William Emilio Rodriguez (1879–1970) was an American
socialist politician and lawyer. A founding member of the Chicago chapter of the
American Civil Liberties Union, Rodriguez is best remembered as the first
Hispanic individual elected to the
Chicago City Council
The Chicago City Council is the legislative branch of the government of the City of Chicago in Illinois. It consists of 50 alderpersons elected from 50 wards to serve four-year terms. The council is gaveled into session regularly, usually mont ...
.
Biography
Early years
William (
christened Eldritus) Emilio Rodriguez was born in
Naperville, Illinois on September 15, 1879. His father, Emilio, was a
Spaniard
Spaniards, or Spanish people, are a Romance ethnic group native to Spain. Within Spain, there are a number of national and regional ethnic identities that reflect the country's complex history, including a number of different languages, both ind ...
who worked as a laborer and his mother, of ethnic
German extraction, was born in
Germany.
["Chicago's First Hispanic Alderman: How William E. Rodriguez broke ethnic — and political — barriers," ''Chicago'' magazine, vol. 30, no. 11 (November 1981), pp. 144–147.]
Rodriguez attended public schools and worked as a house painter following his graduation from high school.
He later entered law school, graduating from
John Marshall Law School in 1912 and joining a small firm in Chicago. He was the first Hispanic graduate of the John Marshall Law School.
Rodriguez married Sophia V. Levitin and was the
brother-in-law of radical journalist
J. Louis Engdahl, who was married to another Levitin sister.
Political career
Rodriguez joined the
Socialist Party of America
The Socialist Party of America (SPA) was a socialist political party in the United States formed in 1901 by a merger between the three-year-old Social Democratic Party of America and disaffected elements of the Socialist Labor Party of Ameri ...
from shortly after his graduation of high school.
Rodriguez made a first unsuccessful attempt at winning election to the Chicago City Council in April 1910, running in Ward 20 as part of a slate of 35 Socialist candidates.
["Socialists in Slight Gain in Chicago Poll," ''Chicago Daily Socialist,'' vol. 4, no. 139 (April 7, 1910), pg. 2.] Only 324 votes were recorded for Rodriguez in this inaugural effort.
In April 1911, Rodriguez was the Socialist candidate for
Mayor of Chicago
The mayor of Chicago is the chief executive of city government in Chicago, Illinois, the third-largest city in the United States. The mayor is responsible for the administration and management of various city departments, submits proposals and r ...
. In this race he garnered slightly less than 25,000 votes, trailing the major party candidates by over 135,000 each.
Rodriguez moved into the 15th Ward of Chicago, located in the city's northwest, and ran for
Chicago City Council
The Chicago City Council is the legislative branch of the government of the City of Chicago in Illinois. It consists of 50 alderpersons elected from 50 wards to serve four-year terms. The council is gaveled into session regularly, usually mont ...
in 1914. When the Republican victor of that race died suddenly not long after the election, Rodriguez announced his candidacy in the special election to fill the now-vacant seat. Rodriguez won the race for the remainder of the term with a plurality, and subsequently was reelected to a full term in 1916.
He was the first hispanic member of the Chicago City Council.
[
As a Chicago City Council member, Rodriguez targeted the city's transit companies, which he charged were making exorbitant profits and billing the public for unnecessary "public service messages" in the press.
Rodriguez was targeted in the 1918 City Council race in the climate of anti-Socialist nationalism and the Republicans and Democrats in his ward united behind a "fusion" candidate, who won by 266 votes.] Rodriguez was defeated by Oscar H. Olsen, a Republican running with Democratic support, owing to socialist opposition to American involvement in World War I.
In 1918, Rodriguez became involved in the Labor Party of Cook County, a forerunner of the Labor Party of the United States. He subsequently left the Socialist movement.
Later life
After his defeat in 1918. Rodriguez ran for Illinois Attorney General in 1920 on the Farmer–Labor Party's ticket and served on the party's executive committee during the same period. He served on the Farmer Labor party's executive committee He helped to establish the Chicago chapter of the American Civil Liberties Union and ran unsuccessfully for judge in 1933.[
Rodriguez continued to practice law until he was in his late-80s. After his retirement, Rodriguez moved to Phoenix, Arizona.]
Death and legacy
William E. Rodriguez died in 1970 in Phoenix, Arizona.
Footnotes
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rodriguez, William E.
1879 births
1970 deaths
Lawyers from Chicago
Chicago City Council members
Socialist Party of America politicians from Illinois
Labor Party of the United States politicians
Politicians from Naperville, Illinois
American people of Spanish descent
Hispanic and Latino American politicians
University of Illinois Chicago School of Law alumni
American people of German descent
Trade unionists from Illinois