The weak two bid is a common used in the game of
contract bridge
Contract bridge, or simply bridge, is a trick-taking card game using a standard 52-card deck. In its basic format, it is played by four players in two competing partnerships, with partners sitting opposite each other around a table. Millions o ...
, where an opening bid of two diamonds, hearts or spades signifies a weak hand, typically containing a long suit.
It may be deployed within any system structure that offers a forcing artificial opening to handle hands of (eg) 20+ points, or an expectation of 8 or more tricks. It is form of
preemptive bid.
The strong call releases any remaining two level openings for pre-empting your opponents. In North America it is commonly used in combination with the
strong two clubs
Bridge bidding systems that incorporate a strong 2 clubs opening bid include modern Standard American, standard Acol, 2/1 game forcing and many others.
In most natural bridge bidding systems, the opening bid of 2 is used exclusively for hands to ...
convention. Worldwide there are many other variants, the commonest being a strong one club. “Weak Two” refers specifically to an opening bid, not to be confused with the "weak jump
overcall
In contract bridge, an overcall is a bid made after an opening bid has been made by an opponent; the term refers only to the first such bid. A ''direct'' overcall is such a bid made by the player seated immediately to the left of the opener, i.e ...
". That denotes a similar hand type, made over an opponent's opening bid.
Effectiveness
2S is most powerful in terms of pre-emption against your opponents. 2H is less so, easily defended by either a take out double or a 2S overcall. Paradoxically the 2D opening can be very disruptive. Your opponents have to explore potential fit in both majors, and then play at the correct level. 2C pre-emption is uncommon, almost always associated with forcing 1-level agreements.
Variations
On the islands of Britain a system termed Benjaminised "Benji" Acol is common, associated with forcing 2C and 2D bids. One of these as powerful as the American 2C, The other a traditional "Acol Two" in as yet unspecified suit. The style was very popular in the 1990s, with more recent return in tournament Bridge strong but flexible 2C and three Weak Twos.
Requirements for a weak two bid vary by partnership. A common agreement is that it requires:
* a ''good'' suit of exactly 6 cards in diamonds, hearts or spades; longer suits make a higher
preemptive opening bid
* no 5-card suit. No 4-card major side suit
* in tournament play, the announced range for a weak two-bid is varies in a 5-11 HCP range, often subject to vulnerability and seat position. Many perceive hands with 6-card suit and 11 HCP strong enough to open at the one level; see
Rule of 20. Agreements should ensure no gap between the one level and two level call.
What "a good suit" might be is a further matter of partnership agreement.
American Contract Bridge League
The American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) is a governing body for contract bridge in the United States, Canada, Mexico, and Bermuda. It is the largest such organization in North America having the stated mission ''"to promote, grow and sustain th ...
recommends that it contain 2+ top honours, or 3 of the top 5 cards in the suit. However it also licenses conventions to enquire how many of these are held.
History
A prototype of the weak two was used in
auction bridge
The card game auction bridge was the third step in the evolution of the general game of bridge. It was developed from bridge whist in 1904, possibly by 1900. Auction bridge was the precursor to contract bridge. Its predecessors were whist and brid ...
, and the principle was attested as early as 1910 by J.B. Elwell.
History of Weak Two, Chris Ryall website
/ref> It was incorporated into the Vanderbilt Club
Vanderbilt Club was one of the earliest bidding systems in the game of contract bridge. It was devised by Harold S. Vanderbilt, who had in 1925 devised the game itself. It was published by him in 1929. It was the first strong club system. An up ...
system. In early 1940s, Howard Schenken
Howard Schenken (September 28, 1903 – February 20, 1979) was an American bridge player, writer, and long-time syndicated bridge columnist. He was from New York City. He won three Bermuda Bowl titles, and set several North American records. Most r ...
developed the modern weak two-bid along lines similar to Vanderbilt's.[
In ]Charles Goren
Charles Henry Goren (March 4, 1901 – April 3, 1991) was an American bridge player and writer who significantly developed and popularized the game. He was the leading American bridge personality in the 1950s and 1960s – or 1940s and 1950s, as " ...
's original bidding system
A bidding system in contract bridge is the set of agreements and understandings assigned to calls and sequences of calls used by a partnership, and includes a full description of the meaning of each treatment and convention. The purpose of bid ...
, when a player opened the bidding with two of a suit, this signified that the player held a very strong hand. (This later became known as the strong two bid
In contract bridge, a strong two-bid (also known as a forcing two-bidFrancis et al (2001), p. 443.Francis et al (2001), p. 163. The strong two-bid was the cornerstone of the Culbertson system.) is an opening bid of two in a suit, i.e. 2, 2, 2 or ...
.) Later players found it more effective to reserve only the conventional two clubs opening, to show a strong hand. That left the room for opening bids of 2D, 2H, or 2S to show a weak hand with a six-card suit. This became known as the weak two bid. In some systems, a bid of 2C shows a strong hand with a five-card suit, and a bid of 2D shows a hand that is similarly strong, but balanced. These alternate versions are less common.
Responses
Standard American
responses to weak twos are as follows...
* A raise of the bid suit extends the preempt, and is to play. The weak two bidder does not bid again.
* A bid of 2NT is 17+ artificial forcing enquiry.
* A new suit is forcing and at least invitational.
This is known as RONF for raise only non-forcing bid.
After a 2NT enquiry.
* A bid of three of any suit other than the suit of the "weak two" bid shows a "feature" (typically either an ace or a king) in the named suit and maximum.
* A bid of three of the suit of the "weak two" bid denies a "feature" in any other suit and is minimum.
* A bid of 3NT shows a maximum without a feature.
Common Variations
New suit shows a stop for NT.
Weak Pulls
* A new suit at the lowest level shows a weak hand with a long suit and is to play.
Ogust
* When using the Ogust convention Ogust is a bridge convention used by responder after his partner has made a weak-two opening bid; its purpose is to gauge the strength of the weak-two bidder's hand. Named after Harold A. Ogust from the United States, the convention is also known ...
, the following alertable responses apply:
** 3C shows a "minimum" hand and a "poor" suit.
** 3D shows a "minimum" hand and a "good" suit.
** 3H shows a "maximum" hand and a "poor" suit.
** 3S shows a "maximum" hand and a "good" suit.
** 3NT shows A-K-Q of the preempt suit.
Here, the definitions of "minimum" and "maximum" hands and "poor" and "good" suits are matters of partnership agreement.
** A range of seven HCP or less for a "minimum" hand and eight HCP or more for a "maximum" hand is fairly typical.
** Since "strict" preempts usually show either K-Q or better or Q-J-10 or better, partners who play "strict" preempts typically regard a "good" suit as something more (K-Q-J or better, for example). On the other hand, partners who are less strict in their preempts might define a "good" suit to have either K-Q or better or Q-J-10 or better and a "poor" suit to have anything less.
There are several
variations on the Ogust convention
'. Ogust's original definition, for example, had the swapped responses in the red suits and did not include the 3NT response. The responses shown here, however, are now pretty much standard.
Parallel Twos
Playing Parallel Twos an opening 2C shows five hearts 7-11 HCP, 2D shows five spades 7-11 HCP. The 2C and 2D opener's are referred to as Parallel Twos because they are played in parallel with the regular six card weak twos in hearts and spades. You can play them in any bidding system Acol, SAYC, Precision, Blue Club etc. See the eBook
Parallel Twos For You
N.Jones June 2014.
Muiderberg / Woo Twos and Lucas Twos
The European Muiderberg convention Muiderberg is a bidding convention in the card game bridge. It is a two-level preemptive opening based on a two-suiter with precisely a five-card major and a minor suit (four-card or longer). In Muiderberg the 2 opening denotes five hearts and an un ...
, (co-invented by Alan Woo of London) allows weak two-level bids to be made on 5-card suits with a 4+ lower ranking side suit. They have equal pre-emption and are more common than the 6-card, or 5-5 hand types. Typically a non-vulnerable Muiderberg Two shows 5-9 points, 2NT is often used as strong enquiry, with 3C asking opener to pass or correct to 3D). This style melds well with a multi 2 diamonds
Multi-coloured 2 diamonds, is a contract bridge bridge convention, convention whereby the opening bid of 2D shows a defined range of hand types. These always include a Weak two bid, weak-two bid in a major suit, and the second option, that must be ...
so that regular 6-card hand types may also be expressed.
Lucas twos are even more flexible. You open the five card suit. The four card suit may be higher, or lower.
Assumed Fit preempts
An opening showing either 5+4+ or 4+4+ cards in two specified suits. Superficially reckless, the hand type is extremely common, around 2½ times more so than the 6+ type. risk is to be taken for a penalty. Against that you’re probability of finding eight card or better fit is 68%, and 65% respectively. The law of total tricked protects you at two level as if a significant penalty is available, opponents will often do better bidding game in their own fit denomination.
Parallel Twos
Playing Parallel Twos an opening 2C shows five hearts 7-11 HCP, 2D shows five spades 7-11 HCP. The 2C and 2D opener's are referred to as Parallel Twos because they are played in parallel with the regular six card weak twos in hearts and spades. You can play them in any bidding system Acol, SAYC, Precision, Blue Club etc. See the eBook "Parallel Twos For You" N.Jones June 2014.
Antispades Twos
Antispades Twos (also known as Antispades Weak Twos) make up a two-level opening based on either a six-card suit or a two-suiter with at least nine cards distributed across any two suits. The 2C opening promises 5-10 HCP and either a 6-card club suit, or clubs and diamonds, or clubs and spades. The 2D opening promises 5-10 HCP and either a 6-card diamond suit, or diamonds and hearts, or diamonds and spades. The 2H opening promises 5-10 HCP and either a 6-card heart suit, or hearts and spades, or hearts and clubs. (The 2S opening is artificial and very strong, promising either 23+ HCP balanced, or a hand of 16+ HCP with four losers or fewer.)
Partnerships can adopt Weak, Parallel, Lucas or Antispades Twos and retain their existing one-level bidding structure — for example, Acol or Five-card Majors — along with a strong balanced meaning for the 2NT opening.
See also
Weak Two Archive
(2008)
*Preempt
Preempt (also spelled "pre-empt") is a bid in contract bridge whose primary objectives are (1) to thwart opponents' ability to bid to their best contract, with some safety, and (2) to fully describe one's hand to one's partner in a single bid. A ...
*Strong two bid
In contract bridge, a strong two-bid (also known as a forcing two-bidFrancis et al (2001), p. 443.Francis et al (2001), p. 163. The strong two-bid was the cornerstone of the Culbertson system.) is an opening bid of two in a suit, i.e. 2, 2, 2 or ...
*Antispades Twos
Antispades Twos (also known as Antispades Weak Twos) is the name of a bidding convention in the card game bridge. It is a two-level pre-emptive opening based on either a 6-card suit or a two-suiter with at least nine cards distributed across any tw ...
*Multi two diamonds
Multi-coloured 2 diamonds, is a contract bridge convention whereby the opening bid of 2D shows a defined range of hand types. These always include a weak-two bid in a major suit, and the second option, that must be a strong. The inherent ambigui ...
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Weak Two Bid
Bridge conventions