The

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...

n island of

Java Java (; id, Jawa, ; jv, ꦗꦮ; su, ) is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea to the north. With a population of 151.6 million people, Java is the world's List ...

is almost entirely of

volcanic A volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface. On Earth, volcanoes are most often found where tectonic plates a ...

origin, and contains numerous volcanoes, 45 of which are considered active volcanoes. As is the case for many other Indonesian islands, volcanoes have played a vital role in the geological and human history of Java. Indeed, land is created on Java as a result of lava flows, ash deposits, and mud flows (''lahars''). Volcanoes are a major contributor to the immense fertility of Java, as natural erosion transports volcanic material as

alluvium Alluvium (from Latin ''alluvius'', from ''alluere'' 'to wash against') is loose clay, silt, sand, or gravel that has been deposited by running water in a stream bed, on a floodplain, in an alluvial fan or beach, or in similar settings. Alluv ...

to the island's plains, forming thick layers of fertile sediment. The benefit is not just in the immediate vicinity of the volcano, with fine ash emitted from eruptions being dispersed over wide areas. Climbing volcanoes (and other mountains) is increasingly popular.

List of volcanoes

This list is of volcanoes from the west of Java to the east. Local terminology and usage has the word ''Gunung'' (''mount or mountain'') precede the names.

West Java

* Pulosari Stratovolcano * Gunung Karang Stratovolcano * Kiaraberes-Gagak Stratovolcano * Perbakti Stratovolcano *

Mount Salak Mount Salak ( id, Gunung Salak, su, Gunung Salak) is an eroded volcano in West Java, Indonesia. It has several satellite cones on its southeast flank and the northern foot, along with two additional craters at the summit. Mount Salak has been e ...

Stratovolcano *

Mount Gede Mount Gede or Gunung Gede (''Big Mountain'' in Sundanese) is a stratovolcano in West Java, Indonesia. The volcano contains two peaks with Mount Gede as one peak and Mount Pangrango for the other one. Three major cities, Cianjur, Sukabumi and Bog ...

Stratovolcano *

Mount Pangrango Mount Pangrango is a dormant stratovolcano located in the Sunda Arc of West Java, Indonesia. The mountain formed by a subduction zone on the southern coast of Java facing the Indian Ocean. It is located about 80 km south of Jakarta, capital of I ...

Stratovolcano *

Mount Patuha Mount Patuha is a twin stratovolcano about 50 km to the southwest of Bandung in West Java, Indonesia. It is located in the Bandung District of West Java. It is one of numerous volcanoes in this area; others in the region include Mount Malab ...

Stratovolcano *

Wayang-Windu Wayang-Windu is a twin volcano that consists of Mount Wayang ( Indonesian: ''Gunung Wayang'', "Mount Shadow") and Mount Windu. They are located just to the east of the town of Pangalengan in the Bandung Regency (''Kabupaten'' or ''District'') in ...

Lava dome *

Mount Malabar Mount Malabar is a stratovolcano, located immediately south of Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. The profile is broad with basaltic andesite, type of geological stone. See also * List of volcanoes in Indonesia * Malabar Radio Station Refere ...

Stratovolcano *

Tangkuban Parahu Tangkuban Perahu (also Tangkuban Parahu) is a stratovolcano 30 km north of the city of Bandung, the provincial capital of West Java, Indonesia. It erupted in 1826, 1829, 1842, 1846, 1896, 1910, 1926, 1929, 1952, 1957, 1961, 1965, 1967, 1969 ...

Stratovolcano *

Mount Papandayan Mount Papandayan is a complex stratovolcano, located in Garut Regency, to the southeast of the city of Bandung in West Java, Indonesia. It is about to the southwest of the town of Garut. At the summit, there are four large craters which cont ...

Stratovolcanoes * Mount Kendang Stratovolcano *

Kamojang Kamojang, popularly known as Kawah Kamojang or (the Kamojang crater), is a geothermal field and tourist spot in West Java, Indonesia. The crater is located in sub-district ( ''kecamatan'') Ibun in the Bandung Regency, approximately 45 km to ...

Stratovolcanoes *

Mount Guntur Mount Guntur ( id, Gunung Guntur) is an active stratovolcano in western Java. It is part of a complex of several overlapping stratovolcanoes about northwest of the city of Garut. The last eruption was in 1847. At an elevation of , Mount Guntur ...

Complex volcano *

Mount Tampomas Mount Tampomas is a small andesitic stratovolcano in West Java, Indonesia. Young lava flows are found on the eastern flank of the volcano. The mountain was used as a source of construction rock to build the nearby Mrica Hydroelectric Dam projec ...

Stratovolcano *

Galunggung Mount Galunggung (Indonesian: ''Gunung Galunggung'', formerly spelled ''Galoen-gong'') is an active stratovolcano in West Java, Indonesia, around southeast of the West Java provincial capital, Bandung (or around to the east of the West Java t ...

Stratovolcano *

Talagabodas Mount Talagabodas or Mount Telagabodas (which means Mount of ''White Lake'' (refer to white crater lake) in Sundanese) is a stratovolcano in West Java, Indonesia. The volcano is about 25 km to the east of the town of Garut and is built up of ...

Stratovolcano *

Karaha Crater Karaha Crater or Kawah Karaha is a fumarole field in Java, Indonesia. It is an eroded crater from the last eruption in which its date is unknown. The field covers 250 × 80 m area and contains sulfur deposit. See also * List of volcano ...

Fumarole field *

Mount Cereme Mount Ciremai/Cereme (or ''Ciremay'') is a dominating symmetrical stratovolcano in West Java, Indonesia. It is located to the southwest of the major town of Cirebon. Mt Ciremai is strikingly visible towards the south from the main west–east ...

Stratovolcano

Central Java

Mount Slamet Mount Slamet or Gunung Slamet is an active stratovolcano in the Purbalingga Regency of Central Java, Indonesia. It has a cluster of around three dozen cinder cones on the lower southeast-northeast flanks and a single cinder cone on the western ...

Stratovolcano *

Dieng Volcanic Complex The Dieng Volcanic Complex ( jv, ꦢꦶꦲꦾꦁ, Dihyang) is a volcanic complex located on the Dieng Plateau in the Central Java, Indonesia, a complex of volcanoes. The volcanic complex consists of two or more of stratovolcanoes, more than 20 sm ...

Complex volcano *

Mount Sundoro Mount Sindoro, Mount Sindara or Mount Sundoro is an active stratovolcano in Central Java, Indonesia. Parasitic craters and cones are found in the northwest-southern flanks; the largest is called Kembang. A small lava dome occupies the volcano ...

Stratovolcano *

Mount Sumbing Mount is often used as part of the name of specific mountains, e.g. Mount Everest. Mount or Mounts may also refer to: Places * Mount, Cornwall, a village in Warleggan parish, England * Mount, Perranzabuloe, a hamlet in Perranzabuloe parish, C ...

Stratovolcano *

Mount Ungaran Mount Ungaran is a deeply eroded stratovolcano, located in the south of Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. There are no historical records about the mountain's activities. Two active fumarole fields are found on the southern flanks. The town ...

Stratovolcano *

Mount Telomoyo Mount Telomoyo is a stratovolcano in Central Java, Indonesia. The volcano was constructed over the southern flank of the eroded Pleistocene-age Soropati volcano, which has a height of .http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=0603-231 ...

Stratovolcano *

Mount Merbabu Mount Merbabu ( id, Gunung Merbabu) is a dormant stratovolcano in Central Java province on the Indonesian island of Java. The name ''Merbabu'' could be loosely translated as 'Mountain of Ash' from the Javanese combined words; ''Meru'' means "mo ...

Stratovolcano *

Mount Merapi Mount Merapi, ''Gunung Merapi'' (literally Fire Mountain in Indonesian and Javanese), is an active stratovolcano located on the border between the province of Central Java and the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. It is the most active ...

Stratovolcano *

Mount Muria Mount Muria or Gunung Muria is a dormant volcano on the north coast of Java, Indonesia. It is located in the center of the Muria peninsula, which juts northward into the Java Sea on the north coast of Central Java, Indonesia east of Semarang, t ...

Stratovolcano *

Mount Lawu The Lawu ( jv, ꦭꦮꦸ), or Mount Lawu ( jv, ꦒꦸꦤꦸꦁꦭꦮꦸ, Gunung Lawu) is a massive compound stratovolcano straddling the border between East Java and Central Java, Indonesia. The north side is deeply eroded and the eastern s ...

Stratovolcano (bordering with

East Java East Java ( id, Jawa Timur) is a Provinces of Indonesia, province of Indonesia located in the easternmost hemisphere of Java island. It has a land border only with the province of Central Java to the west; the Java Sea and the Indian Ocean bord ...

)

East Java

Stratovolcano (bordering with

Central Java Central Java ( id, Jawa Tengah) is a province of Indonesia, located in the middle of the island of Java. Its administrative capital is Semarang. It is bordered by West Java in the west, the Indian Ocean and the Special Region of Yogyakarta in t ...

) *

Mount Wilis Mount Wilis is a solitary volcanic massif surrounded by low-elevation plains. It is located in Java island, Indonesia. No confirmed historical eruptions are known from this volcano. Images gallery File:Mount Wilis view.jpg, Mount Wilis viewed f ...

Stratovolcano *

Kelut The Kelud ( jv, ꦏꦼꦭꦸꦢ꧀, Kelud, sometimes spelled as ''Klut'', ''Cloot'', ''Kloet'', ''Kloete'', ''Keloed'' or ''Kelut'') is an active stratovolcano located in Kediri, East Java, Indonesia. Like many Indonesian volcanoes and others on ...

Stratovolcano * Kawi- Butak Stratovolcanoes *

Arjuno-Welirang Mount Arjuno-Welirang is a stratovolcano in the province of East Java on Java, Indonesia. Mount Arjuno-Welirang lies about 50 kilometers (31 mi) south of Surabaya, and 20 kilometers (12 mi) north of Malang. It is a twin volcano, with the 'twin ...

Stratovolcano * Penanggungan Stratovolcano * Malang Plain Maars *

Semeru The Semeru ( jv, ꦱꦼꦩꦺꦫꦸ), or Mount Semeru ( jv, ꦒꦸꦤꦸꦁꦱꦼꦩꦺꦫꦸ (Pegon:, Gunung Semeru), is an active volcano located in East Java, Indonesia. It is located in a subduction zone, where the Indo-Australian plate ...

Stratovolcano *

Mount Bromo The Bromo ( jv, ꦧꦿꦩ), or Mount Bromo ( jv, ꦒꦸꦤꦸꦁꦧꦿꦩ Pegon: , Gunung Bromo) is an active somma volcano and part of the Tengger mountain range, Tengger mountains, in East Java, Indonesia. At it is not the highest pea ...

Lamongan Lamongan Regency is a regency ''(kabupaten)'' of East Java, Indonesia. It has a total land area of approximately or + 3.78% of the area of East Java Province. With a length of along the coastline, the sea area of Lamongan Regency is about , if ...

Stratovolcano * Mount Lurus *

Iyang-Argapura Iyang-Argapura or Mount Argopuro is a massive volcanic complex that dominates the landscape between Mount Raung and Mount Lamongan in East Java, Indonesia. Valleys up to 1,000 m deep dissect the strongly eroded Iyang volcano. No historical e ...

Complex volcano * Raung Stratovolcano *

Ijen Map of Ijen Crater, where sulfur is mined The Ijen volcano complex is a group of composite volcanoes located on the border between Banyuwangi Regency and Bondowoso Regency of East Java, Indonesia. It is known for its blue fire, acidic crate ...

Stratovolcanoes * Baluran Stratovolcano

List of active volcanoes

References

* Whitten, T, Soaeriaatmadja, R. E., Afiff, S. A., (editors), ''The Ecology of Java and Bali'', Periplus Editions (HK) Ltd. 1996, Hardcover, 969 pages, {{ISBN, 962-593-072-8