William Paine Lord (July 20, 1838February 17, 1911) was an American
Republican
Republican can refer to:
Political ideology
* An advocate of a republic, a type of government that is not a monarchy or dictatorship, and is usually associated with the rule of law.
** Republicanism, the ideology in support of republics or agains ...
politician who served as the 9th governor of Oregon from 1895 to 1899. The
Delaware
Delaware ( ) is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, bordering Maryland to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and New Jersey and the Atlantic Ocean to its east. The state takes its name from the adjacent Del ...
native previously served as the 27th justice of the
Oregon Supreme Court
The Oregon Supreme Court (OSC) is the highest state court in the U.S. state of Oregon. The only court that may reverse or modify a decision of the Oregon Supreme Court is the Supreme Court of the United States.[Argentina
Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ...]
in South America and later helped to codify
Oregon
Oregon () is a U.S. state, state in the Pacific Northwest region of the Western United States. The Columbia River delineates much of Oregon's northern boundary with Washington (state), Washington, while the Snake River delineates much of it ...
's laws.
Early life
Born to Edward and Elizabeth (Paine) Lord on July 20, 1838 in
Dover, Delaware
Dover () is the capital and second-largest city of the U.S. state of Delaware. It is also the county seat of Kent County and the principal city of the Dover, DE, Metropolitan Statistical Area, which encompasses all of Kent County and is part of ...
, Lord was partially deaf, and had limited speaking ability. He received his primary education at a
Quaker
Quakers are people who belong to a historically Protestant Christian set of Christian denomination, denominations known formally as the Religious Society of Friends. Members of these movements ("theFriends") are generally united by a belie ...
school and through private tutoring. He subsequently studied law at Fairfield College, graduating in 1860. Before he could continue further into his studies, Lord volunteered for military service in the
American Civil War
The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), the latter formed by states th ...
, advancing to the rank of Major in the
1st Delaware Cavalry in the Union
Army of the Potomac
The Army of the Potomac was the principal Union Army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War. It was created in July 1861 shortly after the First Battle of Bull Run and was disbanded in June 1865 following the surrender of the Confedera ...
.
Once the war ended, Lord continued in law school at
Albany College
Lewis & Clark College is a private liberal arts college in Portland, Oregon. Originally chartered in 1867 as the Albany Collegiate Institute in Albany, Oregon, the college was relocated to Portland in 1938 and in 1942 adopted the name Lewis & ...
in New York, graduating there in 1866. He then returned to the military for a second time, re-enlisting at the rank of lieutenant. His duties would include postings at
Alcatraz
Alcatraz Island () is a small island in San Francisco Bay, offshore from San Francisco, California, United States. The island was developed in the mid-19th century with facilities for a lighthouse, a military fortification, and a military pris ...
in
San Francisco
San Francisco (; Spanish language, Spanish for "Francis of Assisi, Saint Francis"), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the commercial, financial, and cultural center of Northern California. The city proper is the List of Ca ...
and
Fort Steilacoom
''For the adjacent park, see Fort Steilacoom Park''
Fort Steilacoom was founded by the U.S. Army in 1849 near Lake Steilacoom. It was among the first military fortifications built by the U.S. north of the Columbia River in what was to become the ...
near
Tacoma, Washington
Tacoma ( ) is the county seat of Pierce County, Washington, United States. A port city, it is situated along Washington's Puget Sound, southwest of Seattle, northeast of the state capital, Olympia, Washington, Olympia, and northwest of Mount ...
. When the United States took
formal possession of Alaska in 1867, Lt. Lord was sent to
Sitka
russian: Ситка
, native_name_lang = tli
, settlement_type = Consolidated city-borough
, image_skyline = File:Sitka 84 Elev 135.jpg
, image_caption = Downtown Sitka in 1984
, image_size ...
. In 1868, Lord resigned from the army in order to set up a law practice in
Salem, Oregon
Salem ( ) is the capital of the U.S. state of Oregon, and the county seat of Marion County, Oregon, Marion County. It is located in the center of the Willamette Valley alongside the Willamette River, which runs north through the city. The river ...
.
Entry into politics
William Paine Lord soon became involved in politics, as he became Salem's City Attorney in 1870. His first elected office was a state Senate seat in 1878. He resigned his Senate seat for a successful run as the Republican nominee for Justice of the
Oregon Supreme Court
The Oregon Supreme Court (OSC) is the highest state court in the U.S. state of Oregon. The only court that may reverse or modify a decision of the Oregon Supreme Court is the Supreme Court of the United States.[jurist
A jurist is a person with expert knowledge of law; someone who analyses and comments on law. This person is usually a specialist legal scholar, mostly (but not always) with a formal qualification in law and often a legal practitioner. In the Uni ...]
in state history, serving out his last term as
Chief Justice.
He accepted the Republican nomination for the 1894 Oregon governor's race, stepping down from the court after his gubernatorial election victory.
Governorship
William Lord was popular and he was easily elected to the Governor's Office. He immediately set out to support higher education, eliminate corruption from land speculators, and fueled support for the direct election of
United States Senator
The United States Senate is the Upper house, upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the United States House of Representatives, House of Representatives being the Lower house, lower chamber. Together they compose the national Bica ...
s, when the Senate refused to seat
Henry W. Corbett, Lord's appointee. In 1895, the
University of Oregon
The University of Oregon (UO, U of O or Oregon) is a public research university in Eugene, Oregon. Founded in 1876, the institution is well known for its strong ties to the sports apparel and marketing firm Nike, Inc, and its co-founder, billion ...
conferred an honorary doctorate of laws degree on the governor.
He promoted ending the corrupt
land speculation
In finance, speculation is the purchase of an asset (a commodity, goods, or real estate) with the hope that it will become more valuable shortly. (It can also refer to short sales in which the speculator hopes for a decline in value.)
Many s ...
practices of the time by creating the State Land Board, headed by an official State Land Agent. The present land-use system protecting Oregon's wildlife and fisheries would evolve from this early agency.
The
1897 House failed to organize, caught up on a dispute over the reelection of U.S. Senator
John H. Mitchell
John Hipple Mitchell, also known as John Mitchell Hipple, John H. Mitchell, or J. H. Mitchell (June 22, 1835December 8, 1905) was an American lawyer, politician, and convicted criminal. He served as a Republican United States Senator from Oregon ...
.
Lord also called for a constitutional amendment to the
Oregon Constitution
The Oregon Constitution is the governing document of the U.S. state of Oregon, originally enacted in 1857. As amended the current state constitution contains eighteen sections, beginning with a bill of rights. allowing the Governor a
line item veto
The line-item veto, also called the partial veto, is a special form of veto power that authorizes a chief executive to reject particular provisions of a bill enacted by a legislature without vetoing the entire bill. Many countries have different ...
. While nothing came of this during his term of office, later governors would support Lord's proposal. The line item veto was finally approved in 1916.
Lord lost his bid for a second term, in the closely fought 1898 primary election campaign against fellow Republican
Theodore T. Geer.
Later life
Shortly after leaving the Governor's Office, Lord was appointed the U.S. Minister (
Ambassador
An ambassador is an official envoy, especially a high-ranking diplomat who represents a state and is usually accredited to another sovereign state or to an international organization as the resident representative of their own government or sov ...
) to Argentina by the
McKinley Administration. He served in that capacity until 1902, after which he returned to Oregon.
In 1902, William Paine Lord was appointed as Code Commissioner by the Supreme Court of Oregon. In this position, which he held until 1910, he examined and annotated all existing Oregon Statute Laws, compiling them into three volumex, ''Lord's Oregon Laws''officially the Oregon Statute Code of 1909.
In 1910 Lord retired to San Francisco, where he would die on February 17, 1911.
His body was returned to Oregon where it is interred in
Mount Crest Abbey Mausoleum in Salem.
References
External links
Oregon State LibraryOregon State Archive bio* Klooster, Karl. ''Round the Roses II: More Past Portland Perspectives'', p. 111, 1992
Findagrave memorialOregon State Archives: Lord AdministrationPhoto, bio, records, and some public speeches of Governor Lord
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lord, William Paine
1838 births
1911 deaths
Republican Party governors of Oregon
Republican Party Oregon state senators
Albany Law School alumni
People of Oregon in the American Civil War
Politicians from Salem, Oregon
Chief Justices of the Oregon Supreme Court
Ambassadors of the United States to Argentina
Union Army officers
People from Dover, Delaware
Burials at City View Cemetery
Lawyers from Salem, Oregon
Oregon city attorneys
19th-century American judges
19th-century American lawyers
20th-century American diplomats
Justices of the Oregon Supreme Court