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Violanthrone, also known as dibenzanthrone, is an
organic compound
In chemistry, organic compounds are generally any chemical compounds that contain carbon- hydrogen or carbon-carbon bonds. Due to carbon's ability to catenate (form chains with other carbon atoms), millions of organic compounds are known. Th ...
that serves as a vat dye
Vat dyes are a class of dyes that are classified as such because of the method by which they are applied. Vat dyeing is a process that refers to dyeing that takes place in a bucket or vat. The original vat dye is indigo, once obtained only from p ...
and a precursor to other vat dyes. X-ray crystallography
X-ray crystallography is the experimental science determining the atomic and molecular structure of a crystal, in which the crystalline structure causes a beam of incident X-rays to diffract into many specific directions. By measuring the angle ...
confirms that the molecule is planar with C2v symmetry. Isomeric with violanthrone is isoviolanthrone, which has a centrosymmetric structure.
Synthesis
It is produced by coupling of two molecules of benzanthrone.Heinrich Zollinger, Color Chemistry: Syntheses, Properties, and Applications of Organic Dyes and Pigments, 3rd edition, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2003, , p. 291 :
References
{{Reflist Fluorescent dyes Ketones Polycyclic aromatic compounds