Winiary is a district of Kalisz, Poland, located in the eastern part of the city. The Winiary food company is based in the district.

History

The oldest known mention of Winiary dates back to 1294. Within the Kingdom of Poland, it was administratively located in the Kalisz County in the

Kalisz Voivodeship Kalisz Voivodeship may also refer to: *Kalisz Voivodeship (1314–1793) *Kalisz Voivodeship (1816–1837) The Kalisz Voivodeship was a voivodeship of the Congress Poland, that existed from 1816 to 1837. Its capital was Kalisz. It was established o ...

in the Greater Poland Province. An ancient pagan cemetery was discovered in Winiary in 1890. During the German occupation of Poland ( World War II), in 1939–1940, Winiary was the site of German massacres of several hundreds of

Poles Poles,, ; singular masculine: ''Polak'', singular feminine: ''Polka'' or Polish people, are a West Slavic nation and ethnic group, who share a common history, culture, the Polish language and are identified with the country of Poland in Ce ...

(see '' Nazi crimes against the Polish nation''). Among the victims were defenders of Kalisz, people from Winiary, Kalisz, Ostrów Wielkopolski, Ostrzeszów and other nearby settlements arrested during the genocidal '' Intelligenzaktion'' campaign, former insurgents of the Greater Poland uprising, merchants, entrepreneurs, teachers, school principals, doctors, railwaymen, lawyers, farmers and mayors of Ostrów Wielkopolski and Odolanów. In 1940, the occupiers also carried out expulsions of Poles, whose houses and farms were then handed over to German colonists as part of the '' Lebensraum'' policy. In 1940, Polish spy and

resistance Resistance may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Comics * Either of two similarly named but otherwise unrelated comic book series, both published by Wildstorm: ** ''Resistance'' (comics), based on the video game of the same title ** ''T ...

member Alfred Nowacki, officially classified as a German, settled in Winiary, and soon founded a food processing company. The factory became a focal point of the Kalisz unit of the Home Army, and Nowacki fictitiously employed his Polish underground associates there. In March 1944 he was arrested by the Gestapo, then subjected to brutal investigation in Łódź, and eventually sentenced to death and executed in nearby

Skarszew Skarszew is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Żelazków, within Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately north-east of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań ...

in 1945.

Transport

The Kalisz Winiary railway station is located in the district.

References

{{Massacres of Poles Kalisz Neighbourhoods in Poland Sites of World War II massacres of Poles Intelligenzaktion massacre locations Populated riverside places in Poland