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Vladimir Maksimovich Fritsche (Russian: Владимир Максимович Фриче; 27 October O.S._15_October.html" ;"title="Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="nowiki/> O.S._15_October">Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html"_;"title="nowiki/>Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates">O.S._15_October1870_–_4_September_1929)_was_a_Russian_and_Soviet_
origin. After his family's departure to Germany, he supported himself financially by giving lessons. After graduating in 1889 with a medal from a German Gymnasium (school)">gymnasium, he entered the Faculty of History and Philology of Imperial Moscow University, where he studied first classical philology, then Western literature; was the initiator of the creation, and then a member, of the Circle of Lovers of Western European Literature. After graduating from the university in 1894, Fritsche became a faculty member at the Department of General Literature. He joined the
Vladimir Fritsche Archive
at Marxists.org {{DEFAULTSORT:Fritsche, Vladimir 1870 births 1929 deaths Russian literary critics Soviet literary critics Soviet academics Academicians of the Soviet Union Russian Marxists Russian people of German descent Russian Social Democratic Labour Party members Old Bolsheviks Moscow State University faculty Imperial Moscow University alumni Full Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences Philosophers of art Soviet art historians Soviet art critics Russian art critics Russian art historians Burials at Vvedenskoye Cemetery
Vladimir Maksimovich Fritsche (Russian: Владимир Максимович Фриче; 27 October O.S._15_October.html" ;"title="Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="nowiki/> O.S._15_October">Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html"_;"title="nowiki/>Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates">O.S._15_October1870_–_4_September_1929)_was_a_Russian_and_Soviet_O.S._15_October">Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html"_;"title="nowiki/>Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates">O.S._15_October1870_–_4_September_1929)_was_a_Russian_and_Soviet_Marxist_aesthetics">Marxist_literary_and_art_scholar,_critic_and_academic.
_
German(s)_may_refer_to:
*_Germany_(of_or_related_to)
**_Germania_(historical_use)
*_Germans,_citizens_of_Germany,_people_of_German_ancestry,_or_native_speakers_of_the_German_language
**_For_citizens_of_Germany,_see_also_German_nationality_law
**Ge_...
_origin._After_his_family's_departure_to_Germany,_he_supported_himself_financially_by_giving_lessons._After_graduating_in_1889_with_a_medal_from_a_German_Gymnasium_(school).html" ;"title="Germans.html" "title="Marxist_aesthetics.html" ;"title="Old Style and New Style dates">O.S. 15 October">Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="nowiki/>Old Style and New Style dates">O.S. 15 October1870 – 4 September 1929) was a Russian and Soviet Marxist aesthetics">Marxist literary and art scholar, critic and academic.
__Biography_
Frische_was_born_into_a_middle-class_family_of_ O.S._15_October">Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html"_;"title="nowiki/>Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates">O.S._15_October1870_–_4_September_1929)_was_a_Russian_and_Soviet_Marxist_aesthetics">Marxist_literary_and_art_scholar,_critic_and_academic.__Biography_
Frische_was_born_into_a_middle-class_family_of_Germans">GermanBiography
Frische was born into a middle-class family of Germans">German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) ** Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ge ...Bolshevik
The Bolsheviks (russian: Большевики́, from большинство́ ''bol'shinstvó'', 'majority'),; derived from ''bol'shinstvó'' (большинство́), "majority", literally meaning "one of the majority". also known in English ...
faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in 1905 and from 1905 to 1907 he was a member of the literary and lecture group of the RSDLP.
Fritsche was the founding editor of the magazine ''Zhurnalist'' in 1914, a magazine which was dedicated to analysis of mass media.
On , he was appointed commissar for the protection of appanage and palace property in Moscow. In March 1918, he was Commissar for Foreign Affairs of the Council of People's Commissars of the Moscow City Council.
After the Russian Civil War
{{Infobox military conflict
, conflict = Russian Civil War
, partof = the Russian Revolution and the aftermath of World War I
, image =
, caption = Clockwise from top left:
{{flatlist,
*Soldiers ...
he was involved in educational and scientific activities. A member of the Commission of the People's Commissariat of Education the RSFSR (known as the Rothstein Commission), he became director of the Institute of Language and Literature of the Academy of Sciences in 1922 as well as a professor at the Moscow State University
M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU; russian: Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова) is a public research university in Moscow, Russia and the most prestigious ...
.
Fritsche was director of the Literary Department of the Institute of Red Professors, and section of literature at the Communist Academy. He was rector of the Russian Association of the Social Science Institutions (RANION) from 1927. He was first editor of the journal ''Literature and Marxism''.
In 1929 after the Soviet state decided to take control over the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union
The Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union was the highest scientific institution of the Soviet Union from 1925 to 1991, uniting the country's leading scientists, subordinated directly to the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (until 1946 ...
, Fritsche was chosen as a candidate alongside Nikolai Lukin
Nikolai Mikhailovich Lukin (Russian: Николай Михайлович Лукин; July 20, 1885 – July 19, 1940) was a Soviet Marxist historian and publicist. He was a leader among Soviet historians in the 1930s, after the death of Mikhai ...
and Abram Deborin Abram Moiseyevich Deborin (Ioffe) (russian: Абра́м Моисе́евич Дебо́рин Ио́ффе; , Upyna, Kovno Governorate – 8 March 1963) was a Soviet Marxist philosopher and academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Uni ...
to become Academicians of the Academy of Sciences. Despite the pressure, all three Communist candidates failed to get elected. Considering the real threat of the dissolution of the USSR Academy of Sciences, the leadership of the Academy was forced to decide on a second ballot with the participation of newly elected academicians. As a result, on February 13, all three were elected.
Fritsche was the responsible editor of the first two volumes of the Literary Encyclopedia
''Literary Encyclopedia'' (Russian: Литературная энциклопедия) is a 12-volume encyclopedia published in the USSR from 1929 until 1939. It contains more than 5000 entries with a focus on Russian and Soviet authors, as well ...
. He died during the preparation of the 3rd volume but until the 9th volume his name was on the list of the editorial board.
Vladimir Fritsche is buried at Vvedenskoye Cemetery
Vvedenskoye Cemetery ( rus, Введенское кладбище, p=vʲːɪˈdʲenskəjə) is a historic cemetery in the Lefortovo District of Moscow in Russia.
Until 1918 it was mainly a burial ground for the Catholic and Protestant communitie ...
.
References
External links
Vladimir Fritsche Archive
at Marxists.org {{DEFAULTSORT:Fritsche, Vladimir 1870 births 1929 deaths Russian literary critics Soviet literary critics Soviet academics Academicians of the Soviet Union Russian Marxists Russian people of German descent Russian Social Democratic Labour Party members Old Bolsheviks Moscow State University faculty Imperial Moscow University alumni Full Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences Philosophers of art Soviet art historians Soviet art critics Russian art critics Russian art historians Burials at Vvedenskoye Cemetery