The Well-Being Index is an online self-assessment tool invented by researchers at

Mayo Clinic The Mayo Clinic () is a nonprofit American academic medical center focused on integrated health care, education, and research. It employs over 4,500 physicians and scientists, along with another 58,400 administrative and allied health staff, ...

that measures

mental distress Mental distress or psychological distress encompasses the symptoms and experiences of a person's internal life that are commonly held to be troubling, confusing or out of the ordinary. Mental distress can potentially lead to a change of behavior, a ...

and

well-being Well-being, or wellbeing, also known as wellness, prudential value or quality of life, refers to what is intrinsically valuable relative ''to'' someone. So the well-being of a person is what is ultimately good ''for'' this person, what is in th ...

in seven-nine items. The Well-Being Index is an anonymous tool that allows participants to reassess on a monthly basis, track their well-being scores over time, compare their results to peers' and national averages, and access customized resources based on their assessment results. There are six clinically-validated versions of the Well-Being Index: Advanced Practice Provider, Employee, Medical Student, Nurse, Physician, and Resident/Fellow.

Overview

The Well-Being Index takes around one minute to complete and measures six dimensions of distress and well-being specific to the Well-Being Index version. Possible dimensions include: * Likelihood of burnout * Severe fatigue * Suicidal ideation *

Quality of life Quality of life (QOL) is defined by the World Health Organization as "an individual's perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards ...

* Meaning in work * Work-life integration * Risk of

medical error A medical error is a preventable adverse effect of care (" iatrogenesis"), whether or not it is evident or harmful to the patient. This might include an inaccurate or incomplete diagnosis or treatment of a disease, injury, syndrome, behavior ...

* Dropout risk * Overall well-being

History

The Well-Being Index was invented by Dr. Liselotte (Lotte) N. Dyrbye, MD, MHPE and Dr. Tait Shanafelt, MD of Mayo Clinic. It was originally developed to address

physician burnout Physician burnout has been classified as a psychological syndrome that can be expressed as a prolonged response to due chronic occupational stressors. In the practice of medicine, it has been known to affect a wide variety of individuals from medic ...

and distress internally at Mayo Clinic.

Uses

The Well-Being Index has been used by a variety of hospitals, universities, academic medical centers, and associations, including: *

Henry Ford Health System Henry Ford Health (formerly the Henry Ford Health System) is an integrated, not-for-profit health care organization in Metro Detroit. The corporate office is at One Ford Place, in Midtown Detroit, Michigan. Henry Ford Henry Ford (July 30, ...

Weill Cornell Medicine The Joan & Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University is Cornell University's biomedical research unit and medical school located in Upper East Side, Manhattan, New York City, New York. Weill Cornell Medicine is affiliated with NewY ...

* Ascension Medical Group *

Baylor College of Medicine Baylor College of Medicine (BCM) is a medical school and research center in Houston, Texas, within the Texas Medical Center, the world's largest medical center. BCM is composed of four academic components: the School of Medicine, the Graduate Sc ...

* American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) * American Pharmacists Association (APhA)

Versions

There are six clinically-validated versions of the Well-Being Index. Each version offers national benchmark comparative data.

Advanced Practice Provider Well-Being Index

The nine-item Advanced Practice Provider Well-Being Index measures distress and well-being among APPs, including nurse practitioners and physician assistants. This version of the Well-Being Index has been validated as a useful screening tool to measure likelihood of burnout, severe fatigue, prevalence of suicidal ideation, risk of medical error, meaning in work, and work-life integration among APPs.

Employee Well-Being Index (eWBI)

The eWBI was developed to identify distress and well-being among U.S. workers. The assessment consists of nine-items and measures six dimensions of distress and well-being, including quality of life, meaning in work, likelihood of burnout, severe fatigue, work-life integration, and suicidal ideation.

Medical Student Well-Being Index (MSWBI)

The MSWBI consists of seven items and is a version of the Well-Being Index designed to assess psychological distress in medical students. The MSWBI measures similar dimensions of distress and well-being as other versions of the Well-Being Index but includes dropout risk as a unique dimension.

Nurse Well-Being Index

The Nurse Well-Being Index is a nine-item assessment that measures likelihood of burnout, severe fatigue, suicidal ideation, quality of life, meaning in work, and work-life integration. This version of the Well-Being Index has been validated in stratifying distress and well-being and identifying the risk of reduced quality of care among U.S. nurses.

Physician Well-Being Index (PWBI)

The PWBI consists of nine items and is the original version of the Well-Being Index. It is designed as a brief screening tool for physicians in all specialties and measures the following six dimensions of distress and well-being: Likelihood of burnout, severe fatigue, suicidal ideation, risk of medical error, meaning in work, and work-life integration.

Resident & Fellow Well-Being Index

The Resident & Fellow Well-Being Index is designed specifically for physicians in training. This version consists of seven items that measure risk of medical error, sense of meaning in work, quality of life, suicidal ideation, severe fatigue, and likelihood of burnout.

Scoring

The Well-Being Index calculates a total well-being score for participants based on their assessment responses. Assessments contain seven or nine items depending on the Well-Being Index version. The seven-item versions consist of yes/no response categories and calculate scores by adding the number of 'yes' responses. The nine-item versions contain an additional two

Likert scale A Likert scale ( , commonly mispronounced as ) is a psychometric scale commonly involved in research that employs questionnaires. It is the most widely used approach to scaling responses in survey research, such that the term (or more fully the ...

items that add or subtract points from the score of the first seven items.

References

{{reflist Psychological tests and scales