Władysław Łuszczkiewicz (September 3, 1828 – May 23, 1900) was a Polish historian and painter of the late

Romantic era Romanticism (also known as the Romantic movement or Romantic era) was an artistic, literary, musical, and intellectual movement that originated in Europe towards the end of the 18th century, and in most areas was at its peak in the approximate ...

from

Kraków Kraków (), or Cracow, is the second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city dates back to the seventh century. Kraków was the official capital of Poland until 1596 ...

, active in the period of the foreign

partitions of Poland The Partitions of Poland were three partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth that took place toward the end of the 18th century and ended the existence of the state, resulting in the elimination of sovereign Poland and Lithuania for 12 ...

. He was a professor at the

Academy of Fine Arts The following is a list of notable art schools. Accredited non-profit art and design colleges * Adelaide Central School of Art * Alberta College of Art and Design * Art Academy of Cincinnati * Art Center College of Design * The Art Institute o ...

and served as its principal in 1893/95. One of his best students was

Jan Matejko Jan Alojzy Matejko (; also known as Jan Mateyko; 24 June 1838 – 1 November 1893) was a Poles, Polish painting, painter, a leading 19th-century exponent of history painting, known for depicting nodal events from Polish history. His works includ ...

, the eminent Polish historical painter and later, his close associate. Łuszczkiewicz taught painting, drawing, anatomy and architectural styles. Highly educated, he also worked as conservator of architectural monuments in the city later on in his career, and wrote historical dissertations.

Life

Władysław Łuszczkiewicz was born in Kraków in 1828 and after graduating from St Anne High School (where his father Michał of the

Rola coat of arms Rola is a Polish coat of arms. It was used by several szlachta families in the times of the Kingdom of Poland and Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. One of the several Polish coats of arms which adopted Lithuanian catholic nobles due to Union of ...

was a professor), he enrolled at the Department of History of the

Jagiellonian University The Jagiellonian University (Polish: ''Uniwersytet Jagielloński'', UJ) is a public research university in Kraków, Poland. Founded in 1364 by King Casimir III the Great, it is the oldest university in Poland and the 13th oldest university in ...

. At the same time, he began to study painting at the

School of Fine Arts The School of Fine Arts or College of Fine Arts is the official name or part of the name of several schools of fine arts, often as an academic part of a larger university. These include: The Americas North America *Alabama School of Fine ...

with

Wojciech Stattler Wojciech Korneli Stattler or Albert Kornel Stattler (April 20, 1800 – November 6, 1875) was a Polish Romantic painter of Swiss aristocratic ancestry, who started training in Vienna and at age 17 went to St. Luke's Academy in Rome. From 1831 he ...

and

Jan Nepomucen Głowacki Jan Nepomucen Głowacki (1802 – July 28, 1847) was a Polish realist painter of the Romantic era, regarded as the most outstanding landscape painter of the early 19th century in Poland under the foreign partitions. Głowacki studied painting at ...

. His talent was rewarded with a scholarship which enabled Łuszczkiewicz to continue his studies at the

École des Beaux-Arts École des Beaux-Arts (; ) refers to a number of influential art schools in France. The term is associated with the Beaux-Arts style in architecture and city planning that thrived in France and other countries during the late nineteenth century ...

in Paris from 1849. While in France, he also developed his lifelong interest in historicism. Łuszczkiewicz Ofiarowanie kura bractwu strzeleckiemu

Łuszczkiewicz Ofiarowanie kura bractwu strzeleckiemu

Łuszczkiewicz began to teach art while still a student himself. His beloved Kraków was under the military rule of

Austria-Hungary Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire,, the Dual Monarchy, or Austria, was a constitutional monarchy and great power in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. It was formed with the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of ...

, and all fields of education were grossly neglected. He often gave private art classes for free to struggling artists. Łuszczkiewicz was nominated as professor at the Academy in 1877. Among his students (aside from Matejko) were the future luminaries of Polish art of the

turn-of-the-century Turn of the century, in its broadest sense, refers to the transition from one century to another. The term is most often used to indicate a distinctive time period either before or after the beginning of a century or both before and after. Ac ...

including

Artur Grottger Artur Grottger (11 November 1837 – 13 December 1867) was a Polish Romantic painter and graphic artist, one of the most prominent artists of the mid 19th century under the foreign partitions of Poland, despite a life cut short by incurable ill ...

, Aleksander Kotsis,

Józef Mehoffer Józef Mehoffer (19 March 1869 – 8 July 1946) was a Polish painter and decorative artist, one of the leading artists of the Young Poland movement and one of the most revered Polish artists of his time. Life Mehoffer was born in Ropczyce, ...

Jacek Malczewski Jacek Malczewski (; 15 July 1854 – 8 October 1929) was a Polish symbolist painter who is one of the most revered painters of Poland, associated with the patriotic Young Poland movement following a century of Partitions. He is regarded as the f ...

Stanisław Wyspiański Stanisław Mateusz Ignacy Wyspiański (; 15 January 1869 – 28 November 1907) was a Polish playwright, painter and poet, as well as interior and furniture designer. A patriotic writer, he created a series of symbolic, national dramas within ...

and

Wojciech Weiss Wojciech Weiss (4 May 1875 – 7 December 1950) was a prominent Polish painter and draughtsman of the Young Poland movement. Weiss was born in Bukovina to a Polish family in exile of Stanisław Weiss and Maria Kopaczyńska. He gave up mus ...

. He introduced them to

plein-air ''En plein air'' (; French for 'outdoors'), or ''plein air'' painting, is the act of painting outdoors. This method contrasts with studio painting or academic rules that might create a predetermined look. The theory of 'En plein air' painting ...

painting by organizing trips to places of historical significance outside the city. In 1883 he was chosen as director of the

National Museum in Kraków National may refer to: Common uses * Nation or country ** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen Places in the United States * National, Maryland, ce ...

. In 1893/95 he served as

rector Rector (Latin for the member of a vessel's crew who steers) may refer to: Style or title *Rector (ecclesiastical), a cleric who functions as an administrative leader in some Christian denominations *Rector (academia), a senior official in an edu ...

of the Academy of Fine Arts. His own historical paintings filled with knowledge of period artifacts and costume, were a great source of inspiration for Jan Matejko.). ''— Nina Kinitz, 2009; § 5., group=note They often came into being as pictorial representations of his scientific discoveries and literature on the subject. He stopped painting towards the end of his life and turned entirely to writing and art conservation advocacy. In recognition of his work, Łuszczkiewicz was awarded the title of

doctor honoris causa An honorary degree is an academic degree for which a university (or other degree-awarding institution) has waived all of the usual requirements. It is also known by the Latin phrases ''honoris causa'' ("for the sake of the honour") or ''ad hon ...

of the Jagiellonian University in 1900, and died in Kraków prior to award ceremony in the same year. He was married to Malwina Ramloff (1858) and had four children: Napoleon, Zofia, Wojciech Józef, and Maria.

Footnotes

References

* Maria Rzepińska (1983)
''Władysław Łuszczkiewicz, malarz i pedagog''
Wydawn. Literackie, 125 pages, * Władysław Łuszczkiewicz (1899)

Drukarnia "Czasu". Issue 11 of ''Biblioteka krakowska'' * Stefania Krzysztofowicz-Kozakowska, Franciszek Stolot. ''Historia malarstwa polskiego.'' Wydawnictwo Ryszard Kluszczyński. Kraków 2000. * Anna Lewicka-Morawska, Marek Machowski, Maria Anna Rudzka. ''Slownik malarzy polskich.'' Wydawnictwo ARKADY. Warszawa 2003. * Stefania Krzysztofowicz-Kozakowska. ''Malarstwo polskie w zbiorach za granicą.'' Wydawnictwo Ryszard Kluszczyński. Kraków. {{DEFAULTSORT:Luszczkiewicz, Wladyslaw 1828 births 1900 deaths Artists from Kraków 19th-century Polish painters 19th-century Polish male artists Polish male painters