The voiced alveolar lateral fricative is a type of

consonant In articulatory phonetics, a consonant is a speech sound that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the vocal tract. Examples are and pronounced with the lips; and pronounced with the front of the tongue; and pronounced wit ...

al sound, used in some spoken

language Language is a structured system of communication. The structure of a language is its grammar and the free components are its vocabulary. Languages are the primary means by which humans communicate, and may be conveyed through a variety of met ...

s. The symbol in the

International Phonetic Alphabet The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is an alphabetic system of phonetic transcription, phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin script. It was devised by the International Phonetic Association in the late 19th century as a standa ...

that represents voiced dental,

alveolar Alveolus (; pl. alveoli, adj. alveolar) is a general anatomical term for a concave cavity or pit. Uses in anatomy and zoology * Pulmonary alveolus, an air sac in the lungs ** Alveolar cell or pneumocyte ** Alveolar duct ** Alveolar macrophage * ...

, and

postalveolar Postalveolar or post-alveolar consonants are consonants articulated with the tongue near or touching the ''back'' of the alveolar ridge. Articulation is farther back in the mouth than the alveolar consonants, which are at the ridge itself, but no ...

lateral fricatives is (sometimes referred to as ''lezh''), and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is K\.

Features

Features of the voiced alveolar lateral fricative:

Occurrence

Dental or denti-alveolar

Alveolar

In addition, a

pharyngealized Pharyngealization is a secondary articulation of consonants or vowels by which the pharynx or epiglottis is constricted during the articulation of the sound. IPA symbols In the International Phonetic Alphabet, pharyngealization can be indicated ...

voiced alveolar lateral fricative is reconstructed to be the ancient

Classical Arabic Classical Arabic ( ar, links=no, ٱلْعَرَبِيَّةُ ٱلْفُصْحَىٰ, al-ʿarabīyah al-fuṣḥā) or Quranic Arabic is the standardized literary form of Arabic used from the 7th century and throughout the Middle Ages, most notab ...

pronunciation of ; the letter is now pronounced in

Modern Standard Arabic Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) or Modern Written Arabic (MWA), terms used mostly by linguists, is the variety of Standard language, standardized, Literary language, literary Arabic that developed in the Arab world in the late 19th and early 20th ...

as a

voiced

coronal stop A coronal stop is a stop consonant articulated with the front part of the tongue (whence " coronal"). Depending on the precise place of articulation, several types can be distinguished: * Dental stops, articulated with the tongue touching the upper ...

, as alveolar or denti-alveolar .

Related characters

There are several

Unicode Unicode, formally The Unicode Standard,The formal version reference is is an information technology Technical standard, standard for the consistent character encoding, encoding, representation, and handling of Character (computing), text expre ...

characters based on lezh (ɮ): * is a superscript IPA letter * is a superscript IPA letter * is an extension to IPA for disordered speech (extIPA)

Notation

In 1938, a symbol shaped similarly to

heng Heng may refer to: Name * Heng (surname), a surname from Southeast Asia * HENG abbreviation from "Hydrogen Enriched Natural Gas", see hydrogen compressed natural gas * Heng, one of deities Heng and Ha Letters * Heng (letter), an uncommon lett ...

was approved as the official IPA symbol for the voiced alveolar lateral fricative, replacing . It was suggested at the same time, however, that a compromise shaped like something between the two may also be used at the author's discretion. It was this compromise version that was included in the 1949 ''Principles of the International Phonetic Association'' and the subsequent IPA charts, until it was replaced again by at the 1989

Kiel Convention The International Phonetic Alphabet was created soon after the International Phonetic Association was established in the late 19th century. It was intended as an international system of phonetic transcription for oral languages, originally for p ...

. Despite the Association's prescription, is nonetheless seen in literature from the 1960s to the 1980s.

Notes

References

* * * *

External links

* {{IPA navigation Alveolar consonants Fricative consonants Lateral consonants Pulmonic consonants Voiced oral consonants