White Oak

The genus ''Quercus'' contains about 500 species, some of which are listed here. The genus, as is the case with many large genera, is divided into subgenera and sections. Traditionally, the genus ''Quercus'' was divided into the two subgenera ''Cyclobalanopsis'', the ring-cupped oaks, and ''Quercus'', which included all the other sections. However, a comprehensive revision in 2017 identified different relationships. Now the genus is commonly divided into a subgenus ''Quercus'' and a sugenus ''Cerris'', with ''Cyclobalanopsis'' included in the latter. The sections of subgenus ''Quercus'' are mostly native to the New World, with the notable exception of the white oaks of sect. ''Quercus'' and the endemic Quercus pontica. In contrast, the sections of the subgenus ''Cerris'' are exclusively native to the Old World.

Legend

Species with evergreen foliage ("live oaks") are tagged '#'. Species in the genus have been recategorized between deciduous and evergreen on numerous occasions, although this does not necessarily mean that species in the two groups are closely related.

Subgenus ''Quercus''

Section ''Quercus''

up'' Quercus hiholensis'' acorn in matrix
The white oaks (synonym sect. ''Lepidobalanus'' or ''Leucobalanus''). Europe, Asia, north Africa, North America. Styles short; acorns mature in 6 months, sweet or slightly bitter, inside of acorn shell hairless.
* ''Quercus ajoensis'' — Ajo Mountain shrub oak, Blue shrub oak — Arizona, New Mexico, Baja California
* ''Quercus alba'' — white oak — eastern and central North America
* ''Quercus aliena'' — Oriental white oak — eastern Asia
* ''Quercus ariifolia'' — Mexico
* ''Quercus arizonica'' — Arizona white oak — # southwestern U.S., northwestern Mexico
* ''Quercus austrina'' — bluff oak — southeastern North America
* ''Quercus × bebbiana'' — Bebb's oak — northeastern North America
* ''Quercus berberidifolia'' — California shrub oak — # California
* ''Quercus bicolor'' — swamp white oak — eastern and midwestern North America
* ''Quercus × bimundorum'' — two worlds oak
* ''Quercus boyntonii'' — Boynton's post oak — south central North America
* ''Quercus brandegeei'' — Brandegee oak- Baja California Sur
* ''Quercus carmenensis'' — Carmen oak — Coahuila and Texas
* ''Quercus chapmanii'' — Chapman oak — # southeastern North America
* ''Quercus chihuahuensis'' — Chihuahua oak — northern Mexico and Texas
* ''Quercus cornelius-mulleri'' — Muller oak — # southwestern North America
* '' Quercus conzattii'' — Mexico
* ''Quercus copeyensis'' — # Costa Rica, Panama
* ''Quercus dalechampii'' — southeastern Europe
* ''Quercus depressipes'' — Davis Mountain oak — northern Mexico and Texas
* ''Quercus deserticola'' — # Mexico
* ''Quercus diversifolia'' — Mexico
* ''Quercus douglasii'' — blue oak — California
* ''Quercus dumosa'' — coastal shrub oak — # southern California, Baja California, Arizona
* '' Quercus durata'' — Leather oak — # California
* ''Quercus edwardsiae'' — Mexico
* ''Quercus engelmannii'' — Engelmann oak — # southern California, Baja California
* ''Quercus fabrei'' — Faber's oak — central to southern China
* ''Quercus faginea'' — Portuguese oak — # southwestern Europe
* '' Quercus fulva'' — Mexico
* †'' Quercus furuhjelmi'' — Eocene to Miocene - Alaska, Kazhakstan
* ''Quercus fusiformis'' — Texas live oak or plateau live oak — # south central North America
* ''Quercus gambelii'' — Gambel oak — southwestern North America
* ''Quercus garryana'' — Oregon white oak or Garry oak — western North America
* ''Quercus geminata'' — sand live oak — # southeastern United States
* ''Quercus glaucoides'' — # Mexico
* ''Quercus greggii'' — # Mexico
* ''Quercus griffithii'' — southeast Asia
* ''Quercus grisea'' — gray oak — # southwestern North America
* '' Quercus hartwissiana'' — Strandzha oak — southeastern Bulgaria, northern Turkey, western Georgia, southwestern Russia
* '' Quercus havardii'' — Havard oak, shinnery oak, shin oak — south central North America
* †''Quercus hiholensis'' — Miocene — # Washington State
* '' Quercus hinckleyi'' — Hinckley oak — # Texas, northwestern Mexico
* ''Quercus hondurensis
* ''Quercus iberica —'' Georgian oak — Caucasus an bordering regions
* ''Quercus infectoria'' — Aleppo oak, Cyprus oak — southern Europe, southwestern Asia
** ''Quercus infectoria'' Olivier var. ''veneris'' (C.K. Schneider) Meikle, or ''Quercus boissieri'' Reut./Boissier oak — Mount Hermon, Golan Heights, and Jordan
* '' Quercus insignis'' — Mexico, Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Panama
* ''Quercus intricata'' — Coahuila scrub oak — # two isolated localities in west Texas, northern Mexico
* '' Quercus john-tuckeri'' — Tucker's oak — California
* ''Quercus laceyi'' — lacey oak — Edwards Plateau of Texas, northern Mexico
* ''Quercus laeta'' — Mexico
* '' Quercus lanata'' — woolly-leaved oak — # Himalayas, southeast Asia
* '' Quercus lancifolia'' — southwestern North America, Mexico, South America
* '' Quercus leucotrichophora'' — Banj oak, blackjack oak, grey oak — # Himalayas
* '' Quercus liebmannii'' — Mexico
* ''Quercus lobata'' — valley oak or California white oak — California
* ''Quercus lusitanica'' — gall oak or Lusitanian oak — Iberia, North Africa
* ''Quercus lyrata'' — overcup oak — eastern North America
* ''Quercus macrocarpa'' — bur oak — eastern and central North America
* ''Quercus margarettae'' — sand post oak — southeastern North America
* '' Quercus magnoliifolia'' — Mexico
* ''Quercus martinezii'' — # Mexico
* ''Quercus mohriana'' — Mohr oak — # southwestern North America
* ''Quercus montana'' — chestnut oak — eastern North America (= ''Quercus prinus'')
* ''Quercus michauxii'' — swamp chestnut oak — eastern North America
* '' Quercus microphylla'' — Mexico
* ''Quercus minima'' — dwarf live oak — # southeastern North America
* ''Quercus mongolica'' — Mongolian oak — eastern Asia
* ''Quercus muehlenbergii'' — Chinkapin oak — eastern, central, and southwestern US (West Texas and New Mexico), northern Mexico
* '' Quercus oblongifolia'' — Arizona blue oak, Southwestern blue oak, or Mexican blue oak — # southwestern U.S., northwestern Mexico
* ''Quercus obtusata'' — Mexico
* ''Quercus oglethorpensis'' — Oglethorpe oak — southeastern North America
* ''Quercus oleoides'' — # from Costa Rica into Mexico
* ''Quercus oocarpa'' — Mexico
* ''Quercus pacifica'' — # Channel Islands, California
* ''Quercus peduncularis'' — # Central America
* ''Quercus petraea'' — sessile oak, durmast oak — Europe, Anatolia
* ''Quercus polymorpha'' — Monterrey oak, Mexican white oak — # Mexico and extreme S. Texas
* ''Quercus praeco'' — Mexico
* ''Quercus prinoides'' — dwarf chinkapin oak — eastern North America
* ''Quercus pubescens'' — downy oak — Europe, Anatolia
* ''Quercus pungens'' — Sandpaper oak or Pungens oak — southwestern U.S., Mexico
* ''Quercus robur'' — pedunculate oak, English oak or French oak — Europe, West Asia
* ''Quercus rugosa'' — netleaf oak or Rugosa oak — # southwestern U.S., northwestern Mexico
* '' Quercus sagraeana'' — Cuban oak — # western Cuba
* '' Quercus × schuettei'' — Schuette's oak — US, Canada
* '' Quercus sebifera'' — # Mexico
* '' Quercus segoviensis'' — Mexico and northern Central America
* ''Quercus serrata'' — Bao Li — # China, Taiwan, Japan, Korea
* ''Quercus similis'' — swamp post oak — southeastern North America
* '' Quercus sinuata'' — bastard oak — southern North America (formerly identified as ''Quercus durandii'')
** ''Quercus sinuata'' var. ''breviloba'' — Bigelow oak — northern Mexico, central Texas north to southwest and southcentral Oklahoma.
** ''Quercus sinuata'' var. ''sinuata'' — Durand oak — central Texas north to extreme southwest Arkansas, thence west to the Carolinas.
* ''Quercus stellata'' — post oak — eastern North America
* ''Quercus striatula'' — Mexico (Sierra Madre Occidental and Mexican Plateau ranges)
* '' Quercus subspathulata'' — Mexico
* '' Quercus tarahumara'' — northwestern Mexico
* ''Quercus toumeyi'' — Toumey oak — # southwest New Mexico, southeastern Arizona, northern Mexico
* '' Quercus tuberculata'' — Mexico
* ''Quercus turbinella'' — Turbinella oak, Arizona Blue Shrub oak, Shrub live oak or scrub live oak — # southwestern North America
* '' Quercus × turneri'' — Turner's oak — Spain
* '' Quercus vaseyana'' — Vasey oak — # southwestern North America
* '' Quercus verde'' — Mexico
* '' Quercus vicentensis'' — El Salvador, Guatemala, and southern Mexico
* ''Quercus virginiana'' — southern live oak — # southeastern North America
* ''Quercus welshii'' — havard oak, Utah sand oak, wavy leaf oak — # southwestern North America
* '' Quercus wutaishanica'' — Liaoning oak — China, Mongolia

Section ''Ponticae''

Western Asia and Western North America, produces catkins up to 10cm long, acorns mature annually.

* ''Quercus pontica'' — Pontine oak — western Asia
* ''Quercus sadleriana'' — deer oak — # southwestern Oregon, northern California

Section ''Mesobalanus''

Europe, Asia, north Africa. Styles long; acorns mature in 6 months, bitter, inside of acorn shell hairless (closely related to sect. ''Quercus'' and sometimes included in it).
* ''Quercus canariensis'' — Mirbeck's oak or Algerian oak — # North Africa & Spain
* ''Quercus dentata'' — daimyo oak — eastern Asia
* ''Quercus frainetto'' — Hungarian oak or Italian oak — southeastern Europe
* ''Quercus macranthera'' — Caucasian oak or Persian oak — western Asia
* ''Quercus pyrenaica'' — Pyrenean oak — southwestern Europe
* ''Quercus vulcanica'' — Kasnak oak — southwestern Asia

Section ''Protobalanus''

The intermediate oaks. Southwest USA and northwest Mexico. Styles short, acorns mature in 18 months, very bitter, inside of acorn shell woolly.

* '' Quercus cedrosensis'' — Cedros Island oak — # California + Baja California
* ''Quercus chrysolepis'' — canyon live oak — # southwestern North America
* ''Quercus palmeri'' — Palmer oak — # California, western Arizona
* ''Quercus tomentella'' — island oak — # offshore islands of California + Baja California
* ''Quercus vacciniifolia'' — huckleberry oak — # southwestern North America

Section ''Lobatae''

The red oaks (synonym sect. ''Erythrobalanus''). North, Central and South America. Styles long, acorns mature in 18 months (in most species),Kershner, Bruce, and Craig Tufts. ''National Wildlife Federation Field Guide to Trees of North America''. New York: Sterling Pub., 2008. Print. very bitter, inside of acorn shell woolly.
* ''Quercus acerifolia'' — maple-leaved oak or mapleleaf oak — Arkansas
* ''Quercus acherdophylla'' – # Mexico
* ''Quercus acutifolia'' – # Mexico
* ''Quercus agrifolia'' — coast live oak — # California, northern Baja California
* ''Quercus albocincta'' — Mexico (Sierra Madre Occidental)
* ''Quercus aristata'' — Mexico
* ''Quercus arkansana'' — Arkansas oak — southeastern North America
* ''Quercus benthamii'' – # southern Mexico and Central America
* ''Quercus brenesii'' — Costa Rica, Mexico
* ''Quercus buckleyi'' — Texas red oak — south central North America
* ''Quercus canbyi'' — Canby oak or Mexican red oak — # Mexico
* '' Quercus candicans'' — Mexico
* ''Quercus castanea'' — scarlet oak — eastern North America
* ''Quercus coccolobifolia'' — Mexico
* '' Quercus coffeicolor'' — Mexico
* '' Quercus conspersa'' — Mexico
* '' Quercus conzattii'' — Mexico
* '' Quercus cortesii'' – # southern Mexico and Central America
* ''Quercus costaricensis'' — Mexico
* '' Quercus crassipes'' — Mexico
* ''Quercus crispipilis'' — Mexico, Guatemala
* '' Quercus cualensis'' — # Mexico ( Sierra Madre del Sur)
* '' Quercus delgadoana'' — Mexico (Sierra Madre Oriental)
* '' Quercus depressa'' — Mexico
* ''Quercus durifolia'' — Mexico (Sierra Madre Occidental)
* '' Quercus dysophylla'' — Mexico
* '' Quercus eduardii'' — Mexico
* ''Quercus ellipsoidalis'' — northern pin oak — eastern North America
* ''Quercus elliptica'' — Emory oak — # southwestern U.S., northern Mexico
* '' Quercus falcata'' — southern red oak or Spanish oak — southeastern North America
* '' Quercus flocculenta'' — Mexico
* '' Quercus frutex'' — Mexico
* '' Quercus fulva'' — Mexico
* '' Quercus furfuracea'' — Mexico
* '' Quercus gentryi'' — Mexico
* ''Quercus glabrescens'' — Mexico
* ''Quercus gravesii'' — Chisos red oak or Graves oak — Mexico, southwestern North America (Texas)
* ''Quercus graciliformis'' — Chisos oak — western Texas
* ''Quercus georgiana'' — Georgia oak — southeastern North America
* ''Quercus hemisphaerica'' — laurel oak or Darlington oak — # southeastern North America
* ''Quercus hintonii

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