''Vertigo arthuri'' is a species of

land snail A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. ''Land snail'' is the common name for terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have shells (those without shells are known as ...

in the family

Vertiginidae Vertiginidae, common name the whorl snails, is a family of minute, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs or micromollusks in the superfamily Pupilloidea. Distribution The distribution of the Vertiginidae is in the ...

, the whorl snails. It is known by the common names callused Vertigo,MolluscaBase eds. (2023). MolluscaBase. Vertigo arthuri E. von Martens, 1882. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1328484 on 2023-02-06 or Midwest Pleistocene Vertigo.''Midwest Pleistocene Vertigo (Vertigo hubrichti)''
. Last revised 4 January 2007 , accessed 3 July 2009. It is native to North America. *

Michigan Michigan () is a state in the Great Lakes region of the upper Midwestern United States. With a population of nearly 10.12 million and an area of nearly , Michigan is the 10th-largest state by population, the 11th-largest by area, and the ...

Michigan Natural Features Inventory. 2007
''Vertigo hubrichti''
Rare Species Explorer (Web Application), accessed 3 July 2009. *

Wisconsin Wisconsin () is a state in the upper Midwestern United States. Wisconsin is the 25th-largest state by total area and the 20th-most populous. It is bordered by Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake M ...

A 2009

phylogenetic analysis In biology, phylogenetics (; from Greek φυλή/ φῦλον [] "tribe, clan, race", and wikt:γενετικός, γενετικός [] "origin, source, birth") is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups o ...

of genus ''Vertigo'' revealed that many of its species should be included in the circumscription of ''V. arthuri''.Nekola, J. C., et al. (2009)
Evolutionary pattern and process within the ''Vertigo gouldii'' (Mollusca: Pulmonata: Pupillidae) group of minute North American land snails.
''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'' 53 1010-24. This greatly expanded the range of ''V. arthuri'', which is now considered to have a

disjunct distribution In biology, a taxon with a disjunct distribution is one that has two or more groups that are related but considerably separated from each other geographically. The causes are varied and might demonstrate either the expansion or contraction of a s ...

spanning from

Alaska Alaska ( ; russian: Аляска, Alyaska; ale, Alax̂sxax̂; ; ems, Alas'kaaq; Yup'ik: ''Alaskaq''; tli, Anáaski) is a state located in the Western United States on the northwest extremity of North America. A semi-exclave of the U.S., ...

Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador (; french: Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador; frequently abbreviated as NL) is the easternmost province of Canada, in the country's Atlantic region. The province comprises the island of Newfoundland and the continental region ...

New Mexico ) , population_demonym = New Mexican ( es, Neomexicano, Neomejicano, Nuevo Mexicano) , seat = Santa Fe , LargestCity = Albuquerque , LargestMetro = Tiguex , OfficialLang = None , Languages = English, Spanish ( New Mexican), Navajo, Ker ...

. ''V. arthuri'' now includes many snails that were formerly considered to be rare local

endemics Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found else ...

of the American Midwest. It now has one of the largest ranges of any land snail in the Western Hemisphere. In many areas, this snail lives in various types of forest habitat. It consumes leaf litter and organic layers on rock surfaces.

Description

(Described as ''Vertigo gouldii hubrichti'') The shell is subcylindric, larger than ''

Vertigo nylanderi Vertigo is a condition where a person has the sensation of movement or of surrounding objects moving when they are not. Often it feels like a spinning or swaying movement. This may be associated with nausea, vomiting, sweating, or difficulties w ...

'' Sterki, 1909 with a similar long and deep impression over the palatal folds. The lower-palatal is deeply immersed. There is no angular lamella. The basal fold is well developed. The intermediate whorls are strongly, sharply striate

References

External links

Martens, E. von. (1882). Vorlage einiger Conchylien, welche Dr. Aurel und Arthur Krause während ihrer Rückreise von des stillen Oceans durch Amerika gesammelt haben. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin. 1882(9): 138-143

Nylander, O. O. (1900). A list of shells from northeastern Maine. The Nautilus. 13(9): 102-106

Leonard, A.B. (1972). New gastropods from the Pleistocene of Illinois. The Nautilus. 85(3): 78-84.

Pilsbry, H. A. & Vanatta, E. G. (1900). A partial revision of the Pupae of the United States. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 52: 582-611
Molluscs of Canada Molluscs of the United States arthuri Gastropods described in 1882 {{Vertiginidae-stub