The Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Ruhr (), abbreviated VRR, is a
public transport
Public transport (also known as public transportation, public transit, mass transit, or simply transit) is a system of transport for passengers by group travel systems available for use by the general public unlike private transport, typi ...
association (
Verkehrsverbund
A transit district or transit authority is a government agency or a public-benefit corporation created for the purpose of providing public transportation within a specific region.
A transit district may operate bus, rail or other types of tra ...
) in the
German
German(s) may refer to:
* Germany (of or related to)
** Germania (historical use)
* Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language
** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law
**Ge ...
state of
North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia (german: Nordrhein-Westfalen, ; li, Noordrien-Wesfale ; nds, Noordrhien-Westfalen; ksh, Noodrhing-Wäßßfaale), commonly shortened to NRW (), is a state (''Land'') in Western Germany. With more than 18 million inha ...
. It covers most of the
Ruhr area
The Ruhr ( ; german: Ruhrgebiet , also ''Ruhrpott'' ), also referred to as the Ruhr area, sometimes Ruhr district, Ruhr region, or Ruhr valley, is a polycentric urban area in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. With a population density of 2,800/km ...
, as well as neighbouring parts of the
Lower Rhine region
The Lower Rhine region or Niederrhein is a region around the Lower Rhine section of the river Rhine in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany between approximately Oberhausen and Krefeld in the East and the Dutch border around Kleve in the West. ...
, including
Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf ( , , ; often in English sources; Low Franconian and Ripuarian language, Ripuarian: ''Düsseldörp'' ; archaic nl, Dusseldorp ) is the capital city of North Rhine-Westphalia, the most populous state of Germany. It is the second- ...
and thus large parts of the
Rhine-Ruhr
The Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region (german: Metropolregion Rhein-Ruhr) is the largest metropolitan region in Germany, with over ten million inhabitants. A polycentric conurbation with several major urban concentrations, the region covers ...
conurbation. It was founded on 1 January 1980, and is Europe’s largest body of such kind, covering an area of some with more than 7.8 million inhabitants, spanning as far as
Dorsten
Dorsten (; Westphalian: ''Dössen'') is a town in the district of Recklinghausen in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany and has a population of about 75,000.
Dorsten is situated on the western rim of Westphalia bordering the Rhineland. Its histor ...
in the north,
Dortmund in the east,
Langenfeld in the south, and
Mönchengladbach
Mönchengladbach (, li, Jlabbach ) is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located west of the Rhine, halfway between Düsseldorf and the Dutch border.
Geography Municipal subdivisions
Since 2009, the territory of Mönchengladbac ...
and the
Dutch
Dutch commonly refers to:
* Something of, from, or related to the Netherlands
* Dutch people ()
* Dutch language ()
Dutch may also refer to:
Places
* Dutch, West Virginia, a community in the United States
* Pennsylvania Dutch Country
People E ...
border in the west.
Structure and responsibilities
The VRR is tasked with coordinating public transport in its area. This means the following:
* setting and developing the fare system (“VRR-Tarif”)
** redistributing ticket revenue onto the transport companies
* coordinating local train services (''Schienenpersonennahverkehr'', SPNV) within its area as
public service obligations (PSO)
* integrating the public transport system
** setting standards and guidelines for passenger information and bus/tram stop facilities
** coordination between transport companies, local authorities and
''Land'' authorities
* financing partial subsidies for bus and tram companies according to § 11 (2) and § 11a ÖPNVG NRW
* coordinating ''Land'' subsidies to transport companies and local authorities according to § 12 and § 13 ÖPNVG NRW
Governance
Officially, 24 cities and districts form the ''Zweckverband VRR'' (ZV VRR), and an additional 2 districts the ''Nahverkehrs-Zweckverband Niederrhein'' (NVN). Together, the ZV VRR and the NVN form the ''Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Ruhr
AöR'', which in addition cooperates with further transport companies.
The member cities and districts of the ''Zweckverband VRR'' (ZV VRR) are:
* cities of
Bochum,
Bottrop
Bottrop () is a city in west-central Germany, on the Rhine–Herne Canal, in North Rhine-Westphalia. Located in the Ruhr industrial area, Bottrop adjoins Essen, Oberhausen, Gladbeck, and Dorsten. The city had been a coal-mining and rail cent ...
,
Dortmund,
Duisburg
Duisburg () is a city in the Ruhr metropolitan area of the western German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. Lying on the confluence of the Rhine and the Ruhr rivers in the center of the Rhine-Ruhr Region, Duisburg is the 5th largest city in No ...
,
Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf ( , , ; often in English sources; Low Franconian and Ripuarian language, Ripuarian: ''Düsseldörp'' ; archaic nl, Dusseldorp ) is the capital city of North Rhine-Westphalia, the most populous state of Germany. It is the second- ...
,
Essen,
Gelsenkirchen,
Hagen,
Herne,
Krefeld
Krefeld ( , ; li, Krieëvel ), also spelled Crefeld until 1925 (though the spelling was still being used in British papers throughout the Second World War), is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located northwest of Düsseldorf, i ...
,
Mönchengladbach
Mönchengladbach (, li, Jlabbach ) is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located west of the Rhine, halfway between Düsseldorf and the Dutch border.
Geography Municipal subdivisions
Since 2009, the territory of Mönchengladbac ...
,
Monheim,
Mülheim
Mülheim, officially Mülheim an der Ruhr () and also described as ''"City on the River"'', is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany. It is located in the Ruhr Area between Duisburg, Essen, Oberhausen and Ratingen. It is home to many compa ...
,
Neuss
Neuss (; spelled ''Neuß'' until 1968; li, Nüss ; la, Novaesium) is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located on the west bank of the Rhine opposite Düsseldorf. Neuss is the largest city within the Rhein-Kreis Neuss district. It ...
,
Oberhausen,
Remscheid
Remscheid () is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is, after Wuppertal and Solingen, the third-largest municipality in Bergisches Land, being located on the northern edge of the region, on the south side of the Ruhr area.
Remscheid h ...
,
Solingen
Solingen (; li, Solich) is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located some 25 km east of Düsseldorf along the northern edge of the region called Bergisches Land, south of the Ruhr area, and, with a 2009 population of 161,366 ...
,
Viersen
Viersen (; li, Veeëse) is the capital of the district of Viersen, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
Geography
Viersen is situated approximately 8 km north-west of Mönchengladbach, 15 km south-west of Krefeld and 20 km east o ...
, and
Wuppertal
Wuppertal (; "''Wupper Dale''") is, with a population of approximately 355,000, the seventh-largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia as well as the 17th-largest city of Germany. It was founded in 1929 by the merger of the cities and tow ...
* districts of
Ennepe-Ruhr
The Ennepe-Ruhr-Kreis is a district in the center of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is part of the southern Ruhr urban area and has ca. 324,000 inhabitants (2012). The district's seat (capital city) is Schwelm; the largest of its nine towns ...
,
Mettmann
Mettmann () is a town in the northern part of the Bergisches Land, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is the administrative centre of the district of Mettmann, Germany's most densely populated rural district. The town lies east of Düsseldorf ...
,
Recklinghausen,
Rhein-Kreis Neuss
Neuss is a Kreis (district) in the west of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Nearby are the urban districts Mönchengladbach, Krefeld, Duisburg, Düsseldorf, Cologne, the districts Rhein-Erft-Kreis, Düren, Heinsberg and the district Viersen ...
and
Viersen
Viersen (; li, Veeëse) is the capital of the district of Viersen, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
Geography
Viersen is situated approximately 8 km north-west of Mönchengladbach, 15 km south-west of Krefeld and 20 km east o ...
The members of the ''Nahverkehrs-Zweckverband Niederrhein'' (NVN) are the districts of
Kleve
Kleve (; traditional en, Cleves ; nl, Kleef; french: Clèves; es, Cléveris; la, Clivia; Low Rhenish: ''Kleff'') is a town in the Lower Rhine region of northwestern Germany near the Dutch border and the River Rhine. From the 11th century ...
and
Wesel
Wesel () is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is the capital of the Wesel district.
Geography
Wesel is situated at the confluence of the Lippe River and the Rhine.
Division of the city
Suburbs of Wesel include Lackhausen, Obrighove ...
.
The municipal and district councils send representatives to the two ''Zweckverband'' councils (Verbandsversammlung), which in turn elect the main decision making body, the administrative council (Verwaltungsrat) of the VRR AöR, and other committees. The ''Verwaltungsrat'' elects the administrative board of the VRR AöR (Vorstand), currently Ronald R.F. Lünser and José Luis Castrillo.
In addition, there are departments within the VRR dealing with different matters, such as marketing or law. Two ''Land'' institutions are located within the VRR structure: ''Kompetenzcenter Digitalisierung NRW'' (KCD) and ''Kompetenzcenter Sicherheit'' (KCS).
Through the ''ZV VRR Eigenbetrieb Fahrzeuge und Infrastruktur'' (ZV VRR FaIn-EB), the VRR also buys and/or owns the
rolling stock
The term rolling stock in the rail transport industry refers to railway vehicles, including both powered and unpowered vehicles: for example, locomotives, freight and passenger cars (or coaches), and non-revenue cars. Passenger vehicles can ...
for some, but not all, of its PSO rail operations.
Transport companies
These above mentioned cities’ and districts’ and other associated transport companies thus operate under the VRR fare scheme:
*
Bahnen der Stadt Monheim (BSM)
*
Bochum-Gelsenkirchener Straßenbahnen (Bogestra)
*
Busverkehr Rheinland (BVR), operating as “
DB Rheinlandbus”
*
Dortmunder Stadtwerke (DSW21)
*
Duisburger Verkehrsgesellschaft (DVG)
*
Flughafen Düsseldorf
*
Hagener Straßenbahn (HST)
* Kraftverkehr Schwalmtal (KVS)
*
Kreisverkehrsgesellschaft Mettmann (KVGM)
* LOOK Busreisen
*
Niederrheinische Verkehrsbetriebe (NIAG)
*
NEW mobil und aktiv Mönchengladbach (NEW Möbus)
*
NEW mobil und aktiv Viersen (NEW Viersen)
*
Rheinbahn
Rheinbahn is a public transport operator operating in Düsseldorf, Meerbusch and Kreis Mettmann. Its network consists of the Düsseldorf Stadtbahn, a network of 11 Stadtbahn (light rail) lines which are integrated in the Rhine-Ruhr Stadtbahn n ...
*
Ruhrbahn
* StadtBus Dormagen
* Stadtwerke Goch
* Stadtwerke Kevelaer
*
Stadtwerke Krefeld (SWK)
*
Stadtwerke Neuss (SWN)
*
Stadtwerke Oberhausen (STOAG)
*
Stadtwerke Remscheid (SR)
*
Stadtwerke Solingen (SWS)
*
Straßenbahn Herne – Castrop-Rauxel (HCR)
* Verkehrsgesellschaft der Stadt Velbert (VGV)
*
Verkehrsgesellschaft Ennepe-Ruhr (VER)
* Verkehrsgesellschaft Hilden
*
Vestische Straßenbahnen
*
Wuppertaler Stadtwerke (WSW)
The following rail companies operate S-Bahn or regional train services in the VRR area and accept VRR tickets:
*
Abellio Rail NRW
Abellio Deutschland is a public transit operator in Germany operating bus and rail networks. Headquartered in Berlin, it is a subsidiary of the Dutch state-owned Abellio.
History
Abellio Deutschland was formed by the Essen public transit c ...
*
DB Regio
*
Keolis Deutschland, operating as “eurobahn”
*
National Express Rail
*
NordWestBahn
The NordWestBahn GmbH is a private railway company providing regional train services on several routes in northern and western Germany. It is a joint venture of Stadtwerke Osnabrück AG, Verkehr und Wasser GmbH in Oldenburg and Transdev Ge ...
*
Regiobahn
* Train Rental
*
VIAS Rail
Line numbering scheme
With the introduction of the VRR in 1980 a new line numbering system for all bus, tram and ''Stadtbahn'' lines in the VRR area was introduced. The VRR was divided into ten regions, which were assigned a prefix digit (e.g. 4 for Dortmund), the first digit in the three-digit line number representing that prefix. The last two digits are the individual line number. These are the existing prefixes:
* 1:
Essen and
Mülheim
Mülheim, officially Mülheim an der Ruhr () and also described as ''"City on the River"'', is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany. It is located in the Ruhr Area between Duisburg, Essen, Oberhausen and Ratingen. It is home to many compa ...
* 2:
Kreis Recklinghausen,
Bottrop
Bottrop () is a city in west-central Germany, on the Rhine–Herne Canal, in North Rhine-Westphalia. Located in the Ruhr industrial area, Bottrop adjoins Essen, Oberhausen, Gladbeck, and Dorsten. The city had been a coal-mining and rail cent ...
and northern
Gelsenkirchen
* 3:
Bochum, southern
Gelsenkirchen, parts of the
Ennepe-Ruhr-Kreis
The Ennepe-Ruhr-Kreis is a district in the center of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is part of the southern Ruhr urban area and has ca. 324,000 inhabitants (2012). The district's seat (capital city) is Schwelm; the largest of its nine town ...
and
Herne
* 4:
Dortmund
* 5:
Hagen and main part of the
Ennepe-Ruhr-Kreis
The Ennepe-Ruhr-Kreis is a district in the center of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is part of the southern Ruhr urban area and has ca. 324,000 inhabitants (2012). The district's seat (capital city) is Schwelm; the largest of its nine town ...
* 6:
Wuppertal
Wuppertal (; "''Wupper Dale''") is, with a population of approximately 355,000, the seventh-largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia as well as the 17th-largest city of Germany. It was founded in 1929 by the merger of the cities and tow ...
,
Solingen
Solingen (; li, Solich) is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located some 25 km east of Düsseldorf along the northern edge of the region called Bergisches Land, south of the Ruhr area, and, with a 2009 population of 161,366 ...
and
Remscheid
Remscheid () is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is, after Wuppertal and Solingen, the third-largest municipality in Bergisches Land, being located on the northern edge of the region, on the south side of the Ruhr area.
Remscheid h ...
* 7:
Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf ( , , ; often in English sources; Low Franconian and Ripuarian language, Ripuarian: ''Düsseldörp'' ; archaic nl, Dusseldorp ) is the capital city of North Rhine-Westphalia, the most populous state of Germany. It is the second- ...
and
Kreis Mettmann
Mettmann () is a Kreis (district) in the middle of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Neighboring are the Ennepe-Ruhr, Rhein-Kreis Neuss, Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis and the
district-free cities Cologne, Leverkusen, Wuppertal, Solingen, Düsseldorf,
...
* 8:
Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf ( , , ; often in English sources; Low Franconian and Ripuarian language, Ripuarian: ''Düsseldörp'' ; archaic nl, Dusseldorp ) is the capital city of North Rhine-Westphalia, the most populous state of Germany. It is the second- ...
and
Rhein-Kreis Neuss
Neuss is a Kreis (district) in the west of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Nearby are the urban districts Mönchengladbach, Krefeld, Duisburg, Düsseldorf, Cologne, the districts Rhein-Erft-Kreis, Düren, Heinsberg and the district Viersen ...
* 9:
Duisburg
Duisburg () is a city in the Ruhr metropolitan area of the western German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. Lying on the confluence of the Rhine and the Ruhr rivers in the center of the Rhine-Ruhr Region, Duisburg is the 5th largest city in No ...
and
Oberhausen
* 0:
Mönchengladbach
Mönchengladbach (, li, Jlabbach ) is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located west of the Rhine, halfway between Düsseldorf and the Dutch border.
Geography Municipal subdivisions
Since 2009, the territory of Mönchengladbac ...
,
Krefeld
Krefeld ( , ; li, Krieëvel ), also spelled Crefeld until 1925 (though the spelling was still being used in British papers throughout the Second World War), is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located northwest of Düsseldorf, i ...
and
Kreis Viersen
Viersen () is a Kreis (district) in the west of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Neighboring districts are Cleves, Wesel, district-free Krefeld, Neuss, district-free Mönchengladbach, Heinsberg and the Dutch province of Limburg.
History
In 181 ...
* no prefix:
Kreis Kleve and
Kreis Wesel
Stadtbahn lines are identified with the prefix "U" followed by the prefix and a one-digit identifiers. The prefixes 2, 5, 9 and 0 are not used for Stadtbahn lines. The
Wuppertal Schwebebahn
The Wuppertaler Schwebebahn ("Wuppertal Suspension Railway") is a suspension railway in Wuppertal, Germany.
Its original name was ("Eugen Langen Monorail Overhead Conveyor System"). It is the oldest electric elevated railway with hanging cars ...
is officially line 60, but because it does not run underground, the U prefix is not used.
After the integration of the former
Verkehrsgemeinschaft Niederrhein (VGN) area north of Duisburg, route numbers were unchanged, i.e. representing no prefix.
* Express buses are called ''Schnellbus'' and have the prefix SB followed by a two-digit-number. None of these numbers is a key number.
* Semi-fast buses are called ''City-Express'' and have the prefix CE followed by a two-digit-number. As with the ''Schnellbusse'' none of these numbers is a key number.
* Taxi buses are ''AST'' – ''AnrufSammelTaxi'' or ''ALT'' – ''AnrufLinienTaxi'' or ''Taxibus''
* In some cities the local buses have an own numbering system, e.g. the buses in
Velbert
Velbert ( Low Rhenish: ''Vèlbed'') is a town in the district of Mettmann, in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. The town is renowned worldwide for the production of locks and fittings.
Geography
Velbert is located on the hills of 'Niede ...
are called ''Ortsbus'', their line number consists of an ''OV'' followed by a one- or two-digit number.
* In some cities the night buses are called ''NachtExpress'' – ''NE''
![StadtbahnRR](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/StadtbahnRR.png)
, the VRR network consists of 1098 lines,
of which there are:
* in regional rail
** 12
S-Bahn
The S-Bahn is the name of hybrid urban-suburban rail systems serving a metropolitan region in German-speaking countries. Some of the larger S-Bahn systems provide service similar to rapid transit systems, while smaller ones often resemble c ...
lines (''see:''
Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn
The Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn (german: S-Bahn Rhein-Ruhr) is a polycentric and electrically driven S-train network covering the Rhine-Ruhr Metropolitan Region in the German federated state of North Rhine-Westphalia. This includes most of the Ruhr (and ...
)
** 20
Regional-Express
In Germany, Luxembourg and Austria, the Regional-Express (RE, or in Austria: REX) is a type of regional train. It is similar to a semi-fast train, with average speed at about 70–90 km/h (top speed often 160 km/h) as it calls at ...
lines (''see:''
List of regional railway lines in North Rhine-Westphalia
The List of regional rail lines in North Rhine-Westphalia provides a list of all Regional-Express and Regionalbahn railway lines in North Rhine-Westphalia. The passenger rail service in North Rhine-Westphalia is one of the densest train services ...
)
** 19
Regionalbahn lines (''see:''
List of regional railway lines in North Rhine-Westphalia
The List of regional rail lines in North Rhine-Westphalia provides a list of all Regional-Express and Regionalbahn railway lines in North Rhine-Westphalia. The passenger rail service in North Rhine-Westphalia is one of the densest train services ...
)
*in urban rail
** 15
Stadtbahn
' (; German for "city railway"; plural ') is a German word referring to various types of urban rail transport. One type of transport originated in the 19th century, firstly in Berlin and followed by Vienna, where rail routes were created that co ...
light rail lines (''see:''
Rhine-Ruhr Stadtbahn)
** 45
tram
A tram (called a streetcar or trolley in North America) is a rail vehicle that travels on tramway tracks on public urban streets; some include segments on segregated right-of-way. The tramlines or networks operated as public transport are ...
lines
** 1
Schwebebahn line (in
Wuppertal
Wuppertal (; "''Wupper Dale''") is, with a population of approximately 355,000, the seventh-largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia as well as the 17th-largest city of Germany. It was founded in 1929 by the merger of the cities and tow ...
)
** 2
H-Bahn
The H-Bahn (abbreviation for , German for 'hanging railway') in Dortmund and Düsseldorf (there known as "Sky train") is a driverless passenger suspension railway system. The system was developed by Siemens, who call the project SIPEM (SIemen ...
peoplemover systems made up of three lines (two
H-Bahn
The H-Bahn (abbreviation for , German for 'hanging railway') in Dortmund and Düsseldorf (there known as "Sky train") is a driverless passenger suspension railway system. The system was developed by Siemens, who call the project SIPEM (SIemen ...
lines in
Dortmund, and the
Düsseldorf SkyTrain
The H-Bahn (abbreviation for , German for 'hanging railway') in Dortmund and Düsseldorf (there known as "Sky train") is a driverless passenger suspension railway system. The system was developed by Siemens, who call the project SIPEM (SIemens ...
at
Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf ( , , ; often in English sources; Low Franconian and Ripuarian language, Ripuarian: ''Düsseldörp'' ; archaic nl, Dusseldorp ) is the capital city of North Rhine-Westphalia, the most populous state of Germany. It is the second- ...
airport)
* in buses
** 1030
bus
A bus (contracted from omnibus, with variants multibus, motorbus, autobus, etc.) is a road vehicle that carries significantly more passengers than an average car or van. It is most commonly used in public transport, but is also in use for cha ...
lines
** 6
trolleybus
A trolleybus (also known as trolley bus, trolley coach, trackless trolley, trackless tramin the 1910s and 1920sJoyce, J.; King, J. S.; and Newman, A. G. (1986). ''British Trolleybus Systems'', pp. 9, 12. London: Ian Allan Publishing. .or trol ...
lines (in
Solingen
Solingen (; li, Solich) is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located some 25 km east of Düsseldorf along the northern edge of the region called Bergisches Land, south of the Ruhr area, and, with a 2009 population of 161,366 ...
)
*290,988 train and bus km per year
* 15,300 km of route network
(bus, light rail, and train)
* 11,500 stops
History
![Fahrgastzahlen VRR](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Fahrgastzahlen_VRR.svg)
In 2004, roughly 1 billion trips were made by way of the VRR network.
See also
*
Rhine-Ruhr Stadtbahn
*
Bochum Stadtbahn (BOGESTRA)
*
Dortmund Stadtbahn
*
Düsseldorf Stadtbahn
__NOTOC__
The Düsseldorf Stadtbahn, together with the Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn and the Düsseldorf Straßenbahn (Tram), is the backbone of the public transport system of Düsseldorf, Germany, and is integrated in the Rhine-Ruhr Stadtbahn network. T ...
(''see also:''
Rheinbahn
Rheinbahn is a public transport operator operating in Düsseldorf, Meerbusch and Kreis Mettmann. Its network consists of the Düsseldorf Stadtbahn, a network of 11 Stadtbahn (light rail) lines which are integrated in the Rhine-Ruhr Stadtbahn n ...
)
*
Essen: Public Transport (incl. Essen Stadtbahn)
References
External links
Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Ruhr (VRR) – official site
Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Ruhr (VRR) – official site
{{Authority control
Transport associations in Germany
Transport in North Rhine-Westphalia
Ruhr
Companies based in North Rhine-Westphalia
Companies based in Gelsenkirchen
Transport in Gelsenkirchen
1980 establishments in West Germany
Companies established in 1980