Waveland is a historic

plantation house A plantation house is the main house of a plantation, often a substantial farmhouse, which often serves as a symbol for the plantation as a whole. Plantation houses in the Southern United States and in other areas are known as quite grand and e ...

and farm located near

Marshall Marshall may refer to: Places Australia * Marshall, Victoria, a suburb of Geelong, Victoria Canada * Marshall, Saskatchewan * The Marshall, a mountain in British Columbia Liberia * Marshall, Liberia Marshall Islands * Marshall Islands, an i ...

Fauquier County, Virginia Fauquier is a county in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 72,972. The county seat is Warrenton. Fauquier County is in Northern Virginia and is a part of the Washington metropolitan area. History In 16 ...

in the Carter's Run Rural Historic District. It was individually listed on the

National Register of Historic Places The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) is the United States federal government's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures and objects deemed worthy of preservation for their historical significance or "great artistic v ...

in 2004, and the surrounding district listed in 2014.

History

The surrounding land had been granted to Rev. Alexander Scott by Lord Fairfax in 1727, and later inherited by his nephew Rev. James Scott of Dettingen Parish in

Prince William County Prince William County is located on the Potomac River in the U.S. state of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population sits at 482,204, making it Virginia's second-most populous county. Its county seat is the independent city of Manassas ...

, but the Scott family never lived on the property. In 1803, Cuthbert Scott and James Horner received the deeds, and four years later sold the land to local farmer and merchant James Morgan, who in 1811 also acquired an adjacent parcel from

John Marshall John Marshall (September 24, 1755July 6, 1835) was an American politician and lawyer who served as the fourth Chief Justice of the United States from 1801 until his death in 1835. He remains the longest-serving chief justice and fourth-longes ...

. James Morgan and his brother William also operated several nearby grist and sawmills, as well as a business several counties to the west in Lynchburg. James Morgan actually lived on the "Clover Hill" plantation nearby, and after his death, his daughter Caroline married Dr. James Henry Loughborough (1807-1862). After a court-ordered distribution of the late James Morgan's land, Dr. Loughborough made deals with William Morgan (either Caroline's brother or uncle) and another man, acquired this property and built the mansion between about 1835 and 1839. However, he sold his Fauquier County medical practice in 1837, moved to

Loudoun County Loudoun County () is in the northern part of the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States. In 2020, the census returned a population of 420,959, making it Virginia's third-most populous county. Loudoun County's seat is Leesburg. Loudoun C ...

by 1841, and moved his family to Louisiana in 1844. There, Dr. Loughborough owned a sugar plantation he called "Esperance" and after providing medical service during an epidemic in New Orleans which earned him a civic commendation, was elected to the Louisiana state senate. Dr. Loughborough had been born near Washington, D.C. where his father Nathan Loughborough served as a Treasury Department official under President John Adams and had become wealthy with investments in a bank as well as the Rockville Turnpike and later the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, and had received his medical education in Philadelphia. During the American Civil War, Dr. Loughborough aligned with the Confederacy, and returned to Virginia after his son Nathan died at the

Battle of Cheat Mountain The Battle of Cheat Mountain, also known as the Battle of Cheat Summit Fort, took place from September 12 to 15, 1861, in Pocahontas County and Randolph County, Virginia (now West Virginia) as part of the Western Virginia Campaign during the A ...

. Although that death left Dr. Loughborough despondent and may have contributed to his death in April 1862, he and his wife had sold Waveland nearly two decades earlier to her brother William Morgan, and it had several owners before the Civil War. The property is also historically significant for its connection with John Augustine Washington III (1821-1861), who hired architect Edmund Lind in 1858 to construct an addition to Waveland after agreeing to sell

Mount Vernon Mount Vernon is an American landmark and former plantation of Founding Father, commander of the Continental Army in the Revolutionary War, and the first president of the United States George Washington and his wife, Martha. The estate is on ...

to the

Mount Vernon Ladies' Association The Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) is a non-profit organization that preserves and maintains the Mount Vernon estate originally owned by the family of President George Washington. The association was founded in 1853 by Ann Pamela Cunni ...

. Not long after Washington occupied Waveland, he accepted a commission as Lt.Col. in the Confederate States Army, and died in September 1861, also during the

. The ruins of Washington's eight-dwelling slave quarter remained on the property at the time of its historic listing.nris p. 6

Architecture

The two-story, three bay by five bay, brick dwelling reflects the

Greek Revival The Greek Revival was an architectural movement which began in the middle of the 18th century but which particularly flourished in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, predominantly in northern Europe and the United States and Canada, but ...

style. It has a front gable roof and sits on an

English basement An English basement is an apartment (flat in UK English) on the lowest floor of a building, generally a townhouse or brownstone, which is partially below and partially above ground level and which has its own entrance separate from those of the ...

. A six-bay-wide, two bay-deep rear addition designed by noted English architect

Edmund George Lind Edmund George Lind (June 18, 1829 – 1909) was an English-born American architect, active in Baltimore, Atlanta, and the American south. Biography Lind was born in Islington, now a part of London, England; his father, Alexander Lind, was an en ...

(1829–1909) was added in 1859, creating a "T"-plan dwelling. Also on the property are the contributing meat house (c. 1835),

stucco Stucco or render is a construction material made of aggregates, a binder, and water. Stucco is applied wet and hardens to a very dense solid. It is used as a decorative coating for walls and ceilings, exterior walls, and as a sculptural and a ...

ed frame farmhouse (c. 1860),

cistern A cistern (Middle English ', from Latin ', from ', "box", from Greek ', "basket") is a waterproof receptacle for holding liquids, usually water. Cisterns are often built to catch and store rainwater. Cisterns are distinguished from wells by t ...

(c. 1835), stone

spring house A spring house, or springhouse, is a small building, usually of a single room, constructed over a spring. While the original purpose of a springhouse was to keep the spring water clean by excluding fallen leaves, animals, etc., the enclosing stru ...

ruin (c. 1835), and stone slave quarters ruin (c. 1835). an
''Accompanying four photos''
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References

{{National Register of Historic Places in Virginia Plantation houses in Virginia Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia Farms on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia Federal architecture in Virginia Houses completed in 1835 Houses in Fauquier County, Virginia National Register of Historic Places in Fauquier County, Virginia Historic district contributing properties in Virginia Slave cabins and quarters in the United States