Willem Van De Velde, The Younger on:
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Willem van de Velde the Younger (18 December 1633 (baptised)6 April 1707) was a Dutch 
The younger Van de Velde collaborated with his father, an experienced draughtsman, who prepared studies of the battles, events and seascapes in black and white (ink paintings), while the son used oil paints. Father and son were driven from the Netherlands by the political and economic conditions which resulted from war with the French, and moved to England. Here they were engaged by Charles II, both at a salary of £100, the Younger to aid his father in "taking and making draughts of sea-fights", his part of the work being to reproduce in color the drawings of the elder Van de Velde. He was also patronized by the
File:A memorial to Willem van de Velde the Older and the Younger in St James's Church, Piccadilly.jpg, A memorial to Willem van de Velde the Older and the Younger in St James's Church, Piccadilly.
Image:BattleOfTexel.jpg, ''The
marine painter
Marine art or maritime art is a form of figurative art (that is, painting, drawing, printmaking and sculpture) that portrays or draws its main inspiration from the sea. Maritime painting is a genre that depicts ships and the sea—a genre part ...
, the son of Willem van de Velde the Elder, who also specialised in maritime art. His brother, Adriaen van de Velde
Adriaen van de Velde (bapt. 30 November 1636, in Amsterdam – bur. 21 January 1672, in Amsterdam), was a Dutch painter, draughtsman and print artist. His favorite subjects were landscapes with animals and genre scenes.Leiden
Leiden (; in English and archaic Dutch also Leyden) is a city and municipality in the province of South Holland, Netherlands. The municipality of Leiden has a population of 119,713, but the city forms one densely connected agglomeration wit ...
, Holland
Holland is a geographical regionG. Geerts & H. Heestermans, 1981, ''Groot Woordenboek der Nederlandse Taal. Deel I'', Van Dale Lexicografie, Utrecht, p 1105 and former province on the western coast of the Netherlands. From the 10th to the 16th c ...
, Dutch Republic
The United Provinces of the Netherlands, also known as the (Seven) United Provinces, officially as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Dutch: ''Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden''), and commonly referred to in historiography ...
. He was instructed by his father, and around 1650 by Simon de Vlieger
Simon de Vlieger ( 1601buried 13 March 1653) was a Dutch painter, draughtsman and designer of tapestries, etchings, stained glass windows. While he is mainly known for his marine paintings he also painted beach scenes, landscapes and genre scen ...
, a marine painter of repute at the time, who worked around Weesp. He was also influenced by the work of the Dutch artist Jan van de Cappelle, who excelled at painting cloudy skies, the clouds often being reflected in the calm waters.
Willem was married twice, in 1652 with Petronella Le Maire coming from Weesp, but divorced. At that time he lived at Buitenkant and likely with a view on the harbour and the Amsterdam Admiralty
The Admiralty of Amsterdam was the largest of the five Dutch admiralties at the time of the Dutch Republic. The administration of the various admiralties was strongly influenced by provincial interests. The territory for which Amsterdam ...
; from 1655 one of his neighbors was Michiel de Ruyter. In 1656 he married Magdalena Walravens, the daughter of a skipper. The couple had four children and the last one was baptized at Zuiderkerk in 1674. He achieved great celebrity by his art before he came to London.
The younger Van de Velde collaborated with his father, an experienced draughtsman, who prepared studies of the battles, events and seascapes in black and white (ink paintings), while the son used oil paints. Father and son were driven from the Netherlands by the political and economic conditions which resulted from war with the French, and moved to England. Here they were engaged by Charles II, both at a salary of £100, the Younger to aid his father in "taking and making draughts of sea-fights", his part of the work being to reproduce in color the drawings of the elder Van de Velde. He was also patronized by the Duke of York
Duke of York is a title of nobility in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. Since the 15th century, it has, when granted, usually been given to the second son of English (later British) monarchs. The equivalent title in the Scottish peerage was Du ...
and by various members of the nobility.
He died on 6 April 1707 in Westminster
Westminster is an area of Central London, part of the wider City of Westminster.
The area, which extends from the River Thames to Oxford Street, has many visitor attractions and historic landmarks, including the Palace of Westminster, Bu ...
, England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe b ...
, and was buried at St James's Church, Piccadilly. A memorial to him and his father lies within the church.
Works
Most of Van de Velde's finest works represent views off the coast of Holland, with Dutch shipping. His best productions are delicate, spirited and finished in handling, and correct in the drawing of the vessels and their rigging. The numerous figures are tellingly introduced, and the artist is successful in his renderings of sea, whether in calm or storm. The ships are portrayed with almost photographic accuracy, and are the most precise guides available to the appearance of 17th-century ships. Substantial collections of Van de Velde's paintings and drawings are held in theNational Gallery
The National Gallery is an art museum in Trafalgar Square in the City of Westminster, in Central London, England. Founded in 1824, it houses a collection of over 2,300 paintings dating from the mid-13th century to 1900. The current Director o ...
, National Maritime Museum and the Wallace Collection
The Wallace Collection is a museum in London occupying Hertford House in Manchester Square, the former townhouse of the Seymour family, Marquesses of Hertford. It is named after Sir Richard Wallace, who built the extensive collection, along w ...
, all in London; the Rijksmuseum
The Rijksmuseum () is the national museum of the Netherlands dedicated to Dutch arts and history and is located in Amsterdam. The museum is located at the Museum Square in the borough of Amsterdam South, close to the Van Gogh Museum, the St ...
in Amsterdam; and the National Gallery of Art
The National Gallery of Art, and its attached Sculpture Garden, is a national art museum in Washington, D.C., United States, located on the National Mall, between 3rd and 9th Streets, at Constitution Avenue NW. Open to the public and free of char ...
in Washington DC.
References
*Gallery
Battle of Texel
The naval Battle of Texel or Battle of Kijkduin took place off the southern coast of island of Texel on 21 August 1673 (11 August Old Style, O.S.) between the Dutch Republic, Dutch and the combined Kingdom of England, English and Kingdom of Fra ...
'', painted 1687
File:The Burning of the Royal James at the Battle of Solebay, 28 May 1672 RMG BHC0302.tiff, ''The burning of the Royal James at the Battle of Solebay
The naval Battle of Solebay took place on 28 May Old Style, 7 June New Style 1672 and was the first naval battle of the Third Anglo-Dutch War.
The battle began as an attempted raid on Solebay port where an English fleet was anchored and large ...
''
Image:HMS St Andrew at sea in a moderate breeze.jpg, '' HMS ''St Andrew'' at sea in a moderate breeze'', painted c. 1673
Image:Ships Riding Quietely at Anchor (Willem van de Velde, the younger).jpg, ''Ships riding quietly at anchor'' c. 1670s
Image:An English Man-o-War in a Gale - Willem van de Velde the younger - Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery March 2012.jpg, ''The English Ship Hampton Court
Hampton Court Palace is a Grade I listed royal palace in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames, southwest and upstream of central London on the River Thames. The building of the palace began in 1514 for Cardinal Thomas Wolsey, the chief ...
in a Gale'' c. 1680s
Image:W Van De Velde, Calm - Fishing Boats Under Sail, 1655-60, Wallace Collection.jpg, ''Calm: Fishing Boats Under Sail'' c. 1655-60
File:Entrance to a Dutch Port MET DP146449.jpg, ''Entrance to a Dutch Port
''Entrance to a Dutch Port'' is an oil on canvas painting by Dutch artist Willem van de Velde the Younger, created ''c.'' 1665. The painting depicts a bustling harbor in the Netherlands. The work is indicative of the historical mercantile power of ...
'', c. 1665, Metropolitan Museum of Art
File:Willem van de Velde II - Dutch men-o'-war and other shipping in a calm.jpg, ''Dutch Ships in a Calm Sea
''Dutch Ships in a Calm Sea'' is a 1665 oil-on-canvas painting by Dutch marine artist Willem van de Velde the Younger (1633–1707). The son of Willem van de Velde the Elder, who also specialized in marine art, he was first instructed by his fath ...
'', , Rijksmuseum Amsterdam
File:Het Kanonschot - Canon fired (Willem van de Velde II, 1707).jpg, ''The cannon shot''
File:De Windstoot - A ship in need in a raging storm (Willem van de Velde II, 1707).jpg, ''The gust'' (c. 1680), in the collection of the Rijksmuseum
External links
* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Velde, Willem Van De, The Younger 1633 births 1707 deaths Artists from Leiden Dutch Golden Age painters Dutch male painters Dutch marine artists Sibling artists Burials at St James's Church, Piccadilly