopolis of the United States. Owned primarily by Amtrak, it runs from Boston through Providence, New Haven, Stamford, New York City, Philadelphia, Wilmington, ...
.


Criticality accident

On 24 July 1964, a fatal
criticality accident A criticality accident is an accidental uncontrolled nuclear fission chain reaction. It is sometimes referred to as a critical excursion, critical power excursion, or divergent chain reaction. Any such event involves the unintended accumulation ...
occurredArticle
on ''
Yankee The term ''Yankee'' and its contracted form ''Yank'' have several interrelated meanings, all referring to people from the United States. Its various senses depend on the context, and may refer to New Englanders, residents of the Northern United S ...
''
at the
United Nuclear Corporation The United Nuclear Corporation (UNC) was a diversified nuclear mining, development, and applications company based out of the United States. Formed in 1961 as a joint venture between the Olin Mathieson Chemical Corporation, the Mallinckrodt Co ...
Wood River Junction nuclear facility. This facility was designed to recover highly
enriched uranium Enriched uranium is a type of uranium in which the percent composition of uranium-235 (written 235U) has been increased through the process of isotope separation. Naturally occurring uranium is composed of three major isotopes: uranium-238 (238U ...
in scrap material from fuel element production. Technician Robert Peabody was working with a tank containing radioactive
uranium-235 Uranium-235 (235U or U-235) is an isotope of uranium making up about 0.72% of natural uranium. Unlike the predominant isotope uranium-238, it is fissile, i.e., it can sustain a nuclear chain reaction. It is the only fissile isotope that exi ...
in a
sodium carbonate Sodium carbonate, , (also known as washing soda, soda ash and soda crystals) is the inorganic compound with the formula Na2CO3 and its various hydrates. All forms are white, odourless, water-soluble salts that yield moderately alkaline solutions ...
solution, which was being agitated by a stirrer. Intending to add a bottle of
trichloroethane Trichloroethane (CHCl) may refer to either of two isomer In chemistry, isomers are molecules or polyatomic ions with identical molecular formulae – that is, same number of atoms of each element – but distinct arrangements of atoms in sp ...
to remove organics, he mistakenly added a bottle of uranium solution to the tank, producing a criticality excursion accompanied by a flash of light and the splashing of about 20% of the tank's contents (about out of , including the bottle contents) out of the tank. This criticality exposed the 37-year-old Peabody to a fatal radiation dose of "more than 700
rem Rem or REM may refer to: Music * R.E.M., an American rock band * ''R.E.M.'' (EP), by Green * "R.E.M." (song), by Ariana Grande Organizations * La République En Marche!, a French centrist political party * Reichserziehungsministerium, in Nazi ...
", which is 7 Sv. He died 49 hours after the incident. Ninety minutes later a second excursion happened when a plant manager returned to the building and turned off the agitator, exposing himself and another administrator to doses of up to 100 rad (1 Gy) without apparent ill effect. Members of the local Hope Valley Ambulance Squad (HVAS) responded to render aid, initially transporting the patient to
Westerly Hospital Westerly Hospital is a non-profit hospital in Westerly, Rhode Island. History According to the 2017 PBS documentary "Our Town - Westerly", a longtime resident of Westerly named Louise Hoxie died in 1917 and left $10,000 "to establish a found ...
; the hospital was not equipped for such a patient, the ambulance was turned away and the ambulance transported the patient to
Rhode Island Hospital Rhode Island Hospital is a private, not-for-profit hospital located in the Upper South Providence neighborhood in Providence, Rhode Island. It is the largest academic medical center in the region, affiliated with Brown University since 1959. As ...
in
Providence Providence often refers to: * Providentia, the divine personification of foresight in ancient Roman religion * Divine providence, divinely ordained events and outcomes in Christianity * Providence, Rhode Island, the capital of Rhode Island in the ...
. Although commonly referred to as taking place in Wood River Junction, the incident actually occurred just across the river in Charlestown.


See also

*


References


External links


UNC Recovery Systems - Nuclear Incident at United Nuclear Corporation (8/24/1964)

UNC Recovery Systems - Compliance Investigation Report Volume 1 - Report Details (9/16/1964)

UNC Recovery Systems - Compliance Investigation Report Volume 3 - Supplemental Report with Exhibits (9/16/1964)
{{authority control Villages in Rhode Island Villages in Washington County, Rhode Island Nuclear history of the United States