The Wedding Cake House (formally known as the Kendrick-Prentice-Tirocchi house) is a three-story historic house located at 514 Broadway Street in the
Broadway-Armory Historic District of
Providence, Rhode Island
Providence is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Rhode Island. One of the oldest cities in New England, it was founded in 1636 by Roger Williams, a Reformed Baptist theologian and religious exile from the Massachusetts Bay ...
. Built in 1867 and occupied continuously until 1989, its contents were the subject of a 2001 exhibit at the
Rhode Island School of Design Museum
The Museum of Art, Rhode Island School of Design (RISD Museum) is an art museum integrated with the Rhode Island School of Design, in Providence, Rhode Island, US. The museum was co-founded with the school in 1877, and still shares multiple build ...
. It has had a variety of restoration work conducted since 2011.
Built in the Victorian
Italianate
The Italianate style was a distinct 19th-century phase in the history of Classical architecture. Like Palladianism and Neoclassicism, the Italianate style drew its inspiration from the models and architectural vocabulary of 16th-century Italian R ...
style, it has been called Providence's ‘consummate gingerbread house’.
Architecture
Built by Broadway architect Perez Mason in 1867, it has been described by
George P. Landow George Paul Landow (b. 25 August 1940) is Professor of English and Art History Emeritus at Brown University. He is a leading authority on Victorian literature, art, and culture, as well as a pioneer in criticism and theory of Electronic literature, ...
as a work of
Carpenter Gothic
Carpenter Gothic, also sometimes called Carpenter's Gothic or Rural Gothic, is a North American architectural style-designation for an application of Gothic Revival architectural detailing and picturesque massing applied to wooden structures ...
, with “more carpenter than Gothic.” The rectilinear exterior of the house obscures its complex inner floor plan. Mason added a great deal of embellishment that distracts from the
Second Empire Second Empire may refer to:
* Second British Empire, used by some historians to describe the British Empire after 1783
* Second Bulgarian Empire (1185–1396)
* Second French Empire (1852–1870)
** Second Empire architecture, an architectural styl ...
elements of the roof, which is a low flaring mansard style with large brackets.
The ornate two-story tower has an unfinished room at the top that provides a wide view of the city; it is finished at its peak with a pagoda cupola. The main block of the house is interrupted by oversized “sunbonnet” or “sunburst” gables and a recessed two-story
loggia
In architecture, a loggia ( , usually , ) is a covered exterior gallery or corridor, usually on an upper level, but sometimes on the ground level of a building. The outer wall is open to the elements, usually supported by a series of columns ...
.
Landow goes on to describe the house as "a statement of idiosyncratic Rhode Island vernacular.” It also has an unfinished attic.
Several other houses along the street resemble the Wedding Cake house, including the Thomas Pierce House, also built 1867; the J. W. Windsor house at 106 Courtland (previously at 124 Broadway), built 1850; and the John W. Potter House at 446 Broadway, built 1882. However, 514 Broadway is the most striking example of the ‘flamboyant and pretentious’ Italianate homes that allowed Providence's nouveau-riche population to emulate the old-money mansions of Newport.
Early years
The house was built in 1867 for John Kendrick, a businessman with the
American Supply Co., which made loom harnesses for the textile industry.
Railway tycoon George W. Prentice bought it in 1881. He and his wife installed an elevator in the house sometime in the 1880s and thus were early adopters of this new technology. The elevator was decommissioned in 1924 after a line rotted.
Broadway addresses were changed twice, in 1867 and in 1893. The Wedding Cake House was located at 248 Broadway until 1893, when it changed to 514.
The Tirocchi Family
The house was bought by sisters
Anna and Laura Tirocchi in 1915, and occupied by their combined family until Laura died in 1982. Laura married Dr. Louis Cella, who had his medical office on the first floor.
The sisters used the second and third floors for their dressmaking business, which they had started in 1911 in the
Butler Exchange Building. In 1917 Dr. Cella, had a small one-story addition built at the back of the house for his private practice.
RISD Museum
After Anna died in 1947, Laura closed the business, leaving material and records ''in situ''. Their papers, tools, fabric, and the clothing in storage were left untouched for the next forty-two years.
Seven years after Laura's death, her son Louis J. Cella Jr. approached the
RISD Museum
The Museum of Art, Rhode Island School of Design (RISD Museum) is an art museum integrated with the Rhode Island School of Design, in Providence, Rhode Island, US. The museum was co-founded with the school in 1877, and still shares multiple build ...
about acquiring the contents of the house. The collection - a "time capsule" - forms the most complete record of a historical dressmaking business in existence.
After twelve years of work cataloging and researching the collection, the museum put on an exhibition: ''From Paris to Providence: Fashion, Art, and the Tirocchi Dressmakers' Shop, 1915-1947.'' The RISD Museum owns the three hundred dresses from the collection and has archived the Tirocchi papers at
Fleet Library. The
University of Rhode Island
The University of Rhode Island (URI) is a public land-grant research university with its main campus in Kingston, Rhode Island, United States. It is the flagship public research as well as the land-grant university of the state of Rhode Island ...
maintains an additional two thousand objects, including fabric and trim samples.
The museum, in collaboration with
Brown University
Brown University is a private research university in Providence, Rhode Island. Brown is the seventh-oldest institution of higher education in the United States, founded in 1764 as the College in the English Colony of Rhode Island and Providenc ...
, developed and continues to maintain an extensive website devoted to the project. It also has an eighth-grade American History curriculum component centered on the Tirocchis as women designers and Italian-American immigrants.
Restoration
The Wedding Cake House was vacant from 1947 until 1982, and is not yet in livable condition.
Several restoration efforts have taken place since 2011 due to the efforts of the
Providence Preservation Society
The Providence Preservation Society is a private, non-profit organization based in Providence, Rhode Island. The organization's mission is to preserve the architectural heritage of Providence, Rhode Island. The organization was originally formed ...
, which listed the house on their Most Endangered Properties list in 2010, 2012, 2015, and 2016.
2011-2015
In 2011 it was announced that the now defunct non-profit Community Works Rhode Island had acquired the property, with the intention to complete a renovation by 2012. The plan included five condominium units that would be available to income-qualified buyers.
[ CWRI managed to raise almost $200,000 dollars in state historic tax credits for the restoration, which is transferable to new owners. However, the plan failed, and in 2016 owners were left with a $350,000 loan to repay to the Providence Redevelopment Agency. It had granted the money based on a use for affordable housing.]
2015 to present
The West Broadway Neighborhood Association and the Providence Preservation Society came together to run a semi-successful Indiegogo campaign in 2015 to support emergency renovations while the house remained on the market. The Providence Revolving Fund has also worked to prevent further damage via the installation of an alarm system. But the building is threatened by the years of low maintenance.
It is under renovation by Rhode Island feminist arts collective, the Dirt Palace The Dirt Palace is a feminist non-profit arts space founded in 2000. The Dirt Palace is located within a re-purposed library building in the Olneyville neighborhood of Providence, Rhode Island and includes living spaces, a wood shop, a print shop, ...
, in an effort to adapt the property as an artist residency space, similar to their current location in Olneyville, Rhode Island. By the date of sale in February 2017, Dirt Palace already had a $250,000 grant from the Rhode Island State Council of the Arts to finance the restoration. The collective intends to alter the original plan of the house as little as possible.
See also
* A. & L. Tirocchi Gowns
References
{{reflist
External links
The Dirt Palace at the Wedding Cake HouseProvidence's Most Endangered Properties List, 2016
Carpenter Gothic architecture
Houses in Providence, Rhode Island
Indiegogo projects
Houses completed in 1867