Count Włodzimierz Czacki (, 16 April 1834 – 8 March 1888) was a Polish prelate of the

Catholic Church The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwid ...

who spent his career in the

Roman Curia The Roman Curia () comprises the administrative institutions of the Holy See and the central body through which the affairs of the Catholic Church are conducted. The Roman Curia is the institution of which the Roman Pontiff ordinarily makes use ...

. He was created a

cardinal Cardinal or The Cardinal most commonly refers to * Cardinalidae, a family of North and South American birds **''Cardinalis'', genus of three species in the family Cardinalidae ***Northern cardinal, ''Cardinalis cardinalis'', the common cardinal of ...

in 1882.

Biography

Włodzimierz Czacki was born in

Lutsk Lutsk (, ; see #Names and etymology, below for other names) is a city on the Styr River in northwestern Ukraine. It is the administrative center of Volyn Oblast and the administrative center of Lutsk Raion within the oblast. Lutsk has a populati ...

( Volhynia governorate,

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in September 1917. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about , roughl ...

), today in

Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the List of European countries by area, second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which Russia–Ukraine border, borders it to the east and northeast. Ukraine also borders Belarus to the nor ...

, on 16 April 1834. His family belonged to the nobility and he had the title count. He went to Rome at age 17 and, except for a few years as a diplomat in Paris, spent the rest of his life there. He was ordained a priest on 30 November 1867 by Alessandro Franchi secretary of the

Congregation of Bishops and Regulars The Congregation of Bishops and Regulars () was a department of the Roman Curia that, beginning in the late 16th century, managed the diocesan bishops and those individuals, both male and female, and establishments associated with religious orders. ...

. He served as Secretary to

Pope Pius IX Pope Pius IX (; born Giovanni Maria Battista Pietro Pellegrino Isidoro Mastai-Ferretti; 13 May 1792 – 7 February 1878) was head of the Catholic Church from 1846 to 1878. His reign of nearly 32 years is the longest verified of any pope in hist ...

. He was appointed secretary of the Sacred Congregation of Studies. He served as a Consultor at the

First Vatican Council The First Ecumenical Council of the Vatican, commonly known as the First Vatican Council or Vatican I, was the 20th ecumenical council of the Catholic Church, held three centuries after the preceding Council of Trent which was adjourned in 156 ...

. He was named domestic prelate of his holiness in 1871. He was appointed Secretary of the Congregation of Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs on 15 March 1877. He worked in the completion of the policies dealing with the

Kulturkampf In the history of Germany, the ''Kulturkampf'' (Cultural Struggle) was the seven-year political conflict (1871–1878) between the Catholic Church in Germany led by Pope Pius IX and the Kingdom of Prussia led by chancellor Otto von Bismarck. Th ...

in 1878. He was decorated with the Order of Carlos III, ca. 1879. He was admitted to the Sovereign Order of Malta, as bailiff grand cross of magistral grace, on 31 March 1879. He was appointed

titular archbishop A titular bishop in various churches is a bishop who is not in charge of a diocese. By definition, a bishop is an "overseer" of a community of the faithful, so when a priest is ordained a bishop, the tradition of the Catholic, Eastern Orthodox an ...

of Salamis on 12 August 1879. He was consecrated a bishop on 17 August 1879 by Cardinal Flavio Chigi. He was appointed Apostolic Nuncio to France on 19 September 1879; prevented the rupture of the Concordat between the Holy See and the French government and avoided the liquidation of certain religious orders. He was made a cardinal of the order of cardinal priests on 25 September 1882 by

Pope Leo XIII Pope Leo XIII (; born Gioacchino Vincenzo Raffaele Luigi Pecci; 2March 181020July 1903) was head of the Catholic Church from 20 February 1878 until his death in July 1903. He had the fourth-longest reign of any pope, behind those of Peter the Ap ...

. Pope Leo gave him his red

galero A (plural: ; from , originally connoting a helmet made of skins; cf. '' galea'') is a broad-brimmed hat with tasselated strings which was worn by clergy in the Catholic Church. Over the centuries, the red ''galero'' was restricted to use by i ...

and assigned his the titular church of Santa Pudenziana on 15 March 1883. He died in Rome on 8 March 1888 and was buried in the Campo Verano cemetery.

References

;Additional sources *

External links

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Czacki, Wlodzimierz 1834 births 1888 deaths People from Lutsk Polish Roman Catholic titular archbishops 19th-century Polish cardinals Apostolic nuncios to France Officials of the Roman Curia Expatriates from the Russian Empire in Italy Cardinals created by Pope Leo XIII Włodzimierz Counts of Poland