Värmdö Municipality
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Värmdö Municipality (''Värmdö kommun'') is a
municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...
in
Stockholm County Stockholm County ( sv, Stockholms län, link=no ) is a county or '' län'' (in Swedish) on the Baltic Sea coast of Sweden. It borders Uppsala County and Södermanland County. It also borders Mälaren and the Baltic Sea. The city of Stockholm ...
in east central
Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ...
. Its seat is in the town of Gustavsberg, with a population of 9,682 (2005), on the main island at an elevation of . The municipality is named after the main island Värmdön, in size. The municipality in its present form was created in 1974, when "old" Värmdö was amalgamated with Gustavsberg (which had been detached from it in 1902) and Djurö.


Geography

The municipality consists of 10,000 islands, all part of Stockholm archipelago. The larger islands are Värmdö,
Ingarö Ingarö is an island in Värmdö Municipality, Stockholm County. The chief settlement is called Brunn. With an area of 63.26 km2, it is the 16th biggest island in Sweden. Petroglyphs indicate that the island has been inhabited since the No ...
, Fågelbrolandet, Djurö/Vindö, Svartsö, Möja, Runmarö and Nämdö. Gustavsberg is the main town, and there are also several villages and suburbs spread out such as Djurö, Stavsnäs, Mörtnäs, Hemmesta, Brunn, Strömma and Sandhamn.


History

The name Värmdö can be traced to 1314, but it is not clear what it means. (It is likely that it comes from the word ''värmd'', a small hot spring in the ocean which causes holes in the ice in winter, and which there are several of in the area.) The area has however been inhabited longer than that, probably from the
Stone Age The Stone Age was a broad prehistoric period during which stone was widely used to make tools with an edge, a point, or a percussion surface. The period lasted for roughly 3.4 million years, and ended between 4,000 BC and 2,000 BC, with t ...
wherefrom remains are found. The people lived on fishing and the hunting of
seal Seal may refer to any of the following: Common uses * Pinniped, a diverse group of semi-aquatic marine mammals, many of which are commonly called seals, particularly: ** Earless seal, or "true seal" ** Fur seal * Seal (emblem), a device to impr ...
s and
sea bird Seabirds (also known as marine birds) are birds that are adapted to life within the marine environment. While seabirds vary greatly in lifestyle, behaviour and physiology, they often exhibit striking convergent evolution, as the same enviro ...
s. As the coast climate was not suitable for traditional cereal crops, the agricultural efforts were often directed towards the cultivation of potatoes. After the introduction of steam boat lines around 1850, wealthy people in
Stockholm Stockholm () is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in Sweden by population, largest city of Sweden as well as the List of urban areas in the Nordic countries, largest urban area in Scandinavia. Approximately 980,000 people liv ...
started to build vacation houses around the stations. When today's main roads were built in the 1930s, only the steam boats serving islands remained, and the expansion continued. With the municipal reform in the 1970s, Värmdö was created through a merger between six small municipalities and adopted the coat of arms of Gustavsberg, with two porcelain ovens. Värmdö is a rapidly expanding suburban area to Stockholm and also one of the most exclusive areas for vacation houses in Sweden. During the summer month, the population triples.


Industry

The industry of the municipality was dominated by the
porcelain Porcelain () is a ceramic material made by heating substances, generally including materials such as kaolinite, in a kiln to temperatures between . The strength and translucence of porcelain, relative to other types of pottery, arises mainl ...
factory in Gustavsberg, established in the 1820s. Around the year 1900, 1,000 people were employed there, making it one of the largest working places in Sweden. During the summer the population of the municipality triples due to the large number of tourists and vacation houses.


Demography


Population development


Residents with a foreign background

On the 31st of December 2017 the number of people with a foreign background (persons born outside of Sweden or with two parents born outside of Sweden) was 7 305, or 16.81% of the population (43 444 on the 31st of December 2017). On the 31st of December 2002 the number of residents with a foreign background was (per the same definition) 4 515, or 13.82% of the population (32 664 on the 31st of December 2002). On 31 December 2017 there were 43 444 residents in Värmdö, of which 5 683 people (13.08%) were born in a country other than Sweden. Divided by country in the table below - the Nordic countries as well as the 12 most common countries of birth outside of Sweden for Swedish residents have been included, with other countries of birth bundled together by continent by
Statistics Sweden Statistics Sweden ( sv, Statistiska centralbyrån ; SCB) is the Swedish government agency operating under the Ministry of Finance and responsible for producing official statistics for decision-making, debate and research. The agency's responsib ...
.Statistiska centralbyrån: Utrikes födda efter län, kommun och födelseland 31 december 2017
(XLS-fil) Läst 5 januari 2019


Transport

Värmdö is more easily accessible by water than by land. The boat service Waxholmsbolaget offers routes to various islands in the Värmdö archipelago. By land, the major road is the county road 222, a motorway from Stockholm. It ends in the ferry harbour of Stavsnäs, one of the major connection points in the Stockholm archipelago. The municipality has no rail connection, but is served by a number of bus routes operated by
Storstockholms Lokaltrafik Storstockholms Lokaltrafik, or more formally Aktiebolaget Storstockholms Lokaltrafik (Greater Stockholm Local Transit Company), is the organisation running all of the land based public transport systems in Stockholm County. It was previously k ...
, SL. Most buses terminate in Stockholm at Slussen. In 2018, the bus terminal was moved to a temporary terminal to the east, which has a higher capacity than the old slot. Some of the major bus lines to Värmdö include 422 from
Nacka Nacka () is the municipal seat of Nacka Municipality and part of Stockholm urban area in Sweden. The municipality's name harks back to a 16th-century industrial operation established by the Crown at Nacka farmstead where conditions for water mil ...
, 425, 433, 434, and 474 from Stockholm. Bus connections have improved significantly since the addition of several routes in 2005.


Sports

The following sports clubs are in Värmdö Municipality: *
Värmdö IF Värmdö IF is a Swedish football club located in Värmdö Municipality in Stockholm County. Background Since their foundation in 1948 Värmdö IF has participated mainly in the lower divisions of the Swedish football league system. The club ...
* Värmdö Hockey


Notable people

*
Peter Jöback Peter Arne Jöback (born 4 June 1971 in Stockholm, Sweden) is a Swedish singer, actor and musical artist. Biography Early life and education Peter Jöback was born on 4 June 1971 in Stockholm. He spent his childhood in Värmland and Östergö ...
*
Henrik von Rehbinder Henrik von Rehbinder (1604–1680) was a Swedish soldier and ''freiherr'' of the Udriku estate in Swedish Estonia. Genealogisches Handbuch der baltischen Ritterschaften, Teil 2 Estland, Bd. 1, Görlitz, 1930s.187 Biography He was born on 8 Octob ...
*
Felix Sandman Karl Felix Wilhelm Sandman (born 25 October 1998) is a Swedish singer and actor. He is best known as a member of the boy band FO&O with two studio albums '' Off the Grid'' (2014) and ''FO&O'' (2017). He plays Sebastian Fagerman in the first Swed ...


See also

*
Strömma Canal The Strömma Canal ( sv, Strömma kanal) is a short canal located near Strömma, on Värmdö (island), Värmdö island, Stockholm County, part of Värmdö Municipality in Sweden. Situation This short canal runs parallel to the Svanvägen Road ...


References


External links


Värmdö Municipality
- Official site {{DEFAULTSORT:Varmdo Municipality Municipalities of Stockholm County Metropolitan Stockholm