''Vertigo modesta'',

common name In biology, a common name of a taxon or organism (also known as a vernacular name, English name, colloquial name, country name, popular name, or farmer's name) is a name that is based on the normal language of everyday life; and is often contrast ...

the cross vertigo, is a species of minute air-breathing

land snail A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. ''Land snail'' is the common name for terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have shells (those without shells are known as ...

, a terrestrial

pulmonate Pulmonata or pulmonates, is an informal group (previously an order, and before that a subclass) of snails and slugs characterized by the ability to breathe air, by virtue of having a pallial lung instead of a gill, or gills. The group includ ...

gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...

mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...

micromollusk A micromollusk is a shelled mollusk which is extremely small, even at full adult size. The word is usually, but not exclusively, applied to marine mollusks, although in addition, numerous species of land snails and freshwater mollusks also ...

in the family Vertiginidae, the whorl snails.WMolluscaBase eds. (2023). MolluscaBase. Vertigo modesta (Say, 1824). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1050669 on 2023-02-10 ;Subspecies: * ''Vertigo modesta castanea'' Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1900 * ''Vertigo modesta concinnula'' Cockerell, 1897 * ''Vertigo modesta modesta'' (Say, 1824)

Description

(Described as ''Isthmia corpulenta'') The shell is rimate perforate, elongate ovate, finely striated, polished, translucent, dark olive brown. The apex is round and obtuse. The shell contains four

whorl A whorl ( or ) is an individual circle, oval, volution or equivalent in a whorled pattern, which consists of a spiral or multiple concentric objects (including circles, ovals and arcs). Whorls in nature File:Photograph and axial plane floral ...

s, convex, tumid, wider at the base. The

aperture In optics, an aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels. More specifically, the aperture and focal length of an optical system determine the cone angle of a bundle of rays that come to a focus in the image plane. An opt ...

is large, subcircular, with four obtuse teeth, one on the parietal margin, one on the columellar margin, and two on the outer lip. The peristome is slightly thickened and reflected.

Distribution

This species is known to occur in a number of countries and islands including: Vertigo-modesta-map-eur-nm-moll

Texas Texas (, ; Spanish language, Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. At 268,596 square miles (695,662 km2), and with more than 29.1 million residents in 2 ...

,Kathryn E. Perez. (last edited September 12, 2006
''Land Snail List for Texas''
. accessed 25 June 2009. USA. *

Utah Utah ( , ) is a state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. Utah is a landlocked U.S. state bordered to its east by Colorado, to its northeast by Wyoming, to its north by Idaho, to its south by Arizona, and to it ...

, USA *

Great Britain Great Britain is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe. With an area of , it is the largest of the British Isles, the largest European island and the ninth-largest island in the world. It is ...

* and other areas

References

* Gould, A. A. (1847). escriptionof a new species of Physa, together with two other new species of North American shells. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History. 2: 262–263. * Ancey, C. F. (1887). Description of North American shells. The Conchologists' Exchange. 2(6): 79–80. * Bank, R. A.; Neubert, E. (2017). Checklist of the land and freshwater Gastropoda of Europe. Last update: July 16, 2017. * Sysoev, A. V. & Schileyko, A. A. (2009). Land snails and slugs of Russia and adjacent countries. Sofia/Moskva (Pensoft). 312 pp., 142 plates.

External links

* Some info at:

Say, T. (1824). Class Mollusca. In: Narrative of an expedition to the source of St. Peter's River, Lake Winnepeek, Lake of the Woods, &c. &c. performed in the year 1823, by order of The Hon. J.C. Calhoun, Secretary of War, under the command of Stephen H. Long, Major U. S. T. E. compiled from the notes of Major Long, Messrs Say, Keating, and Calhoun, by William H. Keating, A. M. &c. H.C. Carey & I. Lea, Philadelphia. 2: 256-266, plates 14-15

Sterki, V. (1892). Preliminary list of North American Pupidae (north of Mexico). The Nautilus. 6(1): 2-8.

Pilsbry, H. A.; Cooke, C. M. (1918-1920). Manual of conchology, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species. Ser. 2, Pulmonata. Vol. 25: Pupillidae (Gastrocoptinae, Vertigininae). pp i-ix, 1-404, pls 1-34. Philadelphia, published by the Conchological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences.

Berry, S. S. (1919). Three new alpine vertigos from California. The Nautilus. 33(2): 48-52

Möller, H. P. C. (1842). Index Molluscorum Groenlandiae. Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift. 4: 76-97 (Copenhagen).

Morelet, A. (1858). Coquilles terrestres du Kamtchatka. Journal de conchyliologie. 7 (1): 7-22

Schileyko, A. A. & Rymzhanov, T. S. (2013). Fauna of land mollusks (Gastropoda, Pulmonata Terrestria) of Kazakhstan and adjacent territories. Moscow-Almaty: KMK Scientific Press. 389 pp
{{Taxonbar, from=Q3076721 Vertigo (gastropod), modesta Gastropods described in 1824