Vladimir Ivanovich Nemirovich-Danchenko (russian: Владимир Иванович Немирович-Данченко; , Ozurgeti – 25 April 1943, Moscow), was a Soviet and Russian theatre director, writer, pedagogue, playwright, producer and theatre administrator, who founded the Moscow Art Theatre with his colleague, Konstantin Stanislavski, in 1898.Немирович-Данченко Владимир Иванович

Great Soviet Encyclopedia The ''Great Soviet Encyclopedia'' (GSE; ) is one of the largest Russian-language encyclopedias, published in the Soviet Union from 1926 to 1990. After 2002, the encyclopedia's data was partially included into the later ''Bolshaya rossiyskaya e ...

Biography

Vladimir Ivanovich Nemirovich-Danchenko was born into a Russian noble family of mixed Ukrainian- Armenian descent, in the village of

Shemokmedi Shemokmedi ( ka, შემოქმედი) is a village in the Ozurgeti Municipality, Guria, Georgia. It is located in western Georgia, on the Bzhuzhi river, at elevation of 190 m above sea level, 7 km east of the city of Ozurgeti. The vill ...

near Ozurgeti ( Guria,

Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the Southeast United States Georgia may also refer to: Places Historical states and entities * Related to t ...

). His father, Ivan Danchenko, was an officer in the Imperial Russian army, and his mother, Aleksandra Yagubyan (1829–1914), was Armenian from the Governorate of Tiflis. He went to high school in

Tbilisi Tbilisi ( ; ka, თბილისი ), in some languages still known by its pre-1936 name Tiflis ( ), is the capital and the largest city of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Kura River with a population of approximately 1.5 million p ...

, continuing his education at Moscow State University (physical-mathematical and juridical departments 1876–79). In 1879 he left the university for the theatre, starting as a theatre critic, and in 1881, his first play "Dog-rose", which was staged in one year by

Maly Theatre The Maly Theatre, or Mali Theatre, may refer to one of several different theatres: * The Maly Theatre (Moscow), also known as The State Academic Maly Theatre of Russia, in Moscow (founded in 1756 and given its own building in 1824) * The Maly Theat ...

, was published. He was a teacher of

Ivan Moskvin Ivan Mikhailovich Moskvin (russian: Иван Михайлович Москвин; 18 June 1874, in Moscow – 16 February 1946, in Moscow) was a Russian and Soviet actor and theater director. People's Artist of the USSR (1936). He became director ...

, Olga Knipper and Vsevolod Meyerhold. In 1919, he established the Musical Theatre of the Moscow Art Theatre, which was reformed into the Nemirovich-Danchenko Musical Theatre in 1926. In 1943 Nemirovich-Danchenko established the Moscow Art Theatre School, which is still extant.Школа-студия МХАТ: История
mhatschool.theatre.ru He died of a heart attack on 25 April 1943, aged 84, in Moscow.

Legacy

Nemirovich-Danchenko's Moscow Art Theatre staged Chekhov and Gorky drama with theretofore unknown naturalism and full expression. In addition, his theatre presented highly acclaimed Dostoevsky and Tolstoy dramatizations.Radischeva, O.A. (1997
''Станиславский и Немирович-Данченко: История театральных отношений: 1897 – 1908''
Moscow: Artist. Rezhisser. Teatr. It has been said that "If Stanislavski was the soul of Art Theatre, then Nemirovich was its heart". Nemirovich-Danchenko created the Moscow Art Theatre's acting and directing style, known for "actors ensemble" and its "atmosphere". Because of his directorial and production skills, the Moscow Art Theatre was considered, at the time, the best theatre in the Soviet Union. But Nemirovich didn't write down his acting "system" and we know only the " system of Stanislavski". He was one of the first recipients of the title of

People's Artist of the USSR People's Artist of the USSR ( rus, Народный артист СССР, Narodny artist SSSR), also sometimes translated as National Artist of the USSR, was an honorary title granted to artists of the Soviet Union. Nomenclature and significa ...

in 1936. Later, he was awarded the Order of Lenin (3 May 1937) and the Stalin Prize (1942, 1943).

Productions

*'' The Brothers Karamazov'' (1910) *'' Resurrection'' (1930) *'' Anna Karenina'' (1937) *'' Three Sisters'' (1940)

References

External links

Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko: Biography from Answers.com
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nemirovich-Danchenko, Vladimir 1858 births 1943 deaths 19th-century theatre 20th-century theatre People from Guria People from Kutais Governorate People from Ozurgeti Moscow Art Theatre Moscow State University alumni People's Artists of the RSFSR People's Artists of the USSR Stalin Prize winners Recipients of the Order of Lenin Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour Georgian people of Armenian descent Georgian people of Ukrainian descent Russian opera directors Russian theatre critics Russian theatre directors Soviet theatre critics Soviet theatre directors Burials at Novodevichy Cemetery