''Walckenaeria'' is a
genus of
dwarf spiders that was first described by
John Blackwall in 1833.
It is a
senior synonym of ''Paragonatium'',
as well as ''Wideria'', ''Cornicularia'', ''Prosopotheca'', ''Tigellinus'', and ''Trachynella''.
Some males in this group have eyes set up on mounds or turrets. In extreme cases, several eyes are on a stalk taller than the
carapace
A carapace is a Dorsum (biology), dorsal (upper) section of the exoskeleton or shell in a number of animal groups, including arthropods, such as crustaceans and arachnids, as well as vertebrates, such as turtles and tortoises. In turtles and tor ...
itself.
Species
it contains 195 species and two subspecies:
*''
W. abantensis''
Wunderlich, 1995 –
Albania,
Greece,
Turkey
*''
W. aberdarensis''
(Holm, 1962) –
Kenya
*''
W. acuminata''
Blackwall, 1833 (
type
Type may refer to:
Science and technology Computing
* Typing, producing text via a keyboard, typewriter, etc.
* Data type, collection of values used for computations.
* File type
* TYPE (DOS command), a command to display contents of a file.
* Ty ...
) –
Europe,
Caucasus,
Iran
*''
W. aenea''
Millidge, 1983 –
Mexico
*''
W. afur''
Thaler, 1984 – Canary Is.
*''
W. aksoyi''
Seyyar, Demir & Türkes, 2008 – Turkey
*''
W. alba''
Wunderlich, 1987 – Canary Is.
*''
W. allopatriae''
Jocqué & Scharff, 1986 –
Tanzania
*''
W. alticeps''
(Denis, 1952) – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus,
Russia (Europe to Middle Siberia), Iran
*''
W. anceps''
Millidge, 1983 –
Canada
*''
W. angelica''
Millidge, 1979 –
Italy
*''
W. angustifrons''
( Simon, 1884) –
France
*''
W. antica''
(Wider, 1834) – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to South Siberia),
Kyrgyzstan,
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...
,
Korea,
Japan
Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...
*''
W. aprilis''
Millidge, 1983 – USA
*''
W. arcana''
Millidge, 1983 – Mexico
*''
W. arctica''
Millidge, 1983 – USA, Canada
*''
W. asymmetrica''
Song & Li, 2011 – China
*''
W. atrotibialis''
(O. Pickard-Cambridge
Octavius Pickard-Cambridge FRS (3 November 1828 – 9 March 1917) was an English clergyman and zoologist. He was a keen arachnologist who described and named more than 900 species of spider.
Life and work
Pickard-Cambridge was born in Blox ...
, 1878) –
North America
North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ...
, Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to South Siberia),
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan
*''
W. auranticeps''
( Emerton, 1882) – Russia (South Siberia to Far East), Canada, USA
*''Walckenaeria aurata, W. aurata''
Millidge, 1983 – Mexico
*''Walckenaeria baborensis, W. baborensis''
Bosmans, 1993 – Algeria
*''Walckenaeria basarukini, W. basarukini''
Eskov & Marusik, 1994 – Russia (Far East)
*''Walckenaeria bifasciculata, W. bifasciculata''
Tanasevitch, 1987 – Azerbaijan, Armenia
*''Walckenaeria bifida, W. bifida''
Millidge, 1983 – USA
*''Walckenaeria blanda, W. blanda''
Millidge, 1983 – USA
*''Walckenaeria breviaria, W. breviaria''
(Crosby & Bishop, 1931) – USA
*''Walckenaeria brevicornis, W. brevicornis''
(Emerton, 1882) – USA
*''Walckenaeria brucei, W. brucei''
(Albert Tullgren, Tullgren, 1955) – Sweden
*''Walckenaeria camposi, W. camposi''
Wunderlich, 1992 – Canary Is.
*''Walckenaeria capito, W. capito''
(Niklas Westring, Westring, 1861) – Canada, Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Korea
*''Walckenaeria carolina, W. carolina''
Millidge, 1983 – USA
*''Walckenaeria castanea, W. castanea''
(Emerton, 1882) – USA, Canada, Greenland
*''Walckenaeria cavernicola, W. cavernicola''
Wunderlich, 1992 – Canary Is.
*''Walckenaeria chikunii, W. chikunii''
Saito & Ono, 2001 – Korea, Japan
*''Walckenaeria chiyokoae, W. chiyokoae''
Saito, 1988 – Japan
*''Walckenaeria christae, W. christae''
Wunderlich, 1995 – Greece
*''Walckenaeria cirriceps, W. cirriceps''
Thaler, 1996 – Greece, Turkey
*''Walckenaeria clavicornis, W. clavicornis''
(Emerton, 1882) – North America, Europe, Russia (Europe to Far East), China, Mongolia, Japan
*''Walckenaeria claviloba, W. claviloba''
Wunderlich, 1995 – Greece (Crete)
*''Walckenaeria clavipalpis, W. clavipalpis''
Millidge, 1983 – USA, Canada
*''Walckenaeria cognata, W. cognata''
Holm, 1984 – Tanzania
*''Walckenaeria columbia, W. columbia''
Millidge, 1983 – USA, Canada
*''Walckenaeria communis, W. communis''
(Emerton, 1882) – USA, Canada
*''Walckenaeria coniceps, W. coniceps''
Thaler, 1996 – Greece
*''Walckenaeria coreana, W. coreana''
(Paik, 1983) – Korea
*''Walckenaeria corniculans, W. corniculans''
(O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1875) – Europe, North Africa, Turkey
*''Walckenaeria cornuella, W. cornuella''
(Ralph Vary Chamberlin, Chamberlin & Wilton Ivie, Ivie, 1939) – USA, Canada
*''Walckenaeria cretaensis, W. cretaensis''
Wunderlich, 1995 – Greece (Crete)
*''Walckenaeria crocata, W. crocata''
(Simon, 1884) – Canary Is., Algeria
*''Walckenaeria crocea, W. crocea''
Millidge, 1983 – Mexico
*''Walckenaeria crosbyi, W. crosbyi''
(Fage, 1938) – Costa Rica
*''Walckenaeria cucullata, W. cucullata''
(Ludwig Carl Christian Koch, C. L. Koch, 1836) – Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to South Siberia)
*''Walckenaeria cuspidata, W. cuspidata''
Blackwall, 1833 – Europe, Russia (Europe to Far East)
**''Walckenaeria cuspidata, Walckenaeria c. brevicula''
(Crosby & Bishop, 1931) – USA, Canada, Greenland
**''Walckenaeria cuspidata, Walckenaeria c. obsoleta''
Chyzer & Władysław Kulczyński, Kulczyński, 1894 – Hungary
*''Walckenaeria cyprusensis, W. cyprusensis''
Wunderlich, 1995 – Cyprus
*''Walckenaeria dahaituoensis, W. dahaituoensis''
Song & Li, 2011 – China
*''Walckenaeria dalmasi, W. dalmasi''
(Simon, 1915) – Portugal, Spain, France
*''Walckenaeria denisi, W. denisi''
Thaler, 1984 – Canary Is.
*''Walckenaeria digitata, W. digitata''
(Emerton, 1913) – USA, Canada
*''Walckenaeria directa, W. directa''
(O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1874) – USA, Canada
*''Walckenaeria discolor, W. discolor''
Millidge, 1983 – Mexico
*''Walckenaeria dixiana, W. dixiana''
(Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944) – USA
*''Walckenaeria dondalei, W. dondalei''
Millidge, 1983 – Canada
*''Walckenaeria dysderoides, W. dysderoides''
(Wider, 1834) – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East)
*''Walckenaeria elgonensis, W. elgonensis''
Holm, 1984 – Kenya, Uganda
*''Walckenaeria emarginata, W. emarginata''
Millidge, 1983 – USA
*''Walckenaeria erythrina, W. erythrina''
(Simon, 1884) – France (Corsica), Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia
*''Walckenaeria exigua, W. exigua''
Millidge, 1983 – USA, Canada
*''Walckenaeria extraterrestris, W. extraterrestris''
Bosmans, 1993 – Algeria, Greece
*''Walckenaeria faceta, W. faceta''
Millidge, 1983 – Mexico
*''Walckenaeria fallax, W. fallax''
Millidge, 1983 – Canada
*''Walckenaeria ferruginea, W. ferruginea''
Seo, 1991 – China, Korea
*''Walckenaeria floridiana, W. floridiana''
Millidge, 1983 – USA
*''Walckenaeria fraudatrix, W. fraudatrix''
Millidge, 1983 – Russia (Middle Siberia to Far East), Mongolia, USA (Alaska), Canada
*''Walckenaeria furcillata, W. furcillata''
(Anton Menge, Menge, 1869) – Europe, Turkey, Russia (Europe to West Siberia), Korea, Japan
*''Walckenaeria fusciceps, W. fusciceps''
Millidge, 1983 – Canada
*''Walckenaeria fuscocephala, W. fuscocephala''
Wunderlich, 1987 – Canary Is.
*''Walckenaeria galilea, W. galilea''
Tanasevitch, 2016 – Israel
*''Walckenaeria gertschi, W. gertschi''
Millidge, 1983 – Mexico
*''Walckenaeria gologolensis, W. gologolensis''
Scharff, 1990 – Tanzania
*''Walckenaeria golovatchi, W. golovatchi''
Eskov & Marusik, 1994 – Russia (Far East), Japan
*''Walckenaeria gomerensis, W. gomerensis''
Wunderlich, 1987 – Canary Is.
*''Walckenaeria grancanariensis, W. grancanariensis''
Wunderlich, 2011 – Canary Is.
*''Walckenaeria grandis, W. grandis''
(Wunderlich, 1992) – Azores
*''Walckenaeria hamus, W. hamus''
Wunderlich, 1995 – Greece (Crete)
*''Walckenaeria heimbergi, W. heimbergi''
Bosmans, 2007 – Morocco
*''Walckenaeria helenae, W. helenae''
Millidge, 1983 – USA
*''Walckenaeria hierropalma, W. hierropalma''
Wunderlich, 1987 – Canary Is.
*''Walckenaeria ichifusaensis, W. ichifusaensis''
Saito & Ono, 2001 – Korea, Japan
*''Walckenaeria incisa, W. incisa''
(O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1871) – Europe
*''Walckenaeria incompleta, W. incompleta''
Wunderlich, 1992 – Canary Is.
*''Walckenaeria indirecta, W. indirecta''
(O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1874) – USA, Canada
*''Walckenaeria inflexa, W. inflexa''
(Westring, 1861) – Sweden
*''Walckenaeria insperata, W. insperata''
Millidge, 1979 – Italy
*''Walckenaeria intoleranda, W. intoleranda''
(Eugen von Keyserling, Keyserling, 1886) – Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia
*''Walckenaeria iviei, W. iviei''
Millidge, 1983 – Mexico
*''Walckenaeria jinlin, W. jinlin''
Yin & Bao, 2012 – China
*''Walckenaeria jocquei, W. jocquei''
Holm, 1984 – Malawi
*''Walckenaeria kabyliana, W. kabyliana''
Bosmans, 1993 – Algeria
*''Walckenaeria karpinskii, W. karpinskii''
(O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873) – North America, Scandinavia, Lithuania, Russia (Europe to Far East), China, Mongolia
*''Walckenaeria katanda, W. katanda''
Marusik, Hippa & Koponen, 1996 – Russia (South Siberia), Kazakhstan
*''Walckenaeria kazakhstanica, W. kazakhstanica''
Eskov, 1995 – Russia (Urals to South Siberia), Kazakhstan
*''Walckenaeria kigogensis, W. kigogensis''
Scharff, 1990 – Tanzania
*''Walckenaeria kochi, W. kochi''
(O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873) – Canada, Europe, Russia (Europe to South Siberia, Kamchatka), Kazakhstan
*''Walckenaeria koenboutjei, W. koenboutjei''
Baert, 1994 – Russia (Middle Siberia to Far East)
*''Walckenaeria korobeinikovi, W. korobeinikovi''
Esyunin & Efimik, 1996 – Russia (Europe to Far East), Japan
*''Walckenaeria kulalensis, W. kulalensis''
Holm, 1984 – Kenya
*''Walckenaeria languida, W. languida''
(Simon, 1915) – Morocco, Algeria, France, Italy, Switzerland, Austria
*''Walckenaeria latens, W. latens''
Millidge, 1983 – USA
*''Walckenaeria lepida, W. lepida''
(Kulczyński, 1885) – North America, Finland, Russia (Europe to Far East)
*''Walckenaeria maesta, W. maesta''
Millidge, 1983 – USA
*''Walckenaeria mariannae, W. mariannae''
Bosmans, 1993 – Algeria
*''Walckenaeria martensi, W. martensi''
Wunderlich, 1972 – India, Nepal
*''Walckenaeria mauensis, W. mauensis''
Holm, 1984 – Kenya
*''Walckenaeria meruensis, W. meruensis''
Tullgren, 1910 – Tanzania
*''Walckenaeria mesus, W. mesus''
(Chamberlin, 1949) – USA
*''Walckenaeria mexicana, W. mexicana''
Millidge, 1983 – Mexico
*''Walckenaeria microps, W. microps''
Holm, 1984 – Kenya, Uganda
*''Walckenaeria microspinosa, W. microspinosa''
Wunderlich, 2012 – Canary Is.
*''Walckenaeria microspiralis, W. microspiralis''
Millidge, 1983 – USA, Canada
*''Walckenaeria minuscula, W. minuscula''
Holm, 1984 – Kenya
*''Walckenaeria minuta, W. minuta''
(Emerton, 1882) – USA
*''Walckenaeria mitrata, W. mitrata''
(Menge, 1868) – Europe, Russia (Europe to Middle Siberia)
*''Walckenaeria monoceras, W. monoceras''
(Chamberlin & Ivie, 1947) – USA
*''Walckenaeria monoceros, W. monoceros''
(Wider, 1834) – Europe, Azerbaijan, Central Asia
*''Walckenaeria neglecta, W. neglecta''
Bosmans, 1993 – Algeria
*''Walckenaeria ngorongoroensis, W. ngorongoroensis''
Holm, 1984 – Tanzania
*''Walckenaeria nigeriensis, W. nigeriensis''
Locket & Russell-Smith, 1980 – Nigeria, Kenya
*''Walckenaeria nishikawai, W. nishikawai''
Saito, 1986 – Russia (Sakhalin, Kurile Is.), Japan
*''Walckenaeria nodosa, W. nodosa''
O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873 – Europe, Russia (Europe to Far East), China, Japan
*''Walckenaeria nudipalpis, W. nudipalpis''
(Westring, 1851) – Europe, Azerbaijan, Russia (Europe to Far East), Japan
*''Walckenaeria obtusa, W. obtusa''
Blackwall, 1836 – Europe, Russia (Europe to Far East)
*''Walckenaeria occidentalis, W. occidentalis''
Millidge, 1983 – USA
*''Walckenaeria ocularis, W. ocularis''
Holm, 1984 – Kenya
*''Walckenaeria oregona, W. oregona''
Millidge, 1983 – USA
*''Walckenaeria orghidani, W. orghidani''
Georgescu, 1977 – Cuba
*''Walckenaeria orientalis, W. orientalis''
(Oliger, 1985) – Russia (Far East), Korea, Japan
*''Walckenaeria pallida, W. pallida''
(Emerton, 1882) – USA, Canada
*''Walckenaeria palmgreni, W. palmgreni''
Eskov & Marusik, 1994 – Russia (Middle Siberia to Far East), Mongolia
*''Walckenaeria palmierro, W. palmierro''
Wunderlich, 1987 – Canary Is.
*''Walckenaeria palustris, W. palustris''
Millidge, 1983 – Canada
*''Walckenaeria parvicornis, W. parvicornis''
Wunderlich, 1995 – Mongolia
*''Walckenaeria pellax, W. pellax''
Millidge, 1983 – USA, Canada
*''Walckenaeria perdita, W. perdita''
(Chamberlin, 1949) – USA
*''Walckenaeria picetorum, W. picetorum''
(Palmgren, 1976) – Sweden, Finland, Russia (Europe to Far East)
*''Walckenaeria pinocchio, W. pinocchio''
(B. J. Kaston, Kaston, 1945) – USA, Canada
*''Walckenaeria pinoensis, W. pinoensis''
Wunderlich, 1992 – Canary Is.
*''Walckenaeria placida, W. placida''
(Nathan Banks, Banks, 1892) – USA
*''Walckenaeria plumata, W. plumata''
Millidge, 1979 – Italy
*''Walckenaeria prominens, W. prominens''
Millidge, 1983 – Canada
*''Walckenaeria puella, W. puella''
Millidge, 1983 – USA
*''Walckenaeria pullata, W. pullata''
Millidge, 1983 – USA, Canada
*''Walckenaeria pyrenaea, W. pyrenaea''
(Denis, 1952) – France
*''Walckenaeria reclusa, W. reclusa''
Millidge, 1983 – USA
*''Walckenaeria redneri, W. redneri''
Millidge, 1983 – USA, Canada
*''Walckenaeria rufula, W. rufula''
Millidge, 1983 – Mexico
*''Walckenaeria rutilis, W. rutilis''
Millidge, 1983 – Mexico
*''Walckenaeria ruwenzoriensis, W. ruwenzoriensis''
(Holm, 1962) – Central Africa, Congo, Uganda
*''Walckenaeria saetigera, W. saetigera''
Tanasevitch, 2011 – India
*''Walckenaeria saniuana, W. saniuana''
(Chamberlin & Ivie, 1939) – USA
*''Walckenaeria serrata, W. serrata''
Millidge, 1983 – USA
*''Walckenaeria simplex, W. simplex''
Chyzer, 1894 – Germany to Greece
*''Walckenaeria solivaga, W. solivaga''
Millidge, 1983 – USA
*''Walckenaeria spiralis, W. spiralis''
(Emerton, 1882) – Russia (Far North-East), Canada, USA
*''Walckenaeria stepposa, W. stepposa''
Tanasevitch & Piterkina, 2007 – Kazakhstan
*''Walckenaeria striata, W. striata''
Wunderlich, 1987 – Canary Is.
*''Walckenaeria stylifrons, W. stylifrons''
(O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1875) – Europe
*''Walckenaeria subdirecta, W. subdirecta''
Millidge, 1983 – USA, Canada
*''Walckenaeria subpallida, W. subpallida''
Millidge, 1983 – USA
*''Walckenaeria subspiralis, W. subspiralis''
Millidge, 1983 – USA, Canada
*''Walckenaeria subterranea, W. subterranea''
Wunderlich, 2011 – Canary Is.
*''Walckenaeria subvigilax, W. subvigilax''
Millidge, 1983 – USA
*''Walckenaeria supercilia, W. supercilia''
Seo, 2018 – Korea
*''Walckenaeria suspecta, W. suspecta''
(Kulczyński, 1882) – Poland, Slovakia
*''Walckenaeria tanzaniensis, W. tanzaniensis''
Jocqué & Scharff, 1986 – Tanzania
*''Walckenaeria teideensis, W. teideensis''
Wunderlich, 1992 – Canary Is.
*''Walckenaeria tenella, W. tenella''
Millidge, 1983 – USA, Canada
*''Walckenaeria tenuitibialis, W. tenuitibialis''
Bosmans, 1993 – Algeria
*''Walckenaeria teres, W. teres''
Millidge, 1983 – Canada
*''Walckenaeria thrinax, W. thrinax''
(Chamberlin & Ivie, 1933) – USA
*''Walckenaeria tibialis, W. tibialis''
(Emerton, 1882) – USA, Canada
*''Walckenaeria tilos, W. tilos''
Wunderlich, 2011 – Canary Is.
*''Walckenaeria torta, W. torta''
Bosmans, 1993 – Algeria
*''Walckenaeria tricornis, W. tricornis''
(Emerton, 1882) – USA, Canada
*''Walckenaeria tumida, W. tumida''
(Crosby & Bishop, 1931) – USA, Canada
*''Walckenaeria turbulenta, W. turbulenta''
Bosmans, 1993 – Algeria
*''Walckenaeria tystchenkoi, W. tystchenkoi''
Eskov & Marusik, 1994 – Russia (Far North-East to Sakhalin)
*''Walckenaeria uenoi, W. uenoi''
Saito & Irie, 1992 – Japan
*''Walckenaeria unicornis, W. unicornis''
O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1861 – Europe, Russia (Europe to West Siberia), Kazakhstan
*''Walckenaeria uzungwensis, W. uzungwensis''
Scharff, 1990 – Tanzania
*''Walckenaeria vigilax, W. vigilax''
(Blackwall, 1853) – North America, Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far North-East))
*''Walckenaeria vilbasteae, W. vilbasteae''
Wunderlich, 1980 – Estonia
*''Walckenaeria weber, W. weber''
(Chamberlin, 1949) – USA
*''Walckenaeria westringi, W. westringi''
Embrik Strand, Strand, 1903 – Norway
*''Walckenaeria wunderlichi, W. wunderlichi''
Tanasevitch, 1983 – Ukraine, Russia (Europe), Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan
*''Walckenaeria yunnanensis, W. yunnanensis''
Xia, Zhang, Gao, Fei & Kim, 2001 – China
Formerly included:
*''W. anceps''
Xu, 1985 (Transferred to ''Argyrodes'')
*''W. anguilliformis''
Xia, Zhang, Gao, Fei & Kim, 2001 (Transferred to ''Shaanxinus'')
*''W. bella''
(Paik, 1978) (Transferred to ''Paikiniana'')
*''W. caobangensis''
Tu & Li, 2004 (Transferred to ''Nasoona'')
*''W. cylindrica''
Xu, 1994 (Transferred to ''Paikiniana'')
*''W. dentata''
Zhu & Zhou, 1988 (Transferred to ''Dactylopisthes'')
*''W. imadatei''
(Oi, 1964) (Transferred to ''Oia (spider), Oia'')
*''W. iriei''
Ono, 2007 (Transferred to ''Paikiniana'')
*''W. kamakuraensis''
(Oi, 1960) (Transferred to ''Baryphymula'')
*''W. keikoae''
Saito, 1988 (Transferred to ''Paikiniana'')
*''W. lurida''
Seo, 1991 (Transferred to ''Paikiniana'')
*''W. mira''
(Oi, 1960) (Transferred to ''Paikiniana'')
*''W. patagonica''
Tullgren, 1901 (Transferred to ''Neomaso'')
*''W. pini''
(Holm, 1950) (Transferred to ''Baryphyma'')
*''W. saitoi''
Ono, 1991 (Transferred to ''Ainerigone'')
*''W. selma''
(Chamberlin, 1949) (Transferred to ''Scylaceus'')
*''W. sounkyoensis''
Saito, 1986 (Transferred to ''Okhotigone'')
*''W. transversa''
(Crosby, 1905) (Transferred to ''Tennesseellum'')
*''W. vulgaris''
(Oi, 1960) (Transferred to ''Paikiniana'')
*''W. xui''
Platnick, 1989 (Transferred to ''Argyrodes'')
Nomen dubium, Nomina dubia
*''W. bicolor''
Blackwall, 1841
*''W. dulciacensis''
(Denis, 1950
*''W. exilis''
Blackwall, 1853
*''W. fusca''
Roșca, 1935
*''W. mengei''
Bösenberg, 1902
*''W. parva''
Blackwall, 1841
*''W. vafra''
Blackwall, 1856
See also
* List of Linyphiidae species (Q–Z)
References
Further reading
*
*
*
*
*
External links
*
Walckenaeria' at BugGuide
{{Taxonbar, from=Q2518986
Araneomorphae genera
Cosmopolitan spiders
Linyphiidae
Taxa named by John Blackwall