The position of vice-president of the Republic of
Burundi
Burundi (, ), officially the Republic of Burundi ( rn, Repuburika y’Uburundi ; Swahili language, Swahili: ''Jamuhuri ya Burundi''; French language, French: ''République du Burundi'' ), is a landlocked country in the Great Rift Valley at the ...
was created in June 1998, when a transitional constitution went into effect. It replaced the post of
Prime Minister
A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister is not ...
.
History of the office
Interim period (1998–2001)
Pierre Buyoya
Pierre Buyoya (24 November 1949 – 17 December 2020) was a Burundian army officer and politician who served two terms as President of Burundi in 1987 to 1993 and 1996 to 2003. He was the second-longest serving president in Burundian history.
An ...
, a former
President
President most commonly refers to:
*President (corporate title)
*President (education), a leader of a college or university
*President (government title)
President may also refer to:
Automobiles
* Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...
(1987–1993) who seized power in a
1996 military coup, was sworn in as President of the Republic on 11 June 1998. He appointed
Frédéric Bamvuginyumvira Frédéric Bamvuginyumvira (born 24 June 1961) is the former first Vice-President of Burundi from 11 June 1998 to 1 November 2001. He is a member of the Hutu ethnic group.
Running as a candidate for the Front for Democracy in Burundi (FRODEBU) in t ...
, a
Hutu
The Hutu (), also known as the Abahutu, are a Bantu ethnic or social group which is native to the African Great Lakes region. They mainly live in Rwanda, Burundi and the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, where they form one of the prin ...
member of the
Front for Democracy in Burundi
The Front for Democracy in Burundi (french: link=no, Front pour la Démocratie au Burundi, FRODEBU) is a Hutu progressive political party in Burundi.
History
It was formed by followers of Melchior Ndadaye from the disbanded Burundi Workers' ...
(FRODEBU), as 1st vice-president.
Mathias Sinamenye, a
Tutsi
The Tutsi (), or Abatutsi (), are an ethnic group of the African Great Lakes region. They are a Bantu-speaking ethnic group and the second largest of three main ethnic groups in Rwanda and Burundi (the other two being the largest Bantu ethnic grou ...
member of Buyoya's
Union for National Progress
The Union for National Progress (french: Union pour le Progrès national, UPRONA) is a nationalist political party in Burundi. It initially emerged as a nationalist united front in opposition to Belgian colonial rule but subsequently became an i ...
(UPRONA) party, was appointed 2nd vice-president.
According to the transitional constitution, the vice-presidency consisted of two posts: The 1st vice-president (Responsible for political and administrative affairs) and the 2nd vice-president (Responsible for economic and social affairs).
Transitional period (2001–2005)
A new transitional power-sharing government took office on 1 November 2001. Interim president Pierre Buyoya became transitional president for a period of 18 months. At the end of his term in 2003, Hutu Vice-President
Domitien Ndayizeye
Domitien Ndayizeye (born 2 May 1953) is a Burundian politician who was President of Burundi from 2003 to 2005. He succeeded Pierre Buyoya, as president on 30 April 2003, after serving as Buyoya's vice president for 18 months. Ndayizeye remained in ...
took office and appointed a Tutsi (
Alphonse-Marie Kadege) as vice-president. In November 2004, Kadege was sacked as vice-president and replaced by
Frédéric Ngenzebuhoro Frédéric Ngenzebuhoro was Vice-President of Burundi from 11 November 2004 to 26 August 2005. He is an ethnic Tutsi and a member of the Union for National Progress (UPRONA) party.(12 November 2004)Burundi picks new vice-president ''BBC News'', Retr ...
. Although Ndayizeye's term was due to end in late 2004 following elections, the transitional period was extended and planned elections were delayed.
Elections
An election is a formal group decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual or multiple individuals to hold public office.
Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy has operate ...
were held in mid-2005 and the transitional period is due to end on 26 August 2005, when the newly elected president takes office.
Vice-presidency 2005–2018
Burundi's new constitution, approved in a 28 February 2005
constitutional referendum
A referendum (plural: referendums or less commonly referenda) is a direct vote by the electorate on a proposal, law, or political issue. This is in contrast to an issue being voted on by a representative. This may result in the adoption of a ...
, calls for a two-member vice-presidency (similar to that of the interim period). The 1st vice-president will be responsible for political and administrative affairs, while the 2nd vice-president will handle social and economic affairs. One vice-president will be an ethnic Hutu and the other a Tutsi. Nominees must be approved by both chambers of
parliament
In modern politics, and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government. Generally, a modern parliament has three functions: Representation (politics), representing the Election#Suffrage, electorate, making laws, and overseeing ...
in order to take office.
On 29 August 2005, President
Pierre Nkurunziza
Pierre Nkurunziza (18 December 19648 June 2020) was a Burundian politician who served as the ninth president of Burundi for almost 15 years from August 2005 until his death in June 2020.
A member of the Hutu ethnic group, Nkurunziza taught ph ...
nominated
Martin Nduwimana and
Alice Nzomukunda Alice Nzomukunda (born 12 April 1966) is a Burundian politician and former Second Vice-President of the country, from 29 August 2005 to 5 September 2006. She is an ethnic Hutu and was a member of the National Council for the Defense of Democracy-Fo ...
for the posts of 1st and 2nd vice-president. Both received approval from parliament and were immediately sworn in. Nzomukunda resigned on 5 September 2006. She was replaced by
Marina Barampama two days later.
In February 2007, Barampama was replaced by
Gabriel Ntisezerana
Gabriel Ntisezerana is a Burundian politician who was Vice-President of Burundi from February 2007 to August 2010. Subsequently, he was President of the Senate of Burundi from August 2010 to August 2015. He is also a trained economist and banker. H ...
. In November 2007, Nduwimana was replaced by
Yves Sahinguvu.
In August 2010, Sahinguvu was replaced by
Therence Sinunguruza and Ntisezerana was replaced by
Gervais Rufyikiri.
Vice-presidency since 2018
New constitutional amendments were approved in a 17 May 2018
constitutional referendum
A referendum (plural: referendums or less commonly referenda) is a direct vote by the electorate on a proposal, law, or political issue. This is in contrast to an issue being voted on by a representative. This may result in the adoption of a ...
. The post of second vice-president will be abolished. The remaining vice-president, who will have limited powers, will be selected from a political party and ethnic group that differs from those of the President.
Key
;''Political parties''
*
*
*
List of officeholders
See also
*
Burundi
Burundi (, ), officially the Republic of Burundi ( rn, Repuburika y’Uburundi ; Swahili language, Swahili: ''Jamuhuri ya Burundi''; French language, French: ''République du Burundi'' ), is a landlocked country in the Great Rift Valley at the ...
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Politics of Burundi
The Politics of Burundi takes place in a framework of a transitional presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the President of Burundi is both head of state and head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is ...
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List of kings of Burundi
This article contains two versions of the list of kings of Burundi, the traditional version before 1680 and the modern genealogy. The Kingdom of Burundi was ruled by sovereigns, titled ''mwami'' (plural ''abami''), whose regnal names followed a ...
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President of Burundi
The president of Burundi, officially the President of the Republic ( French: ''Président de la République''), is the head of state and head of government of the Republic of Burundi. The president is also commander-in-chief of the National Def ...
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List of presidents of Burundi
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Prime Minister of Burundi
This article lists the prime ministers of Burundi since the formation of the post of Prime Minister of Burundi in 1961 until the present day. The office of prime minister was most recently abolished in 1998, and reinstated in 2020 with the appo ...
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List of colonial governors of Ruanda-Urundi
This is a list of European colonial administrators responsible for the territory of Ruanda-Urundi, an area equivalent to modern-day Rwanda and Burundi. Ruanda-Urundi formed part of German East Africa until it was captured by Belgian forces dur ...
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List of colonial residents of Burundi
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Martyazo
The Republic of Martyazo (french: République de Martyazo) was a short-lived secessionist state proclaimed by Hutu rebels at Vyanda in Burundi at the province of Makamba in the early May 1972 during the genocidal violence of 1972 as a bid to c ...
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Lists of Incumbents
These are lists of incumbents (individuals holding offices or positions), including heads of states or of subnational entities.
A historical discipline, archontology, focuses on the study of past and current office holders.
Incumbents may also ...
References
External links
Constitution of Burundi (In French)
{{Deputy heads of state and government of Africa
Burundi
Burundi (, ), officially the Republic of Burundi ( rn, Repuburika y’Uburundi ; Swahili language, Swahili: ''Jamuhuri ya Burundi''; French language, French: ''République du Burundi'' ), is a landlocked country in the Great Rift Valley at the ...
Government of Burundi
Burundi, Vice-Presidents of
Vice-President
A vice president, also director in British English, is an officer in government or business who is below the president (chief executive officer) in rank. It can also refer to executive vice presidents, signifying that the vice president is on t ...
1998 establishments in Burundi
Burundi politics-related lists