![Church of Saint Mary in Vishneva, Belarus](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/Church_of_Saint_Mary_in_Vishneva%2C_Belarus.jpg)
Vishnyeva ( be, Ві́шнева,
Višnieva; russian: Вишнево, ''Vishnevo''; pl, Wiszniew; lt, Vyšniavas; yi, ווישנעווע, ''Vishneve'') is an
agrotown in the
Valozhyn District
Valozhyn District is a second-level administrative subdivision (raion) of Belarus in the Minsk Region
Minsk Region or Minsk Oblast or Minsk Voblasts ( be, Мі́нская во́бласць, ''Minskaja voblasć'' ; russian: Минская о́ ...
of
Minsk Region
Minsk Region or Minsk Oblast or Minsk Voblasts ( be, Мі́нская во́бласць, ''Minskaja voblasć'' ; russian: Минская о́бласть, ''Minskaya oblast'') is one of the regions of Belarus. Its administrative center is Minsk ...
,
Belarus
Belarus,, , ; alternatively and formerly known as Byelorussia (from Russian ). officially the Republic of Belarus,; rus, Республика Беларусь, Respublika Belarus. is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by ...
, near the border with
Lithuania.
History
![Vishnyeva Jewish Cemetery 1](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Vishnyeva_Jewish_Cemetery_1.JPG)
The town was probably established in the 14th century. In 1859, it had 72 households, totalling 900 people, of which 500 were
Jews
Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...
. In 1897, it had a population of 2650, including the rural neighbourhood, of which 1463 were Jews. The population of Vishnyeva in 1907 was 2,650, of which 1,863 were Jews. In World War II, the Vishnyeva Ghetto included 1,100 men, women, children and infants, and all were burnt alive by the Nazis and their local collaborators in the Vishnyeva Synagogue on 22 September 1942. Among those killed on that day was the grandfather of
Shimon Peres, who later became
President
President most commonly refers to:
*President (corporate title)
* President (education), a leader of a college or university
* President (government title)
President may also refer to:
Automobiles
* Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ...
of
Israel
Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
. Some Jews were taken to the
ghetto
A ghetto, often called ''the'' ghetto, is a part of a city in which members of a minority group live, especially as a result of political, social, legal, environmental or economic pressure. Ghettos are often known for being more impoverished t ...
in the nearby town of
Valozhyn
Valozhyn, Vałožyn or Volozhin ( be, Вало́жын, , russian: Воло́жин, lt, Valažinas, pl, Wołożyn, yi, וואָלאָזשין ''Volozhin''; also written as Wolozin and Wolozhin) is a town in the Minsk Region of Belarus. The pop ...
and killed there. Remains of a
Jewish cemetery can be located in the town. A few survivors have emigrated to Israel and to other countries.
People
The small town was the place of death of
Symon Budny
Szymon Budny or Symon Budny ( be, Сымон Будны, pl, Szymon Budny, russian: Симеон Будный; c.1533, Budne – 13 January 1593, Vishnyeva) was a Polish- Belarusian humanist, educator, Hebraist, Bible translator, Protestant ...
. Four centuries later, it was the birthplace of Shimon Peres, the former President of Israel, who emigrated to
Mandatory Palestine
Mandatory Palestine ( ar, فلسطين الانتدابية '; he, פָּלֶשְׂתִּינָה (א״י) ', where "E.Y." indicates ''’Eretz Yiśrā’ēl'', the Land of Israel) was a geopolitical entity established between 1920 and 1948 ...
with his family in 1934,
Vishnyeva was also the birthplace of
Yehoshua Rabinovitz
Yehoshua Rabinovitz ( he, יהושע רבינוביץ, 12 November 1911 – 14 August 1979) was an Israeli politician who served as a government minister and mayor of Tel Aviv.
Biography
Born in Vishneva in the Russian Empire (today in Belarus ...
, who served as the Finance Minister of the State of Israel and the Mayor of
Tel-Aviv
Tel Aviv-Yafo ( he, תֵּל־אָבִיב-יָפוֹ, translit=Tēl-ʾĀvīv-Yāfō ; ar, تَلّ أَبِيب – يَافَا, translit=Tall ʾAbīb-Yāfā, links=no), often referred to as just Tel Aviv, is the most populous city in the ...
; of
Nahum Goldman
Nahum Goldmann ( he, נחום גולדמן) (July 10, 1895 – August 29, 1982) was a leading Zionist. He was a founder of the World Jewish Congress and its president from 1951 to 1978, and was also president of the World Zionist Organization from ...
, who was the founder and president of the
World Jewish Congress
The World Jewish Congress (WJC) was founded in Geneva, Switzerland in August 1936 as an international federation of Jewish communities and organizations. According to its mission statement, the World Jewish Congress' main purpose is to act as ...
, and of the Dudman family, of which
Yadin Dudai is an internationally renowned leader in
neuroscience
Neuroscience is the scientific study of the nervous system (the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nervous system), its functions and disorders. It is a multidisciplinary science that combines physiology, anatomy, molecular biology, developme ...
.
Landmarks
*
Church of Saint Mary, built in 1637—1641, is an example of
Baroque style and listed as Belarus Cultural Heritage object.
References
Further reading
*
External links
Vishnevoat KehilaLinks
*
Populated places in Minsk Region
Valozhyn District
Vilnius Voivodeship
Oshmyansky Uyezd
Nowogródek Voivodeship (1919–1939)
Holocaust locations in Belarus
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