ota, ولايت بغداد
''Vilâyet-i Bagdad''
, conventional_long_name = Baghdad Vilayet
, common_name = Baghdad Vilayet
, subdivision =
Vilayet
A vilayet ( ota, , "province"), also known by #Names, various other names, was a first-order administrative division of the later Ottoman Empire. It was introduced in the Vilayet Law of 21 January 1867, part of the Tanzimat reform movement init ...
, nation = Ottoman Empire
, year_start = 1864
, year_end = 1918
, date_start =
, date_end =
, event_start =
Vilayet Law
The 1864 Vilayet Law ( ota, ولایت نظامنامهسی, ; french: Loi des vilayets, group=note), also known as the Provincial Reform Law, was introduced during the Tanzimat era of the late Ottoman Empire. This era of administration was ma ...
, event_end =
Armistice of Mudros
Concluded on 30 October 1918 and taking effect at noon the next day, the Armistice of Mudros ( tr, Mondros Mütarekesi) ended hostilities in the Middle Eastern theatre between the Ottoman Empire and the Allies of World War I. It was signed by th ...
, p1 = Baghdad Eyalet
, flag_p1 = Ottoman Flag.svg
, s1 = Mandatory Iraq
, flag_s1 = Flag of Iraq 1924.svg
, image_flag = Flag of the Ottoman Empire (1844–1922).svg
, flag_type =
, image_coat =
, image_map = Baghdad Vilayet, Ottoman Empire (1900).png
, image_map_caption = The Baghdad Vilayet in 1900
, capital =
Baghdad
Baghdad (; ar, بَغْدَاد , ) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab world after Cairo. It is located on the Tigris near the ruins of the ancient city of Babylon and the Sassanid Persian capital of Ctesiphon ...
, today =
Iraq
Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...
, stat_year1 = 1885
, stat_area1 = 141160
, stat_pop1 = 850,000
, stat_year2 =
, stat_area2 =
, stat_pop2 =
, footnotes =
, demonym =
Bagdadi
, flag = Flags of the Ottoman Empire
The Vilayet of Baghdad ( ar, ولاية بغداد; ota, ولايت بغداد, 'Vilâyet-i Bagdad;
Modern Turkish
Turkish ( , ), also referred to as Turkish of Turkey (''Türkiye Türkçesi''), is the most widely spoken of the Turkic languages, with around 80 to 90 million speakers. It is the national language of Turkey and Northern Cyprus. Significant smal ...
: ''Bağdat Vilâyeti'') was a first-level administrative division (
vilayet
A vilayet ( ota, , "province"), also known by #Names, various other names, was a first-order administrative division of the later Ottoman Empire. It was introduced in the Vilayet Law of 21 January 1867, part of the Tanzimat reform movement init ...
) of the
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
in modern-day central
Iraq
Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...
. The capital was
Baghdad
Baghdad (; ar, بَغْدَاد , ) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab world after Cairo. It is located on the Tigris near the ruins of the ancient city of Babylon and the Sassanid Persian capital of Ctesiphon ...
.
At the beginning of the 20th century it reportedly had an area of , while the preliminary results of the first Ottoman census of 1885 (published in 1908) gave the population as 850,000.
[Asia](_blank)
by A. H. Keane
Augustus Henry Keane (1833–1912) was an Irish Roman Catholic journalist and linguist, known for his ethnological writings.
Early life
He was born in Cork (city), Cork, Ireland.George Grant MacCurdy, James Mooney and A. B. Legía - Antonio Flor ...
, page 460 The accuracy of the population figures ranges from "approximate" to "merely conjectural" depending on the region from which they were gathered.
Demographics
The last Ottoman Census of 1917 stated that in Baghdad Sanjak out of the 202,000 population, 88,000 were Jews,12,000 Christian, 8,000 Kurds, 800 Persian and rest Arab and other Muslims.
History
In 1869,
Midhat Pasha
Ahmed Şefik Midhat Pasha ( ota , احمد شفيق مدحت پاشا, 18 October 1822 – 26 April 1883) was an Ottoman democrat, kingmaker and one of the leading statesmen during the late Tanzimat period. He is most famous for leading the O ...
was inaugurated as governor of Baghdad. He extended Ottoman jurisdiction as far as the town of
al-Bida, after he had established his authority in
Nejd
Najd ( ar, نَجْدٌ, ), or the Nejd, forms the geographic center of Saudi Arabia, accounting for about a third of the country's modern population and, since the Emirate of Diriyah, acting as the base for all unification campaigns by the H ...
. In January 1872, Qatar was designated as a
kaza
A kaza (, , , plural: , , ; ota, قضا, script=Arab, (; meaning 'borough')
* bg, околия (; meaning 'district'); also Кааза
* el, υποδιοίκησις () or (, which means 'borough' or 'municipality'); also ()
* lad, kaza
, ...
under the Sanjak of Nejd. However, relations with the Ottoman authorities became hostile in both al-Bida and Nejd, leading eventually to the
Battle of Al Wajbah
The Battle of Al Wajbah was an armed conflict that took place in March 1893 in Qatar, a province of the Ottoman Empire's Najd sanjak at that time. The conflict was initiated after Ottoman officials imprisoned 16 Qatari tribal leaders and ordered a ...
, at which Ottomans were defeated.
Administrative divisions
Sanjaks
Sanjaks (liwāʾ) (plural form: alwiyāʾ)
* Armenian: նահանգ (''nahang''; meaning "province")
* Bulgarian: окръг ('' okrǔg''; meaning "county", "province", or "region")
* el, Διοίκησις (''dioikēsis'', meaning "province") ...
or Districts of the vilayet:
[Bagdad Vilayeti , Tarih ve Medeniyet](_blank)
/ref>
Governors
Notable governors of the Vilayet:
/ref>
* Hafiz Ahmed Midhat Shefik Pasha
Ahmed Şefik Midhat Pasha ( ota , احمد شفيق مدحت پاشا, 18 October 1822 – 26 April 1883) was an Ottoman democrat, kingmaker and one of the leading statesmen during the late Tanzimat period. He is most famous for leading the O ...
(March 1869 - November 1871)
* Giritli Sırrı Pasha
Giritli Sırrı Pasha ("Sırrı Pasha the Cretan") was a 19th-century Ottoman administrator and man of letters of Turkish Cretan origin.
He was born in 1844 in Kandiye, Crete, Ottoman Empire as the son of Helvacızade Salih Tosun Efendi. He s ...
See also
* List of Ottoman governors of Baghdad Ottoman walis (1638–1704)
* Kashik Hassan Pasha (1638–1639)
* Darwesh Pasha (1639–1642)
* Kashik Hassan (1642–1644)
* Daly Hussain (1644–1644)
* Mohamed Pasha (1644–1645)
* Mussa Pasha (1645–1646)
* Ibrahim Pasha (1646–1646)
* Muss ...
References
External links
*
*
1869 establishments in the Ottoman Empire
1918 disestablishments in the Ottoman Empire
{{Ottoman-stub