Vladimir Emmanuilovich Grabar (10 (22) January 1865, Vienna — 26 November 1956, Моscow) — was a Russian and Soviet jurist. The brother of painter Igor Grabar, and the husband of philologue and translator

Maria Grabar-Passek Maria may refer to: People * Mary, mother of Jesus * Maria (given name), a popular given name in many languages Place names Extraterrestrial *170 Maria, a Main belt S-type asteroid discovered in 1877 * Lunar maria (plural of ''mare''), large, ...

. He is one of the leading specialists in international law of the pre-revolutionary and post-Revolutionary Soviet period. Grabar was held a number of leading posts during his impressive and broad career, including: professor of international law, academician, dean, legal advisor to the

Imperial Russian The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War ...

government and the Soviet state, internationally recognized jurist and historian. His academic and professional career encompassed the last decades of the Russian empire and the first four decades of the Soviet period. His most notable work on the history of international law in Russia (1647-1917) guaranteed a visible place not only in the Russian legal academy but also abroad.

Early life

Grabar was born on 10/22 January 1865 in Vienna, Austria at a home located on Währinger Hauptstrasse, 214, during the rise of European national movements. Grabar's maternal grandfather (Adolf Dobryansky) was one of the leaders of the Carpatho-Rusyns, striving for incorporation of Galician Ruthenia ( East Galicia, Carpathian Ruthenia and

Bukovina Bukovinagerman: Bukowina or ; hu, Bukovina; pl, Bukowina; ro, Bucovina; uk, Буковина, ; see also other languages. is a historical region, variously described as part of either Central or Eastern Europe (or both).Klaus Peter BergerT ...

) into a unified Russian empire. Dobryansky gave all of his children and grandchildren Russian names, Olga, Vladimir and Igor. Grabar's parents devoted themselves to revolutionary work and were persecuted by the

Austro-Hungarian Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire,, the Dual Monarchy, or Austria, was a constitutional monarchy and great power in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. It was formed with the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of ...

authorities (see The Case of

Olga Grabar Olga may refer to: People and fictional characters * Olga (name), a given name, including a list of people and fictional characters named Olga or Olha * Michael Algar (born 1962), English singer also known as "Olga" Places Russia * Olga, Russi ...

). His father, Emanuel Ivanovich Grabar ( - 1910)- was a volunteer in the militia of

Lajos Kossuth Lajos Kossuth de Udvard et Kossuthfalva (, hu, udvardi és kossuthfalvi Kossuth Lajos, sk, Ľudovít Košút, anglicised as Louis Kossuth; 19 September 1802 – 20 March 1894) was a Hungarian nobleman, lawyer, journalist, poli ...

. Thereafter, Emanuel Grabar obtained a legal education in the Hungarian University at Pest and was admitted to the bar. In 1869, he was elected as a deputy to the Hungarian parliament to represent the Hungarian-Russian district of Máramaros County. For some time, Emanuel Grabar published the satirical journal ''The Owl'' «Сова», successfully publishing six editions prior to being censored and abolished by the government. The persecution led to the family's emigration in 1871. At first the family immigrated to Italy, where over the course of three years the children had a personal tutor in the form of a patriarch Terletsky, serving the colony of

Carpathian The Carpathian Mountains or Carpathians () are a range of mountains forming an arc across Central Europe. Roughly long, it is the third-longest European mountain range after the Urals at and the Scandinavian Mountains at . The range stretches ...

emigrants. Afterwards, the family immigrated along with the colony to Paris. In 1876, Emanuel Grabar arrived in Russia and began teaching under the pseudonym Khrabrov (Храбров), specializing in modern languages, first in Egorevsk, then in Ryazan, followed by Izmail, and finally

Tartu Tartu is the second largest city in Estonia after the Northern European country's political and financial capital, Tallinn. Tartu has a population of 91,407 (as of 2021). It is southeast of Tallinn and 245 kilometres (152 miles) northeast of ...

(1893–1918), where he was appointed the deputy rector of the university.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Grabar, Vladimir 1865 births 1956 deaths Burials at Vagankovo Cemetery 20th-century jurists Imperial Moscow University alumni University of Tartu faculty Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour Russian jurists Soviet jurists

Early life

See also

References