Wanda Krahelska-Filipowicz (15 December 1886–1968), code name “Alinka”” or “Alicja”, was a leading figure in Warsaw’s underground resistance movement throughout the years of

German occupation German-occupied Europe refers to the sovereign countries of Europe which were wholly or partly occupied and civil-occupied (including puppet governments) by the military forces and the government of Nazi Germany at various times between 1939 an ...

during

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

in Poland, co-founder of

Żegota Żegota (, full codename: the "Konrad Żegota Committee"Yad Vashem Shoa Resource CenterZegota/ref>) was the Polish Council to Aid Jews with the Government Delegation for Poland ( pl, Rada Pomocy Żydom przy Delegaturze Rządu RP na Kraj), an un ...

. As the well-connected wife of a former ambassador to Washington, she used her contacts with both the military and political leadership of the

Polish Underground The Polish Underground State ( pl, Polskie Państwo Podziemne, also known as the Polish Secret State) was a single political and military entity formed by the union of resistance organizations in occupied Poland that were loyal to the Gover ...

to materially influence the underground's policy of aiding Poland's Jewish population during the war. Early on, Krahelska-Filipowicz used her influence to persuade the Government in Exile, including members of the Delegatura and its military counterpart, the AK, of the importance of setting up a central organization to help Poland's Jews, and to back the policy with significant funding. Krahelska-Filipowicz also personally sheltered

Jews Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...

in her own home early during the

, regardless of the punishment announced by the Nazi German occupants of Poland for any Pole doing this, which was death. Among the refugees was the widow of the Jewish historian Szymon Aszkenazy. A Catholic Socialist activist and a devout Democrat, she was the editor of the Polish art magazine "Arkady". In the pre-World War I partitioned Poland, on 18 August 1906, at the age of twenty she took part in an assassination attempt on the Russian

governor-general of Warsaw The Namiestnik (or Viceroy) of the Kingdom of Poland ( pl, namiestnik Królestwa Polskiego, russian: наместник Царства Польского) was the deputy of the Emperor of Russia who, under Congress Poland (1815–1874), styled him ...

Georgi Skalon Georg Karl de Scallon ( pl, Gieorgij Skałon, russian: Гео́ргий Анто́нович Скало́н, tr. ; 24 October 1847 – 1 February 1914) was a Russian general of Huguenot origin, Governor-general of Warsaw and the commander-in-chie ...

. She threw three 'dynamite bombs' on the governor's coach; two did explode and slightly injured three persons in governor's entourage. Afterwards, she fled to Cracow in Austrian part of Poland, entered into fictional marriage with painter Adam Dobrodzicki and became citizen of Austria-Hungary. Austria refused to extradite her to Russia and instead arranged a trial in

Wadowice Wadowice (; ger, Frauenstadt – Wadowitz) is a town in southern Poland, southwest of Kraków with 19,200 inhabitants (2006), situated on the Skawa river, confluence of Vistula, in the eastern part of Silesian Foothills (Pogórze Śląskie). Wa ...

, starting on 16 February 1908. Wanda Dobrodzicka had confessed but was acquitted.

References

External links

Krahelska-Filipowicz at Warsaw Uprising 1944

Krahelska-Filipowicz at Axis History Forum
{{DEFAULTSORT:Krahelska-Filipowicz, Wanda 1886 births 1968 deaths People from Lyakhavichy District People from Slutsky Uyezd Emigrants from the Russian Empire to Austria-Hungary Polish Austro-Hungarians Polish Socialist Party politicians Alliance of Democrats (Poland) politicians Poland in World War II Combat Organization of the Polish Socialist Party members Polish resistance members of World War II Female resistance members of World War II Recipients of the Cross of Independence with Swords Polish female soldiers Polish assassins Żegota members 20th-century Polish criminals Polish women in World War II resistance

See also

References

External links