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The Weyerberg is a sandy Worpswede.de
/ref> high, in the
In 1218 Worpswede was first mentioned in the records because the eight farms there were
geest
Geest is a type of landform, slightly raised above the surrounding countryside, that occurs on the plains of Northern Germany, the Northern Netherlands and Denmark. It is a landscape of sandy and gravelly soils formed as a glacial outwash pla ...
island, /ref> high, in the
Teufelsmoor
The Teufelsmoor is a region of bog and moorland north of Bremen, Germany. It forms a large part of the district of Osterholz, and extends into the neighbouring districts of Rotenburg ( Gnarrenburg municipality).
Geography
The depression is d ...
("Devil's Bog") in Northern Germany. It is located near its main settlement of Worpswede
Worpswede (Northern Low Saxon: ''Worpsweed'') is a municipality in the district of Osterholz, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated in the Teufelsmoor, northeast of Bremen. The small town itself is located near the Weyerberg hill. It has be ...
in the district of Osterholz
Osterholz is a district (''Landkreis'') in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the west and clockwise) the districts of Wesermarsch, Cuxhaven, Rotenburg and Verden, and by the city of Bremen.
History
Originally the prince-archbisho ...
in Lower Saxony
Lower Saxony (german: Niedersachsen ; nds, Neddersassen; stq, Läichsaksen) is a German state (') in northwestern Germany. It is the second-largest state by land area, with , and fourth-largest in population (8 million in 2021) among the 16 ...
. Its name means something like 'wooded hill'. It probably emerged at the end of the ice age
An ice age is a long period of reduction in the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere, resulting in the presence or expansion of continental and polar ice sheets and alpine glaciers. Earth's climate alternates between ice ages and gre ...
, when meltwaters
Meltwater is water released by the melting of snow or ice, including glacial ice, tabular icebergs and ice shelves over oceans. Meltwater is often found in the ablation zone of glaciers, where the rate of snow cover is reducing. Meltwater can b ...
deposited sand around its clay
Clay is a type of fine-grained natural soil material containing clay minerals (hydrous aluminium phyllosilicates, e.g. kaolin, Al2 Si2 O5( OH)4).
Clays develop plasticity when wet, due to a molecular film of water surrounding the clay par ...
core.
Traces of the New Stone Age
The Neolithic period, or New Stone Age, is an Old World archaeological period and the final division of the Stone Age. It saw the Neolithic Revolution, a wide-ranging set of developments that appear to have arisen independently in several parts ...
were found on and around the hill: stone tools and items of jewellery. Urn graves dating to 1100 BC were discovered on the southern slopes, the ''Hinterm Berg''. In 500 BC, the hill was abandoned as a settlement again as the climate cooled down.
In 1218 Worpswede was first mentioned in the records because the eight farms there were tithing
A tithing or tything was a historic English legal, administrative or territorial unit, originally ten hides (and hence, one tenth of a hundred). Tithings later came to be seen as subdivisions of a manor or civil parish. The tithing's leader or ...
to Osterholz Abbey.
Several landmarks are located on the Weyerberg, such as the Cheese Dome House after designs by Bruno Taut
Bruno Julius Florian Taut (4 May 1880 – 24 December 1938) was a renowned German architect, urban planner and author of Prussian Lithuanian heritage ("taut" means "nation" in Lithuanian). He was active during the Weimar period and is know ...
, the Lower Saxony Stone by Bernhard Hoetger
Bernhard Hoetger (4 May 1874 in Dortmund – 18 July 1949 in Interlaken) was a German sculptor, painter and handicrafts artist of the Expressionist movement.
Life
Hoetger was the son of a Dortmund blacksmith, he studied sculpture in Detmold f ...
, and the Zion's Church. Painters of Worpswede's artists' colony often chose the Weyerberg as their scene or subject. In 1957 the ''Stiftung Worpswede'' was founded that sought through land purchase to prevent further sand quarrying on the Weyerberg.
References
Sources
* Hans-Gerhard Kulp: ''Der Weyerberg und das Teufelsmoor – ein landschaftsökologischer Führer''. Hrsg.: Biologische Station Osterholz, Verlag M. Simmering 1995, Lilienthal * Wendula Dahle (Hrsg.): ''Im Land der Moore und Deiche. Ausflüge links und rechts der Weser. Ein Reise- und Lesebuch''. Edition Temmen, 5. Aufl. 2005, {{Coord, 53, 12, 58, N, 8, 55, 25, E, type:mountain_elevation:51_dim:5000_region:DE-NI, display=title Hills of Lower Saxony Worpswede