The former
Kingdom of Kerma
The Kerma culture or Kerma kingdom was an early civilization centered in Kerma, Sudan. It flourished from around 2500 BC to 1500 BC in ancient Nubia. The Kerma culture was based in the southern part of Nubia, or "Upper Nubia" (in parts of present ...
in
Nubia
Nubia () (Nobiin: Nobīn, ) is a region along the Nile river encompassing the area between the first cataract of the Nile (just south of Aswan in southern Egypt) and the confluence of the Blue and White Niles (in Khartoum in central Sudan), or ...
, was a province of
ancient Egypt from the 16th century BCE to eleventh century BCE. During this period, the polity was ruled by a
viceroy
A viceroy () is an official who reigns over a polity in the name of and as the representative of the monarch of the territory. The term derives from the Latin prefix ''vice-'', meaning "in the place of" and the French word ''roy'', meaning "k ...
who reported directly to the Egyptian
Pharaoh
Pharaoh (, ; Egyptian: ''pr ꜥꜣ''; cop, , Pǝrro; Biblical Hebrew: ''Parʿō'') is the vernacular term often used by modern authors for the kings of ancient Egypt who ruled as monarchs from the First Dynasty (c. 3150 BC) until the an ...
. It is believed that the Egyptian
25th Dynasty
The Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XXV, alternatively 25th Dynasty or Dynasty 25), also known as the Nubian Dynasty, the Kushite Empire, the Black Pharaohs, or the Napatans, after their capital Napata, was the last dynasty of th ...
were descendants of these viceroys, and so were the dynasties that ruled independent Kush until the fourth century CE.
The 'King's Son of Kush' ruled the area north of the
Third Cataract. The area was divided into Wawat in the north, centered at
Aniba, and Kush in the south, centered at
Soleb
Soleb is an ancient town in Nubia, in present-day Sudan. The site is located north of the third
cataract of the Nile, on the western side of the Nile. It was discovered and described by
Karl Richard Lepsius in 1844.
Necropolis
Soleb is also t ...
during the
Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt and then
Amara West. The title lapsed under Paiankh.
Pinedjem II
Pinedjem II was a High Priest of Amun at Thebes in Ancient Egypt from 990 BC to 969 BC and was the ''de facto'' ruler of the south of the country. He was married to his full sister Isetemkheb D (both children of Menkheperre, the High Priest of ...
named one of his wives 'Superintendent of Southern Foreign Lands and Viceroy Kush'.
List of Viceroys
Below is a list of viceroys mainly based on a list assembled by
George Reisner
George Andrew Reisner Jr. (November 5, 1867 – June 6, 1942) was an American archaeologist of Ancient Egypt, Nubia and Palestine.
Biography
Reisner was born in Indianapolis, Indiana. His parents were George Andrew Reisner I and Mary Elizabeth ...
.
See also
*
Kingdom of Kush
The Kingdom of Kush (; Egyptian language, Egyptian: 𓎡𓄿𓈙𓈉 ''kꜣš'', Akkadian language, Assyrian: ''Kûsi'', in LXX grc, Κυς and Κυσι ; cop, ''Ecōš''; he, כּוּשׁ ''Kūš'') was an ancient kingdom in Nubia, ce ...
References
Further reading
* George A. Reisner, The Viceroys of Ethiopia, The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology, Vol. 6, No. 1 (Jan., 1920), pp. 28–55.
* George A. Reisner, The Viceroys of Ethiopia (Continued), The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology, Vol. 6, No. 2 (Apr., 1920), pp. 73–88.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Viceroy Of Kush
Viceroys of Kush
A viceroy () is an official who reigns over a polity in the name of and as the representative of the monarch of the territory. The term derives from the Latin prefix ''vice-'', meaning "in the place of" and the French word ''roy'', meaning "k ...
Ancient Egyptian titles
Kerma culture