West Siberian Lowlands

The West Siberian Plain (russian: За́падно-Сиби́рская равни́на ''Zapadno-Sibirskaya ravnina'') is a large plain that occupies the western portion of Siberia, between the Ural Mountains in the west and the Yenisei River in the east, and by the Altai Mountains on the southeast. Much of the plain is poorly drained and consists of some of the world's largest swamps and floodplains. Important cities include Chelyabinsk, Novosibirsk, Omsk, and Tomsk, as well as Surgut and Nizhnevartovsk.

Winters on the West Siberian Plain are harsh and long. The climate of most of the plain areas is either subarctic or continental. The plain had large petroleum and natural gas reserves. Most of Russia’s oil and gas production was extracted from this area during the 1970s and 80s.

Geography

The West Siberian Plain is located east of the Ural Mountains mostly in the territory of Russia. It is one of the Great Russian Regions and has been described as the world's largest unbroken lowland – more than 50 percent is less than above sea level—and covers an area of about 2.6– which is about one third of Siberia. It extends from north to south for , reaching its maximum width of in its southern part.Physical Geography of the Soviet Union - West Siberian Plain
/ref> from the Arctic Ocean to the foothills of the Altai Mountains, and from east to west for from the Ural Mountains to the Yenisei River. Besides the Yenisei, other main rivers in the West Siberian Plain are from west to east the Irtysh, Ob, Nadym, Pur and Taz. There are many lakes and swamps and large regions of the plains are flooded in the spring.

The long Yenisei river flows broadly south to north, a distance of to the Arctic Ocean, where it discharges more than 20 million litres (5 million gallons) of water per second at its mouth. Together with its tributary Angara, the two rivers flow . The valley formed by the Yenisei acts as a rough dividing line between the West Siberian Plain and the Central Siberian Plateau.Западно-Сибирская равнина
Great Soviet Encyclopedia, in 30 vols. / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov - 3rd ed. 1969-1978. The Siberian Uvaly is a low hilly region stretching from east to west across the plain.Сибирские Увалы
Great Soviet Encyclopedia, in 30 vols. / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov - 3rd ed. 1969-1978. Glacial deposits extend as far south as the Ob-Irtysh confluence, forming occasional low hills and ridges, including the Ob Plateau in the south,Приобское плато
''Great Soviet Encyclopedia'' in 30 vols. — Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov. - 3rd ed. - M. Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978. (in Russian) but otherwise the plain is exceedingly flat and featureless. The Ishim Plain and the Baraba Lowland in the south are important agricultural areas. There are salt lakes in the Kulunda Plain, which extends southwards into Kazakhstan and is limited to the south by the Kokshetau Hills

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