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Weather and Society Integrated Studies (WAS*IS) is an international movement that is changing the weather enterprise by integrating social science into meteorological research and practice. WAS*IS was formed to build an interdisciplinary community of practitioners, researchers and decision makers collaborating to effectively understand how to improve weather warnings, incorporate societal impacts into
weather forecasts Weather forecasting is the application of science and technology to predict the conditions of the atmosphere for a given location and time. People have attempted to predict the weather informally for millennia and formally since the 19th centu ...
, and use social science tools and methods. WAS*IS is changing the culture from what WAS to what IS the future of integrated studiesDemuth, J.L., E. Gruntfest, R.E. Morss, S. Drobot, and J.K. Lazo, 2007: WAS*IS: Building a community for integrating meteorology and social science. ''Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.'', 88, 1729.
/ref> WAS*IS has 276 representatives from the United States, Canada, China, France, Germany, Australia, New Zealand, Finland, the Netherlands, and numerous Caribbean countries. WAS*ISers come from many parts of the weather enterprise, including meteorology, emergency management, hydrology, geography, climatology, psychology, sociology, economics, ecology, education and anthropology. Workshops were held in Boulder, Colorado on August 8–15, 2008, August 6–14, 2009, August 5–13, 2010, and August 4–12, 2011. An advanced workshop was held in Norman, Oklahoma September 15–17, 2008. The first WAS*IS Caribbean was held June 6–10, 2010 in San Juan, Puerto Rico.


History

WAS*IS was established in 2005 at the
National Center for Atmospheric Research The US National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR ) is a US federally funded research and development center (FFRDC) managed by the nonprofit University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR) and funded by the National Science Foundatio ...
(NCAR) located in
Boulder, Colorado Boulder is a home rule city that is the county seat and most populous municipality of Boulder County, Colorado, United States. The city population was 108,250 at the 2020 United States census, making it the 12th most populous city in Color ...
. WAS*IS was founded b
Dr. Eve Gruntfest
a
geographer A geographer is a physical scientist, social scientist or humanist whose area of study is geography, the study of Earth's natural environment and human society, including how society and nature interacts. The Greek prefix "geo" means "earth" a ...
at the
University of Colorado at Colorado Springs The University of Colorado Colorado Springs (UCCS) is a public research university in Colorado Springs, Colorado. It is one of four campuses that make up the University of Colorado system. As of Fall 2017, UCCS had over 12,400 undergraduate a ...
, and Julie Demuth, an atmospheric scientist at NCAR, as part of NCAR'
Societal Impacts Program
Dr. Gruntfest was inspired by the comments of physical scientists she met during her career who were interested in integrating meteorology and social science but were unsure how to do the work, and did not know anyone else involved in societal impacts research or practice. WAS*IS has received support from the US Weather Research Program, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
NOAA The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (abbreviated as NOAA ) is an United States scientific and regulatory agency within the United States Department of Commerce that forecasts weather, monitors oceanic and atmospheric conditio ...
, NCAR'
Societal Impacts Program
the
University of Colorado at Colorado Springs The University of Colorado Colorado Springs (UCCS) is a public research university in Colorado Springs, Colorado. It is one of four campuses that make up the University of Colorado system. As of Fall 2017, UCCS had over 12,400 undergraduate a ...
, and NCAR'
Institute for the Study of Society and Environment
Additional workshop support has come from the
University of Oklahoma The University of Oklahoma (OU) is a Public university, public research university in Norman, Oklahoma. Founded in 1890, it had existed in Oklahoma Territory near Indian Territory for 17 years before the two Territories became the state of Oklahom ...

Monash University Sustainability InstituteARC Network for Earth System Science
Australian Bureau of Meteorology Australian(s) may refer to: Australia * Australia, a country * Australians, citizens of the Commonwealth of Australia ** European Australians ** Anglo-Celtic Australians, Australians descended principally from British colonists ** Aboriginal Aus ...
, and
Emergency Management Australia Emergency Management Australia (EMA) was an Australian Government body responsible for emergency management coordination. EMA was transferred from the Attorney-General's Department in a machinery of government change to become a division of the n ...
.


References

*
University Corporation for Atmospheric Research The University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR) is a US nonprofit consortium of more than 100 colleges and universities providing research and training in the atmospheric and related sciences. UCAR manages the National Center for Atmosph ...
br>Quarterly Report



Further reading


Barnes, L. R., E. C. Gruntfest, M, H. Hayden, D. M. Schultz, and C. Benight, 2007: False alarms and close calls: A conceptual model of warning accuracy. ''Weather Forecast.'', 22, 1140-1147.Demuth, J.L., E.C. Gruntfest, R.E. Morss, S. Drobot and J.K. Lazo, 2007: WAS*IS: Building a Community for Integrating Meteorology and Social Science. ''Bull. Amer. Met.Soc''., 88(11), 1729–1737.Gladwin, H., J.K. Lazo, B.H. Morrow, W.G. Peacock, and H.E. Willoughby. 2007: Social Science Research Needs for the Hurricane Forecast and Warning System. Natural Hazards Rev., 8(3), 87-95.League, C.E., W.Diaz, B. Philips, E.J. Bass, K. Kloesel and A. Gessner. 2010: Emergency manager decision-making and tornado warning communication. Meteorological Applications, 17(2), 163-172.


External links


WAS*IS Website
Weather warnings and advisories Meteorology and climate education