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Victor Fatio (28 November 1838 – 19 March 1906), was a
Victor Fatio (28 November 1838 – 19 March 1906), was a Swiss
Swiss may refer to:
* the adjectival form of Switzerland
* Swiss people
Places
* Swiss, Missouri
* Swiss, North Carolina
*Swiss, West Virginia
* Swiss, Wisconsin
Other uses
*Swiss-system tournament, in various games and sports
*Swiss Internation ...
zoologist
Zoology ()The pronunciation of zoology as is usually regarded as nonstandard, though it is not uncommon. is the branch of biology that studies the Animal, animal kingdom, including the anatomy, structure, embryology, evolution, Biological clas ...
. He was a bird conservationist, noting the value of birds in pest control in agriculture. He was involved in organizing the first anti-phylloxera congress in Lauxanne in 1877.
Biography
Fatio was born as Victor Fatio de Beaumont inGeneva
Geneva ( ; french: Genève ) frp, Genèva ; german: link=no, Genf ; it, Ginevra ; rm, Genevra is the List of cities in Switzerland, second-most populous city in Switzerland (after Zürich) and the most populous city of Romandy, the French-speaki ...
to lawyer Gustave Fatio de Beaumont and Suzanne Françoise. His interest in animals was aroused in childhood, when he was accompanied his father on hunting trips. Fatio studied physiology
Physiology (; ) is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system. As a sub-discipline of biology, physiology focuses on how organisms, organ systems, individual organs, cells, and biomolecules carry out the chemical ...
in Zurich, Berlin
Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitue ...
and Leipzig
Leipzig ( , ; Upper Saxon: ) is the most populous city in the German state of Saxony. Leipzig's population of 605,407 inhabitants (1.1 million in the larger urban zone) as of 2021 places the city as Germany's eighth most populous, as wel ...
where he studied under Ernst Heinrich and Eduard Weber to receive the degree of a Doctor of Philosophy
A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, Ph.D., or DPhil; Latin: or ') is the most common Academic degree, degree at the highest academic level awarded following a course of study. PhDs are awarded for programs across the whole breadth of academic fields ...
with a thesis titled ''De avium corpore pneumatic'' (1860). In 1861 however, he almost forgot his physiology knowledge due to a typhoid fever
Typhoid fever, also known as typhoid, is a disease caused by '' Salmonella'' serotype Typhi bacteria. Symptoms vary from mild to severe, and usually begin six to 30 days after exposure. Often there is a gradual onset of a high fever over several ...
illness. After his recovery he went to Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...
in 1862 to participate in the courses of Henri Milne-Edwards
Henri Milne-Edwards (23 October 1800 – 29 July 1885) was an eminent French zoologist.
Biography
Henri Milne-Edwards was the 27th child of William Edwards, an English planter and colonel of the militia in Jamaica and Elisabeth Vaux, a Frenchw ...
(1800–1885) and Claude Bernard at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle
The French National Museum of Natural History, known in French as the ' (abbreviation MNHN), is the national natural history museum of France and a ' of higher education part of Sorbonne Universities. The main museum, with four galleries, is loc ...
, where he studied zoology. He also studied zoology at Zurich under Oswald Heer and Heinrich Frey. Fatio married Anne Germaine, daughter of banker Alphone Turrettini in 1865.
When Phylloxera
Grape phylloxera is an insect pest of commercial grapevines worldwide, originally native to eastern North America. Grape phylloxera (''Daktulosphaira vitifoliae'' (Fitch 1855) belong to the family Phylloxeridae, within the order Hemiptera, bugs ...
invaded Switzerland
). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel ...
in 1874, Fatio made extensive studies and initiated the world's first congress for the prevention of the grapevine pest which took place in Lausanne
, neighboring_municipalities= Bottens, Bretigny-sur-Morrens, Chavannes-près-Renens, Cheseaux-sur-Lausanne, Crissier, Cugy, Écublens, Épalinges, Évian-les-Bains (FR-74), Froideville, Jouxtens-Mézery, Le Mont-sur-Lausanne, Lugrin (FR-74), ...
in 1877. The results of his studies and the congress were published in his work ''État de la question phylloxérique en Europe en 1877'' in 1878. Furthermore, he wrote several publications about ''Phylloxera'' in Switzerland
). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel ...
and in Savoy
Savoy (; frp, Savouè ; french: Savoie ) is a cultural-historical region in the Western Alps.
Situated on the cultural boundary between Occitania and Piedmont, the area extends from Lake Geneva in the north to the Dauphiné in the south.
Savo ...
.
Between 1869 and 1904 he worked on the ''Faune des Vertébrés de la Suisse'' was released, a comprehensive work with six volumes about the mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, and fish species of Switzerland.
Together with Théophile Rudolphe Studer
Théophile Rudolphe Studer (27 November 1845 – 12 February 1922) was a Swiss ornithologist and marine biologist.
From 1871 to 1922 he was a curator of zoological collections at the museum of natural history in Berne. In 1874–1876 he took part ...
(1845–1922), Victor Fatio published the ''Catalogue des oiseaux de la Suisse'' ("Catalog of the Swiss birds"), of which only the first three booklets were released between 1889 and 1901. Further sixteen volumes were released by other editors until 1956.
Fatio described several animal species including the Albock (''Coregonus wartmanni alpinus'', later reclassified as full species ''Coregonus fatioi'' by Maurice Kottelat
Maurice Kottelat (born 16 July 1957 in Delémont, SwitzerlandCo ...
in 1997), the Pfarrig
''Coregonus confusus'' is a freshwater whitefish from Switzerland. It is also known by its native Swiss German common name, spelled pfärrit, pfarrig, and pfärrig. It was described as ''Coregonus annectens confusus'' by Victor Fatio in 1885 fr ...
(''Coregonus confusus''), the Autumn brienzlig
''Coregonus albellus'', also called the autumn brienzlig, is a species of whitefish belonging to the family Salmonidae. It is endemic to Lakes Thun and Brienz in Switzerland's Interlaken region, where it is pelagic
The pelagic zone consis ...
(''Coregonus albellus''), or the Alpine pine vole
The alpine pine vole (''Microtus multiplex'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.
It is found in Austria, France, Italy, Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegowina (Una National ParkCatalogue des Oiseaux de la Suisse – 1: Rapaces diurnes
' / par V. Fatio et D. Studer. 1889 *
Catalogue des Oiseaux de la Suisse – 2: Hiboux et Fissirostres
' / par V. Fatio et Th. Studer. 1894 *
Catalogue de Oiseaux de la Suisse – 3:
' ''Saxicolinae et Motacillidae.'' * ''Des diverses modifications dans les formes et la coloration des plumes''. (Tiré des Memoires...de Genève tome XVIII, 2ème partie). 1866 * ''Les campagnols du bassin du Léman''. 1867 * ''Importance d'une assurance mutuelle contre le Phylloxera dans le canton de Genève''. 1879 * ''Faune des Vertébrés de la Suisse – Histoire naturelle des Mammifères''. Genève et Bâle. H. Georg, 1869 * ''Faune des Vertébrés de la Suisse – Histoire naturelle des reptiles et des batraciens. ''. Genève et Bâle. H. Georg, 1872 * ''Faune des Vertébrés de la Suisse – Histoire naturelle des Poissons. Part I.''. Genève et Bâle. H. Georg, 1882 * ''Faune des Vertébrés de la Suisse – Histoire naturelle des Poissons. IIme partie. Physostomes (suite et fin), Anacanthiens, Chondrostéens, Cyclostomes.''. Genève et Bâle. H. Georg, 1890 * ''Faune des Vertébrés de la Suisse – Histoire naturelle des Oiseaux Ie Partie''. Genève et Bâle. H. Georg, 1899 * ''Faune des Vertébrés de la Suisse – Histoire naturelle des Oiseaux IIe Partie''. Genève et Bâle. H. Georg, 1904
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fatio, Victor Leipzig University alumni Scientists from Geneva 1838 births 1906 deaths 19th-century Swiss zoologists
' / par V. Fatio et D. Studer. 1889 *
Catalogue des Oiseaux de la Suisse – 2: Hiboux et Fissirostres
' / par V. Fatio et Th. Studer. 1894 *
Catalogue de Oiseaux de la Suisse – 3:
' ''Saxicolinae et Motacillidae.'' * ''Des diverses modifications dans les formes et la coloration des plumes''. (Tiré des Memoires...de Genève tome XVIII, 2ème partie). 1866 * ''Les campagnols du bassin du Léman''. 1867 * ''Importance d'une assurance mutuelle contre le Phylloxera dans le canton de Genève''. 1879 * ''Faune des Vertébrés de la Suisse – Histoire naturelle des Mammifères''. Genève et Bâle. H. Georg, 1869 * ''Faune des Vertébrés de la Suisse – Histoire naturelle des reptiles et des batraciens. ''. Genève et Bâle. H. Georg, 1872 * ''Faune des Vertébrés de la Suisse – Histoire naturelle des Poissons. Part I.''. Genève et Bâle. H. Georg, 1882 * ''Faune des Vertébrés de la Suisse – Histoire naturelle des Poissons. IIme partie. Physostomes (suite et fin), Anacanthiens, Chondrostéens, Cyclostomes.''. Genève et Bâle. H. Georg, 1890 * ''Faune des Vertébrés de la Suisse – Histoire naturelle des Oiseaux Ie Partie''. Genève et Bâle. H. Georg, 1899 * ''Faune des Vertébrés de la Suisse – Histoire naturelle des Oiseaux IIe Partie''. Genève et Bâle. H. Georg, 1904
References
External links
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fatio, Victor Leipzig University alumni Scientists from Geneva 1838 births 1906 deaths 19th-century Swiss zoologists