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The Vickers Light Dragon was a fully-tracked British field
A more powerful engine was fitted, a petrol 4.5 litre
The running gear is basically like that of the Vickers Light Tank Mk III. The angled suspension springs make a triangle shape. The two return rollers are protected by triangular flanges, which do not appear on the Light Tank Mk III. A large silencer was mounted horizontally at the rear of the vehicle.
A number of sources claim that the Belgian T-13 B3 tank destroyer (or Type 3) was based on the Light Dragon Mark IIB. It seems that a single vehicle was purchased for trials (being cheaper than an entire tank), but the resulting production vehicle bears almost no resemblance to the Dragon. As photographs clearly show, the bogie suspension was changed from coil springs to leaf springs to cope with the extra weight of the turret. The tracks were strengthened; the upper body is completely different; and a more powerful engine was fitted. They were made in Belgium under licence by the , and there appears to be little connection between the two vehicles.
The Marks I and II of the Light Dragon were relatively expensive and specialised, and in search of something cheaper Vickers-Armstrongs produced the DA50 in 1934. This vehicle was developed into two variants: the Machine Gun Carrier Mk I, which became the basis for the Bren Carrier, and an artillery tractor, the Light Dragon Mark III.
The Mark III had no position for the Vickers machine gun and more space in the back. The wheelbase is shorter than the Mark II, with only three road wheels per side, and only one return roller. The front sprockets are spoked, with solid rear idlers - the reverse of the Light Dragon Marks I and II.
For identification purposes the Light Dragon Mark III has the rear sprocket set high, and the suspension springs form a triangle shape - in contrast with the Light Tank Mk IV, which has the rear sprocket on the ground and suspension springs both pointing the same way. The sloping front was re-designed with a flat vertical section immediately in front of the driver: the headlights are mounted on boxy extensions at driver level. Distinctive forward-sloping mudguard wings cover the tracks at the front of the vehicle, in common with the Machine Gun Carrier Mk I.
The engine, gearbox and transmission were all made by
Data source:
*Light Dragon Mark I (c1929) ~ Gun Tractor. - Based on Vickers Mark II Light Tank
*Light Dragon Mark II Based on Vickers Mark III Light Tank
*Light Dragon Mark IIB ~ Version with revised seating arrangements
*Light Dragon Mark IIC ~ With exhaust pipe protector
*Light Dragon Mark IID ~
*Light Dragon Mark III (c1934) ~ Unarmoured Vickers D50 based gun tractor.
photos of Light Dragons
Vickers Artillery tractors
The Vickers Light Dragon was a fully-tracked British field artillery tractor
An artillery tractor, also referred to as a gun tractor, is a specialized heavy-duty form of tractor unit used to tow artillery pieces of varying weights and calibres. It may be 6x6, wheeled, continuous track, tracked, or half-tracked.
Trac ...
made by Vickers-Armstrongs
Vickers-Armstrongs Limited was a British engineering conglomerate formed by the merger of the assets of Vickers Limited and Sir W G Armstrong Whitworth & Company in 1927. The majority of the company was nationalised in the 1960s and 1970s, w ...
Ltd from 1929 to 1935. Designed to tow small-calibre field guns, it complemented Vickers' Medium Dragon tractor, which pulled medium to heavy artillery.
There were three main versions, Light Dragon Marks I-III. The first two were based on the chassis of Vickers Light Tanks Marks II and III, and the Light Dragon Mark III used the running gear of the Vickers-Armstrongs DA50, an early version of what became the Universal Carrier
The Universal Carrier, also known as the Bren Gun Carrier and sometimes simply the Bren Carrier from the light machine gun armament, is a common name describing a family of light armoured tracked vehicles built by Vickers-Armstrongs and other ...
.
Mark I
The Vickers Light Dragon was manufactured at the Woolwich Arsenal and was intended to tow theQF 18-pounder gun
The Ordnance QF 18-pounder,British military traditionally denoted smaller ordnance by the weight of its standard projectile, in this case approximately or simply 18-pounder gun, was the standard British Empire field gun of the First World War ...
.
The chassis and running gear came from the Vickers Light Tank Mk II, which first appeared in 1929. There were four large spoked road wheels in pairs, using Horstmann suspension
Horstmann suspension, also known as Horstman, Vickers-Horstman and rarely Slow Motion, is a type of tracked suspension devised by British tank designer John Carden and worked into a production design by engineer Sidney Horstmann.
First used o ...
with horizontal coil springs, and three return rollers. The front sprockets were solid, the rear sprockets spoked. The vehicle had a flat front panel.
In a British recognition guide to the German Panzer III
The ''Panzerkampfwagen III'', commonly known as the Panzer III, was a medium tank developed in the 1930s by Germany, and was used extensively in World War II. The official German ordnance designation was Sd.Kfz. 141. It was intended to fight oth ...
issued in November 1942, the sketches of the tracks of the Panzer I
The Panzer I was a light tank produced in Nazi Germany in the 1930s. Its name is short for (German for "armored fighting vehicle mark I"), abbreviated as . The tank's official German ordnance inventory designation was ''Sd.Kfz. 101'' ...
and Panzer II
The Panzer II is the common name used for a family of German tanks used in World War II. The official German designation was ''Panzerkampfwagen'' II (abbreviated PzKpfw II).
Although the vehicle had originally been designed as a stopgap while la ...
, and the III and Panzer IV
The ''Panzerkampfwagen'' IV (Pz.Kpfw. IV), commonly known as the ''Panzer'' IV, was a German medium tank developed in the late 1930s and used extensively during the Second World War. Its ordnance inventory designation was Sd.Kfz. 161.
The Panze ...
indicate that they had their pedigree in the original tracks from the Dragon Mark I.
Mark 1A
It had a sloping front panel; the suspension and tracks were similar to the Mark I with three return rollers. Like the Carden Loyd tankettes, the Light Dragon Marks I and II used clutch-brake steering, which suffered from the unfortunate habit of sometimes turning the opposite way to what an inexperienced driver intended when travelling downhill. The engine was on the right-hand side directly behind the driver. The four crew sat on a bench around the left-hand side and at the rear.Mark II
A more powerful engine was fitted, a petrol 4.5 litre Meadows
A meadow ( ) is an open habitat, or field, vegetated by grasses, herbs, and other non-woody plants. Trees or shrubs may sparsely populate meadows, as long as these areas maintain an open character. Meadows may be naturally occurring or artifici ...
6-cylinder. The armour was improved, with better accommodation for the crew. The suspension springs are horizontal like on the Mark I, but there are only two return rollers, similar to the Vickers Light Tank Mk IIA. The front of the vehicle has a sloping front plate. The exhaust pipe exits the body half-way back on the left-hand side. The headlights were mounted low down on a short vertical front plate, level with the top of the tracks.
Mk IIB
The running gear is basically like that of the Vickers Light Tank Mk III. The angled suspension springs make a triangle shape. The two return rollers are protected by triangular flanges, which do not appear on the Light Tank Mk III. A large silencer was mounted horizontally at the rear of the vehicle.
A number of sources claim that the Belgian T-13 B3 tank destroyer (or Type 3) was based on the Light Dragon Mark IIB. It seems that a single vehicle was purchased for trials (being cheaper than an entire tank), but the resulting production vehicle bears almost no resemblance to the Dragon. As photographs clearly show, the bogie suspension was changed from coil springs to leaf springs to cope with the extra weight of the turret. The tracks were strengthened; the upper body is completely different; and a more powerful engine was fitted. They were made in Belgium under licence by the , and there appears to be little connection between the two vehicles.
Mark IIC
The exhaust pipe is protected by a larger diameter pipe, possibly armoured. The headlights are recessed into the front plate, covered by semi-circular hoods beneath overhanging sloping front plate. There was also a Mark IID.Mk III
The Marks I and II of the Light Dragon were relatively expensive and specialised, and in search of something cheaper Vickers-Armstrongs produced the DA50 in 1934. This vehicle was developed into two variants: the Machine Gun Carrier Mk I, which became the basis for the Bren Carrier, and an artillery tractor, the Light Dragon Mark III.
The Mark III had no position for the Vickers machine gun and more space in the back. The wheelbase is shorter than the Mark II, with only three road wheels per side, and only one return roller. The front sprockets are spoked, with solid rear idlers - the reverse of the Light Dragon Marks I and II.
For identification purposes the Light Dragon Mark III has the rear sprocket set high, and the suspension springs form a triangle shape - in contrast with the Light Tank Mk IV, which has the rear sprocket on the ground and suspension springs both pointing the same way. The sloping front was re-designed with a flat vertical section immediately in front of the driver: the headlights are mounted on boxy extensions at driver level. Distinctive forward-sloping mudguard wings cover the tracks at the front of the vehicle, in common with the Machine Gun Carrier Mk I.
The engine, gearbox and transmission were all made by Ford
Ford commonly refers to:
* Ford Motor Company, an automobile manufacturer founded by Henry Ford
* Ford (crossing), a shallow crossing on a river
Ford may also refer to:
Ford Motor Company
* Henry Ford, founder of the Ford Motor Company
* Ford F ...
: the centrally-located engine was a commercial V-8, coupled to a 4-speed gearbox with 1 reverse, driving a standard truck rear axle and differential. The steering, probably the invention of Sir John Carden
Sir John Valentine Carden, 6th Baronet MBE (6 February 1892 – 10 December 1935) was an English tank and vehicle designer. He was the sixth baronet of Templemore, County Tipperary, from 1931.
Work
Born in London, Carden was a talented, self ...
and his assistant Leslie Little, was a great improvement on the earlier Dragons. The front suspension units were mounted on a common axle which was capable of being moved laterally sideways. When the driver turned the steering wheel a small amount, both front bogies were pushed sideways which bent the tracks. For tighter turns, a greater movement of the steering wheel brought skid steering into play, where a clutchless brake was applied to one side or other of the differential.
Sixty-nine Vickers D50s were bought by the army for conversion to Light Dragons Mark III. ''See also Universal Carrier § Design and development''.
Variants
Data source:
*Light Dragon Mark I (c1929) ~ Gun Tractor. - Based on Vickers Mark II Light Tank
*Light Dragon Mark II Based on Vickers Mark III Light Tank
*Light Dragon Mark IIB ~ Version with revised seating arrangements
*Light Dragon Mark IIC ~ With exhaust pipe protector
*Light Dragon Mark IID ~
*Light Dragon Mark III (c1934) ~ Unarmoured Vickers D50 based gun tractor.
Gallery
References
Bibliography
* *{{cite book , last=Fletcher , first=David , others=Illustrated by Tony Bryan , title=Universal Carrier 1936–48: The 'Bren Gun Carrier' Story , publisher=Osprey Publishing , place=Oxford , series=New Vanguard 110 , year=2005 , isbn=1841768138 * {{cite book , last=Ness , first=Leland , title=Jane's World War I Tanks and Fighting Vehicles: The Complete Guide , publisher=HarperCollins , year=2002 , isbn=000711228-9 , url=https://archive.org/details/Janes-WorldWarIiTanksAndFightingVehicles-TheCompleteGuide.pdf/page/n47/mode/1upExternal links
photos of Light Dragons
Vickers Artillery tractors