Winfrith Newburgh (), commonly called just Winfrith, is a village and
civil parish
In England, a civil parish is a type of administrative parish used for local government. It is a territorial designation which is the lowest tier of local government below districts and counties, or their combined form, the unitary authority ...
in
Dorset
Dorset ( ; archaically: Dorsetshire , ) is a county in South West England on the English Channel coast. The ceremonial county comprises the unitary authority areas of Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole and Dorset (unitary authority), Dors ...
, England. It is about west of Wareham and east of the county town
Dorchester. It was historically part of the
Winfrith hundred
Winfrith Hundred was a hundred in the county of Dorset, England, containing the following parishes:
*Coombe Keynes
* East Lulworth
* East Stoke
*Moreton (part)
* Owermoigne (later a separate liberty)
*Poxwell
*Warmwell
* Watercombe (from 1858)
*W ...
. In the
2011 Census the civil parish – which includes the hamlet of East Knighton to the northeast – had 300 households and a population of 669. An
electoral ward
A ward is a local authority area, typically used for electoral purposes. In some countries, wards are usually named after neighbourhoods, thoroughfares, parishes, landmarks, geographical features and in some cases historical figures connected to t ...
simply named "Winfrith" exists but extends northwards to Briantspuddle. The total population of this ward was 1,618.
Description
The name Winfrith derives from the river Win, which runs through the village. In 1086 in the
Domesday Book
Domesday Book () – the Middle English spelling of "Doomsday Book" – is a manuscript record of the "Great Survey" of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086 by order of King William I, known as William the Conqueror. The manusc ...
it was recorded as ''Winfrode'', and Bolla the priest held the
manor. It was later granted to
Robert de Neubourg
Robert I de Neubourg (died 1159) was an Anglo-Norman aristocrat.
He was the fourth son of Henry de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Warwick, and inherited his father's Normandy lands, holding Neubourg (today Le Neubourg, near Louviers, Eure) from Waleran ...
, whose descendants were
Lords of the Manor
Lord of the Manor is a title that, in Anglo-Saxon England, referred to the landholder of a rural estate. The lord enjoyed manorial rights (the rights to establish and occupy a residence, known as the manor house and demesne) as well as seigno ...
until the death of Sir Roger Newburgh in 1514. The family name is incorporated into the village's name. The lordship then passed, along with the Newburghs' foundation of
Bindon Abbey
Bindon Abbey (''Bindonium'') was a Cistercian monastery, of which only ruins remain, on the River Frome about half a mile east of Wool in the Purbeck District, Dorset, England.
History
The monastery was founded in 1149 by William de Glastoni ...
, to the
Marney family, and then to the
Poynings
Poynings ( or ) is a village and civil parish in the Mid Sussex District of West Sussex, England. The parish lies wholly with the South Downs National Park. To its south is Brighton and Hove, to its west is the Fulking parish, to its east is t ...
and the
Howards, before being purchased by the
Weld family in 1641.
The ancient road from Dorchester to Wareham ran through the centre of the village. However this was replaced by a
turnpike
Turnpike often refers to:
* A type of gate, another word for a turnstile
* In the United States, a toll road
Turnpike may also refer to:
Roads United Kingdom
* A turnpike road, a principal road maintained by a turnpike trust, a body with powers ...
(now the
A352 road
List of A roads in zone 3 in Great Britain
Great Britain is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe. With an area of , it is the largest of the British Isles, the largest European island ...
) in the 18th century, and the village is now south of the main road. The Red Lion Inn marks the turn to the village. North of the road is the
hamlet
''The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark'', often shortened to ''Hamlet'' (), is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare sometime between 1599 and 1601. It is Shakespeare's longest play, with 29,551 words. Set in Denmark, the play depicts ...
of East Knighton. The hamlet of East Burton, further east, was formerly in the parish of Winfrith Newburgh, but is now part of
Wool
Wool is the textile fibre obtained from sheep and other mammals, especially goats, rabbits, and camelids. The term may also refer to inorganic materials, such as mineral wool and glass wool, that have properties similar to animal wool.
As ...
.
Also to the north of the village is the
Dorset Green Technology Park
Dorset Innovation Park (formerly Dorset Green Technology Park, and earlier known as Winfrith Technology Centre) is a science and technology park which is owned by the Homes and Communities Agency. The site was the former UKAEA Winfrith Atomic Ene ...
, on the site of the former
UKAEA
The United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority is a UK government research organisation responsible for the development of fusion energy. It is an executive non-departmental public body of the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy ( ...
Winfrith Atomic Energy Establishment. The latter was in service from the 1950s to early 1990s, and the
Steam Generating Heavy Water Reactor was developed there. The surrounding heathland is a
Dorset Wildlife Trust
Dorset Wildlife Trust (DWT) is a wildlife trust covering the county of Dorset, United Kingdom. The trust was founded in 1961 as Dorset Naturalists' Trust, to protect and conserve the wildlife and natural habitats of the county.
DWT is one of 4 ...
nature reserve,
Tadnoll and Winfrith Heath
Tadnoll and Winfrith Heath is a nature reserve of the Dorset Wildlife Trust, near the village of Winfrith Newburgh in Dorset, England. There is heathland and wetland in the reserve.
Winfrith Heath is designated a Site of Special Scientific Inter ...
.
The
Church of England parish church
A parish church in the Church of England is the church which acts as the religious centre for the people within each Church of England parish (the smallest and most basic Church of England administrative unit; since the 19th century sometimes ca ...
of
Saint Christopher
Saint Christopher ( el, Ἅγιος Χριστόφορος, ''Ágios Christóphoros'') is veneration, venerated by several Christianity, Christian denominations as a martyr killed in the reign of the 3rd-century Roman Empire, Roman emperor Deciu ...
was extensively
restored
''Restored'' is the fourth
studio album by American contemporary Christian music musician Jeremy Camp. It was released on November 16, 2004 by BEC Recordings.
Track listing
Standard release
Enhanced edition
Deluxe gold edition
Standard ...
and enlarged in 1854. At this time the north aisle was added, however some Norman architectural features still remain, the most notable being the north doorway. The
parish register
A parish register in an ecclesiastical parish is a handwritten volume, normally kept in the parish church in which certain details of religious ceremonies marking major events such as baptisms (together with the dates and names of the parents), ma ...
s date from 1585. The parish was merged with those of
Chaldon Herring,
East Lulworth
East Lulworth is a village and civil parish nine miles east of Dorchester, near Lulworth Cove, in the county of Dorset, South West England. It consists of 17th-century thatched cottages. The village is now dominated by the barracks of the Royal ...
and
West Lulworth
West Lulworth is a village and civil parish in the English county of Dorset, situated on the English Channel beside Lulworth Cove. In the 2011 census the civil parish—which includes most of Lulworth Camp army base—had 291 households and a po ...
in 1979.
The village has a
Church of England
The Church of England (C of E) is the established Christian church in England and the mother church of the international Anglican Communion. It traces its history to the Christian church recorded as existing in the Roman province of Britain ...
Primary School (now merged with that at
West Lulworth
West Lulworth is a village and civil parish in the English county of Dorset, situated on the English Channel beside Lulworth Cove. In the 2011 census the civil parish—which includes most of Lulworth Camp army base—had 291 households and a po ...
), a post office, a football team, a cricket club, a drama club, a swimming pool, and a basketball court. Knighton Heath, the
Five Marys
The Five Marys is a group of Bronze Age round barrows near the village of Chaldon Herring, in Dorset, England. The site is a scheduled monument.
Description
The barrows, on a west–east ridge overlooking Chaldon Herring to the south, are in an ...
and Maggot Wood (Coombe Wood) are used for horse riding.
The Winfrith Riot
![Winfrith Newburgh, The Post Office - geograph](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Winfrith_Newburgh%2C_The_Post_Office_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1749393.jpg)
Winfrith was the scene of an initially peaceful protest by agricultural workers on Monday 29 November 1830 during the
Swing riots. The
Riot Act
The Riot Act (1 Geo.1 St.2 c.5), sometimes called the Riot Act 1714 or the Riot Act 1715, was an act of the Parliament of Great Britain which authorised local authorities to declare any group of 12 or more people to be unlawfully assembled and o ...
was read by the local magistrate, James Frampton of
Moreton Moreton may refer to:
People Given name
* Moreton John Wheatley (1837–1916), British Army officer and Bailiff of the Royal Parks
Surname
* Alice Bertha Moreton (1901–1977), English sculptor, draughtsman and artist
* Andrew Moreton, a p ...
, however the protesters failed to disperse and three men were arrested. The events were described by Frampton's sister,
Mary Frampton
Mary Frampton (7 June 1773 – 1846) was an English diarist and botanist.
Biography
Mary Frampton was born on 7 June 1773 in Moreton, Dorset. Her father was James Frampton and her mother was Phillis Frampton, ex-wife of Charlton Wollaston. Fr ...
, in her journal:
November 28th 830
__NOTOC__
Year 830 ( DCCCXXX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place Britain
* King Wiglaf of Mercia regains control from Wessex, and returns to the throne.S ...
– Notice was received of an intended rising of the people at the adjacent villages of Winfrith, Wool, and Lulworth – the latter six miles off – which took place on the 30th ctually_the_29th,_the_date_given_in_the_Dorchester_prison_registers.html" ;"title="prison_register.html" ;"title="ctually the 29th, the date given in the Dorchester prison register">ctually the 29th, the date given in the Dorchester prison registers">prison_register.html" ;"title="ctually the 29th, the date given in the Dorchester prison register">ctually the 29th, the date given in the Dorchester prison registers My brother, Mr Frampton, was joined very early on that morning by a large body of farmers etc. from his immediate neighbourhood, as well as some from a distance, all special constables, amounting to upwards of 150, armed only with a short staff, the pattern for which had been sent by order of Government to equip what was called the Constabulary force. The numbers increased as they rode on towards Winfrith, where the clergyman [George Ingram Fisher] was unpopular, and his premises supposed to be in danger. The mob, urged on from behind hedges etc. by a number of women and children, advanced rather respectfully, and with their hats in their hands, to demand increase of wages, but would not listen to the request that they would disperse. The Riot Act was read. They still urged forwards, and came close up to Mr Frampton's horse; he then collared one man, but in giving him in charge he slipped from his captors by leaving his smock-frock in their hands. Another mob from Lulworth were said to be advancing, and as the first mob seemed to have dispersed, Mr Fampton
Ampton is a village and civil parish in the West Suffolk District of Suffolk, England, about five miles north of Bury St Edmunds.
According to Eilert Ekwall the meaning of the village name is 'Amma's homestead'.
According to the 2001 census ...
was going, almost alone, to speak to them, when he was cautioned to beware, as the others had retreated only to advance again with more effect in the rear. The whole body of the constabulary then advanced with Mr Frampton, and, after an ineffectual parley, charged them, when three men were taken, and were conveyed by my brother and his son Henry, and a part of the constabulary force, to Dorchester, and committed to gaol. I was at Moreton that day with Lady Harriot Fampton
Ampton is a village and civil parish in the West Suffolk District of Suffolk, England, about five miles north of Bury St Edmunds.
According to Eilert Ekwall the meaning of the village name is 'Amma's homestead'.
According to the 2001 census ...
Our gentlemen returned about six o'clock; they described the mob they had encountered as being in general very fine-looking young men, and particularly well-dressed, as if they had put on their best clothes for the occasion.
The treatment of the three men arrested was fairly lenient by the standards of the day: one was imprisoned for three months and all three were bound over to keep the peace for two years.
Dorchester Prison Admission and Discharge Registers (29 Nov 1830)
Dorset History Centre. The underlying causes of the Swing Riots – low pay and increased mechanisation – remained however, and in 1832 a group of agricultural workers from Tolpuddle
Tolpuddle () is a village in Dorset, England, on the River Piddle from which it takes its name, east of Dorchester, the county town, and west of Poole. The estimated population in 2013 was 420.
The village was home to the Tolpuddle Martyrs, ...
– eight miles north of Winfrith – formed a Friendly Society to protest against these same issues. In 1834 the same James Frampton who had read the Riot Act at Winfrith invoked an obscure law against oath-swearing to prosecute what became known as the Tolpuddle Martyrs
The Tolpuddle Martyrs were six agricultural labourers from the village of Tolpuddle in Dorset, England, who, in 1834, were convicted of swearing a secret oath as members of the Friendly Society of Agricultural Labourers. They were arrested on ...
.
References
External links
AEA Technology
Winfrith Technology Centre
Winfrith Newburgh & East Knighton
{{authority control
Civil parishes in Dorset
Villages in Dorset