Warmund, also Garmond, Gormond, Germond, Guarmond or Waremond (bef. 1069–1128), was the
Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem from 1118 until his death at
Sidon
Sidon ( ; he, צִידוֹן, ''Ṣīḏōn'') known locally as Sayda or Saida ( ar, صيدا ''Ṣaydā''), is the third-largest city in Lebanon. It is located in the South Governorate, of which it is the capital, on the Mediterranean coast. ...
in 1128.
Warmund of
Picquigny
Picquigny () is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.
Geography
Picquigny is situated at the junction of the N235, the D141 and D3 roads, on the banks of the river Somme, some northwest (and downstream) o ...
was a son of another Warmund (Guermond) of Picquigny and his wife Adele.
[Detlev Schwennicke, ''Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten'', Neue Folge, Band XIII (Marburg, Germany: Verlag von J. A. Stargardt, 1990). Tafel 143] His brother Eustache was
Vidame
Vidame () was a feudal title in France, a term descended from mediaeval Latin . Like the ''avoué'' or ''advocatus'', the ''vidame'' was originally a secular official chosen by the bishop of the diocese—with the consent of the count—to ...
of Amiens.
Shortly after the death of
Arnulf of Chocques Arnulf of Chocques (died 1118) was a leading member of the clergy during the First Crusade, being made Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem in 1099 and again from 1112 to 1118. Sometimes referred to as Arnulf of Rœulx, presumably after the village of Rœu ...
, Warmund was elected to replace him as Patriarch of Jerusalem in late 1118. In 1120, with
Baldwin II,
King of Jerusalem
The King of Jerusalem was the supreme ruler of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, a Crusader state founded in Jerusalem by the Latin Catholic leaders of the First Crusade, when the city was conquered in 1099.
Godfrey of Bouillon, the first ruler of t ...
, he convened the
Council of Nablus
The Council of Nablus was a council of ecclesiastic and secular lords in the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem, held on January 16, 1120.
History
The council was convened at Nablus by Warmund, Patriarch of Jerusalem, and King Baldwin II of Jerusalem ...
. The canons of the council served as a sort of
concordat
A concordat is a convention between the Holy See and a sovereign state that defines the relationship between the Catholic Church and the state in matters that concern both,René Metz, ''What is Canon Law?'' (New York: Hawthorn Books, 1960 st Edi ...
between the church of
Outremer
The Crusader States, also known as Outremer, were four Catholic realms in the Middle East that lasted from 1098 to 1291. These feudal polities were created by the Latin Catholic leaders of the First Crusade through conquest and political in ...
and the
Crusader states. The first canon is a promise by Baldwin to surrender the appropriate tithes to the patriarch, namely those from his own royal estates in
Jerusalem
Jerusalem (; he, יְרוּשָׁלַיִם ; ar, القُدس ) (combining the Biblical and common usage Arabic names); grc, Ἱερουσαλήμ/Ἰεροσόλυμα, Hierousalḗm/Hierosóluma; hy, Երուսաղեմ, Erusałēm. i ...
,
Nablus and
Acre. In the second canon, Baldwin requests forgiveness for the tithes he had previously withheld, and Warmund absolves him in the third. At about this same time Warmund was approached by a group of Christian knights who requested permission to elect a master to lead them to defend the kingdom.
[Denys Pringle, ''The Churches of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem'', Vol. 3 (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007). p.420] King Baldwin II gave them quarters in the
Temple of Solomon
Solomon's Temple, also known as the First Temple (, , ), was the Temple in Jerusalem between the 10th century BC and . According to the Hebrew Bible, it was commissioned by Solomon in the United Kingdom of Israel before being inherited by the ...
.
Hugues de Payens
Hugues de Payens or Payns (9 February 1070 – 24 May 1136) was the co-founder and first Grand Master of the Knights Templar. In association with Bernard of Clairvaux, he created the '' Latin Rule'', the code of behavior for the Order.
Name ...
was elected their master and Warmund charged them with the duty of keeping the roads safe from thieves and others who were routinely robbing and killing pilgrims en route to Jerusalem.
This they did for nine years until the
Council of Troyes in 1129 when they became a
military order sanctioned by the Church; the
Knights Templar.
Between – and along with Gerard, Prior of the Holy Sepulchre, possibly attached to the
Canons of the Holy Sepulchre
The Canons Regular of the Holy Sepulchre were a Catholic religious order of canons regular of the Rule of Saint Augustine, said to have been founded in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem, then the capital of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, ...
, Warmund wrote an important letter to
Diego Gelmírez
Diego Gelmírez or Xelmírez ( la, Didacus Gelmirici; c. 1069 – c. 1140) was the second bishop (from 1100) and first archbishop (from 1120) of the Catholic Archdiocese of Santiago de Compostela in Galicia, modern Spain. He is a prominent fig ...
,
Archbiship of Santiago de Compostela citing crop failures and being threatened by their enemies; they requested food, money, and military aid in order to maintain the kingdom of Jerusalem. In 1123, he negotiated an alliance between Jerusalem and the
Republic of Venice
The Republic of Venice ( vec, Repùblega de Venèsia) or Venetian Republic ( vec, Repùblega Vèneta, links=no), traditionally known as La Serenissima ( en, Most Serene Republic of Venice, italics=yes; vec, Serenìsima Repùblega de Venèsia, ...
. This was finalized in the treaty which bears his name: the ''
Pactum Warmundi
The Pactum Warmundi was a treaty of alliance established in 1123 between the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Republic of Venice.
Background
In 1123, King Baldwin II was taken prisoner by the Artuqids, and the Kingdom of Jerusalem was sub ...
'' (from his Latin name ''Warmundus''). In 1124, he was appointed supreme commander of the Crusader forces besieging
Tyre, as he was felt to possess greater authority than any alternative as commander. He was a faithful friend of King Baldwin.
In 1128, he laid a siege on
Belhacem, which was occupied by brigands. However, he fell seriously ill and was taken to Sidon, where he died in July 1128.
[Malcolm Barber, ''The new knighthood: a history of the Order of the Temple'' (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1998), p. 14]
References
Further reading
*
{{S-end
11th-century births
1128 deaths
People from Somme (department)
Latin Patriarchs of Jerusalem
Christians of the Crusades
12th-century Roman Catholic archbishops in the Kingdom of Jerusalem
12th-century people of the Kingdom of Jerusalem
12th-century French people
Year of birth unknown
Year of birth uncertain