''Vertigo'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of minute, air-breathing

land snail A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. ''Land snail'' is the common name for terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have shells (those without shells are known as ...

s, terrestrial

pulmonate Pulmonata or pulmonates, is an informal group (previously an order, and before that a subclass) of snails and slugs characterized by the ability to breathe air, by virtue of having a pallial lung instead of a gill, or gills. The group includ ...

gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...

mollusc Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is esti ...

s or

micromollusk A micromollusk is a shelled mollusk which is extremely small, even at full adult size. The word is usually, but not exclusively, applied to marine mollusks, although in addition, numerous species of land snails and freshwater mollusks also ...

s in the family Vertiginidae, the whorl snails. MolluscaBase eds. (2023). MolluscaBase. Vertigo O. F. Müller, 1773. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=426423 on 2023-02-07

Description

Snails in the genus ''Vertigo'' have no oral

tentacle In zoology, a tentacle is a flexible, mobile, and elongated organ present in some species of animals, most of them invertebrates. In animal anatomy, tentacles usually occur in one or more pairs. Anatomically, the tentacles of animals work main ...

s, thus they have only one pair of tentacles. The jaw is arched; the ends squarely truncated; the anterior surface striate; the cutting edge with a median projection. The

radula The radula (, ; plural radulae or radulas) is an anatomical structure used by molluscs for feeding, sometimes compared to a tongue. It is a minutely toothed, chitinous ribbon, which is typically used for scraping or cutting food before the food ...

has a central tooth that is almost square, tricuspid, as large as or larger than the lateral teeth, which are similar, narrower, and bi- or tricuspid. The marginal teeth are low, wide and serrated.

Shell

The shell is deeply rimate and ovate. The apex is acuminate and obtuse. The shell has 5–6

whorls A whorl ( or ) is an individual circle, oval, volution or equivalent in a whorled pattern, which consists of a spiral or multiple concentric objects (including circles, ovals and arcs). Whorls in nature File:Photograph and axial plane floral d ...

. The last whorl is rounded. The

aperture In optics, an aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels. More specifically, the aperture and focal length of an optical system determine the cone angle of a bundle of rays that come to a focus in the image plane. An opt ...

is semioval with 4 to 7 folds. The peristome is scarcely expanded and white-lipped.

Distribution

The distribution of the genus ''Vertigo'' includes Europe, northern Asia, eastern Asia, Japan, Central and North America, Caribbean and the Bermudas.

Species

Species in the genus ''Vertigo'' include: * '' Vertigo alabamensis'' G. Clapp, 1915 – Alabama Vertigo * ''

Vertigo alpestris ''Vertigo alpestris'' is a species of minute, air-breathing land snail, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs or micromollusks in the family Vertiginidae, the whorl snails. MolluscaBase eds. (2023). MolluscaBase. Vertigo alpestris Alder, 1838. ...

'' Alder, 1838 – tundra vertigo * † '' Vertigo angulifera'' O. Boettger, 1884 * ''

Vertigo angustior ''Vertigo angustior'', the narrow-mouthed whorl snail, is a species of minute land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Vertiginidae, the whorl snails. MolluscaBase eds. (2023). MolluscaBase. Verti ...

'' Jeffreys, 1830 – Narrow-mouthed Whorl Snail * ''

Vertigo antipygmaea Vertigo is a condition where a person has the sensation of movement or of surrounding objects moving when they are not. Often it feels like a spinning or swaying movement. This may be associated with nausea, vomiting, sweating, or difficulties w ...

'' Harzhauser & Neubauer, 2018 * ''

Vertigo antivertigo ''Vertigo antivertigo'' is a species of minute air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc or micromollusc in the family Vertiginidae, the whorl snails. MolluscaBase eds. (2023). MolluscaBase. Vertigo antivertigo (Draparna ...

'' (Draparnaud, 1801) * ''

Vertigo arctica ''Vertigo arctica'' is a species of minute air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Vertiginidae, the whorl snails. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Vertigo arctica (Wallenberg, 1858). Accessed thro ...

'' (Wallenberg, 1858) * † ''

Vertigo arenula Vertigo is a condition where a person has the sensation of movement or of surrounding objects moving when they are not. Often it feels like a spinning or swaying movement. This may be associated with nausea, vomiting, sweating, or difficulties w ...

'' (C. A. White, 1876) * ''

Vertigo arizonensis Vertigo is a condition where a person has the sensation of movement or of surrounding objects moving when they are not. Often it feels like a spinning or swaying movement. This may be associated with nausea, vomiting, sweating, or difficulties w ...

'' Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1900 * ''

Vertigo arthuri ''Vertigo arthuri'' is a species of land snail in the family Vertiginidae, the whorl snails. It is known by the common names callused Vertigo,MolluscaBase eds. (2023). MolluscaBase. Vertigo arthuri E. von Martens, 1882. Accessed through: World R ...

'' Von Martens, 1882 * †''

Vertigo atavuncula Vertigo is a condition where a person has the sensation of movement or of surrounding objects moving when they are not. Often it feels like a spinning or swaying movement. This may be associated with nausea, vomiting, sweating, or difficulties w ...

'' (C. A. White, 1883) * † ''

Vertigo bakonyensis Vertigo is a condition where a person has the sensation of movement or of surrounding objects moving when they are not. Often it feels like a spinning or swaying movement. This may be associated with nausea, vomiting, sweating, or difficulties w ...

'' Kókay, 2006 * ''

Vertigo bandulana Vertigo is a condition where a person has the sensation of movement or of surrounding objects moving when they are not. Often it feels like a spinning or swaying movement. This may be associated with nausea, vomiting, sweating, or difficulties w ...

'' (Connolly, 1922) * † '' Vertigo bella'' Y.-T. Li, 1986 * '' Vertigo beringia'' Nekola, Chiba, Coles, Drost, Proschwitz & Horsák, 2018 * '' Vertigo bermudensis'' Pilsbry, 1919 * '' Vertigo berryi'' Pilsbry, 1919 * † '' Vertigo bicolumellata'' Steklov in Steklov & Tsytovich, 1967 * † '' Vertigo bifida'' (Deshayes, 1863) * '' Vertigo binneyana'' Sterki, 1890 * ''

Vertigo bisulcata Vertigo is a condition where a person has the sensation of movement or of surrounding objects moving when they are not. Often it feels like a spinning or swaying movement. This may be associated with nausea, vomiting, sweating, or difficulties w ...

'' (Jickeli, 1873) * '' Vertigo bollesiana'' (Morse, 1865) – Delicate vertigo snail * † '' Vertigo brusinai'' De Stefani, 1880 * ''

Vertigo calamitosa Vertigo is a condition where a person has the sensation of movement or of surrounding objects moving when they are not. Often it feels like a spinning or swaying movement. This may be associated with nausea, vomiting, sweating, or difficulties w ...

'' (Pilsbry, 1889) * '' Vertigo californica'' (Rowell, 1862) * † '' Vertigo callosa'' Reuss in Reuss & Meyer, 1849 * '' Vertigo catalinaria'' (Sterki, 1890) * '' Vertigo chiricahuensis'' Nekola, Chiba, Coles, Drost, Proschwitz & Horsák, 2018 * '' Vertigo chytryi'' Nekola, Chiba, Coles, Drost, Proschwitz & Horsák, 2018 * † '' Vertigo cianfanellianus'' (Manganelli, Benocci, Esu & Fo. Giusti, 2008) * '' Vertigo circumlabiata'' Schileyko, 1984 * '' Vertigo clappi'' Brooks & G. R. Hunt, 1936 * ''

Vertigo clementina The insular birddrop or San Clemente Island blunt-top snail, scientific name ''Vertigo clementina'', is a species of small, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial gastropod mollusk in the family Vertiginidae.''Sterkia clementina''. NatureServe ...

'' (Sterki, 1890) * '' Vertigo coloradensis'' (Cockerell, 1891) * '' Vertigo columbiana'' Sterki, 1892 * '' Vertigo congoensis'' (Dartevelle, 1952) * † '' Vertigo consteniusi'' Pierce in Pierce & Constenius, 2001 * '' Vertigo conecuhensis'' G. Clapp, 1915: synonym of '' Vertigo alabamensis'' G. H. Clapp, 1915 * '' Vertigo cristata'' (Sterki, 1919) * '' Vertigo cupressicola'' Sterki, 1919 * '' Vertigo dalliana'' (Sterki, 1890) * ''

Vertigo dedecora ''Vertigo dedecora'' is a species of very small air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Vertiginidae.Nekola J. C., Chiba S., Coles B.F., Drost C.A., Proschwitz T.V., Horsák M. 2018. ...

'' (Pilsbry, 1902) * † '' Vertigo defranceii'' (Brongniart, 1810) * '' Vertigo diegoensis'' (Sterki, 1890) * † '' Vertigo diversidens'' (Sandberger, 1872) * † '' Vertigo doliara'' Pierce in Pierce & Constenius, 2001 * † '' Vertigo douvillei'' de Morgan, 1920 * † '' Vertigo elsheimensis'' O. Boettger, 1889 * '' Vertigo eogea'' Pilsbry, 1919 ** '' Vertigo eogea stagnalis'' Kuroda, 1941 * '' Vertigo extima'' (Westerlund, 1877) * ''

Vertigo farquhari Vertigo is a condition where a person has the sensation of movement or of surrounding objects moving when they are not. Often it feels like a spinning or swaying movement. This may be associated with nausea, vomiting, sweating, or difficulties w ...

'' (Pilsbry, 1917) * ''

Vertigo genesii ''Vertigo genesii'', common name the round-mouthed whorl snail, is a species of minute air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc or micromollusc in the family Vertiginidae, the whorl snails. MolluscaBase eds. (2023). Mol ...

'' (Gredler, 1856) – Round-mouthed Whorl Snail * '' Vertigo genesioides'' Nekola, Chiba, Coles, Drost, Proschwitz & Horsák, 2018 * '' Vertigo geyeri'' Lindholm, 1925 * '' Vertigo gittenbergeri'' (Hausdorf, 2008) * † '' Vertigo globosa'' Sacco, 1886 * '' Vertigo gouldii'' (Binney, 1843) * ''

Vertigo griqualandica Vertigo is a condition where a person has the sensation of movement or of surrounding objects moving when they are not. Often it feels like a spinning or swaying movement. This may be associated with nausea, vomiting, sweating, or difficulties w ...

'' (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1893) * ''

Vertigo hannai Vertigo is a condition where a person has the sensation of movement or of surrounding objects moving when they are not. Often it feels like a spinning or swaying movement. This may be associated with nausea, vomiting, sweating, or difficulties w ...

'' Pilsbry, 1919 * † '' Vertigo hauchecornei'' Klebs, 1886 * '' Vertigo hebardi'' Vanetta, 1912 * ''

Vertigo hemphilli Vertigo is a condition where a person has the sensation of movement or of surrounding objects moving when they are not. Often it feels like a spinning or swaying movement. This may be associated with nausea, vomiting, sweating, or difficulties w ...

'' (Sterki, 1890) * † '' Vertigo hibbardi'' F. C. Baker, 1938 * '' Vertigo hinkleyi'' Pilsbry, 1921 * '' Vertigo hirasei'' Pilsbry, 1901 * † '' Vertigo hohenstaufenorum'' Schlickum & Geissert, 1980 * '' Vertigo hydrophila'' (Reinhardt, 1877) * '' Vertigo idahoensis'' Pilsbry, 1934 * '' Vertigo inserta'' Pilsbry, 1919 * '' Vertigo japonica'' Pilsbry & Y. Hirase, 1904 * † '' Vertigo kochi'' O. Boettger, 1889 * '' Vertigo kodamai'' Nekola, Chiba, Coles, Drost, Proschwitz & Horsák, 2018 * † '' Vertigo kroloppi'' Schlickum & Strauch, 1979 * † '' Vertigo kuenowii'' Klebs, 1886 * '' Vertigo kurilensis'' Nekola, Chiba, Coles, Drost, Proschwitz & Horsák, 2018 * '' Vertigo kushiroensis'' Pilsbry & Y. Hirase, 1905 ** '' Vertigo kushiroensis botanicorum'' Horsak & Pokryszko, 2010 * † '' Vertigo likharevi'' Prysjazhnjuk, 1978 * ''

Vertigo lilljeborgi ''Vertigo lilljeborgi'' is a species of minute land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Vertiginidae, the whorl snails. MolluscaBase eds. (2023). MolluscaBase. Vertigo lilljeborgi (Westerlund, 1871). A ...

'' (Westerlund, 1871) * † '' Vertigo lozeki'' Schlickum & Puisségur, 1978 * † '' Vertigo luminosa'' Y.-T. Li, 1986 * '' Vertigo malleata'' Coles & Nekola, 2007 * † '' Vertigo manchurica'' K. Suzuki, 194 * '' Vertigo marciae'' Nekola & Rosenberg, 2013 * '' Vertigo marki'' Gulick, 1904 * † '' Vertigo maxillosa'' Schütt, 1994 * '' Vertigo meramecensis'' A. S. Van Devender, 1979 * † '' Vertigo micra'' Pierce in Pierce & Constenius, 2001 * '' Vertigo microsphaera'' Schileyko, 1984 * ''

Vertigo milium ''Vertigo milium'', common name the blade vertigo, is a species of minute air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Vertiginidae, the whorl snails. MolluscaBase eds. (2023). MolluscaBase. Vertigo milium (A. ...

'' (Gould, 1840) – Blade Vertigo * † '' Vertigo milleri'' Gottschick & Wenz, 1919 * † '' Vertigo minor'' O. Boettger, 1870 * ''

Vertigo modesta ''Vertigo modesta'', common name the cross vertigo, is a species of minute air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Vertiginidae, the whorl snails.WMolluscaBase eds. (2023). MolluscaBase. ...

'' (Say, 1824) – cross vertigo * †'' Vertigo moedlingensis'' Wenz & Edlauer, 1942 * † '' Vertigo moenana'' Zinndorf, 1901 * † '' Vertigo moldavica'' Prisyazhnyuk, 1973 * '' Vertigo morsei'' Sterki, 1894 * † '' Vertigo mostrata'' Y.-T. Li, 1986 * ''

Vertigo moulinsiana Desmoulin's whorl snail (''Vertigo moulinsiana'') is a species of minute air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc or micromollusc in the family Vertiginidae, the whorl snails. This species was named in honor of th ...

'' (Dupuy, 1849) –

Desmoulin's whorl snail Desmoulin's whorl snail (''Vertigo moulinsiana'') is a species of minute air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc or micromollusc in the family Vertiginidae, the whorl snails. This species was named in honor of the ea ...

* † '' Vertigo myrmido'' Michaud, 1855 * '' Vertigo nangaparbatensis'' Pokryszko & Hlaváč, 2009 * '' Vertigo nitidula'' (Mousson, 1876) * † '' Vertigo nouleti'' Michaud, 1862 * '' Vertigo numellata'' Gulick, 1904 * ''

Vertigo nylanderi Vertigo is a condition where a person has the sensation of movement or of surrounding objects moving when they are not. Often it feels like a spinning or swaying movement. This may be associated with nausea, vomiting, sweating, or difficulties w ...

'' Sterki, 1909 * † '' Vertigo obesa'' Y.-T. Li, 1986 * '' Vertigo occidentalis'' Sterki, 1907 * † '' Vertigo ocsensis'' (Halaváts, 1903) * '' Vertigo okinoerabuensis'' Pilsbry & Hirase, 1904 * † '' Vertigo olchonica'' Popova & Schileyko, 1981 * '' Vertigo oralis'' Sterki, 1890 – Palmetto Vertigo * '' Vertigo oscariana'' Sterki, 1890 – Capital Vertigo * '' Vertigo oughtoni'' Pilsbry, 1948 * '' Vertigo ovata'' (Say, 1822) – ovate vertigo * † '' Vertigo ovatula'' (Sandberger, 1875) * † '' Vertigo pageti'' Schlickum & Strauch, 1979 * † '' Vertigo palangula'' (De Boissy, 1848) * † '' Vertigo pandei'' Bhatia & Mathur, 1971 * '' Vertigo parcedentata'' (A. Braun, 1847) * '' Vertigo parvula'' Sterki, 1890 * '' Vertigo perryi'' Sterki, 1905 * '' Vertigo pimuensis'' Nekola, Chiba, Coles, Drost, Proschwitz & Horsák, 2018 * '' Vertigo pisewensis'' Nekola, Chiba, Coles, Drost, Proschwitz & Horsák, 2018 * † '' Vertigo pontileviensis'' de Morgan, 1920 * † '' Vertigo praecoquis'' Russell, 1956 * † '' Vertigo praepusilla'' Prysjazhnjuk, 1978 * † '' Vertigo protracta'' (Sandberger, 1875) * † '' Vertigo pseudoantivertigo'' Paladilhe, 1873 * '' Vertigo pseudosubstriata'' Ložek, 1954 Ložek V. (1964). ''Quartärmollusken der Tschechoslowakei''. – Rozpravy Ústředního ústavu geologického, Praha, 31: 374 pp., pp. 204–205. * '' Vertigo pusilla'' O. F. Müller, 1774 – type species * ''

Vertigo pygmaea ''Vertigo pygmaea'', common name the "crested vertigo", is a species of minute air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Vertiginidae, the whorl snails. MolluscaBase eds. (2023). MolluscaBase. Vertigo pygm ...

'' (Draparnaud, 1801) – crested vertigo * '' Vertigo ronnebyensis'' (Westerlund, 1871) * '' Vertigo rowellii'' (Newcomb, 1860) * '' Vertigo rugosula'' Sterki, 1890 – Striate Vertigo * '' Vertigo sandbergeri'' Wenz, 1923 † * '' Vertigo seminulum'' (R. T. Lowe, 1852) * '' Vertigo sterkii'' Pilsbry, 1919 * ''

Vertigo substriata ''Vertigo substriata'' is a species of minute air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Vertiginidae, the whorl snails. MolluscaBase eds. (2023). MolluscaBase. Vertigo substriata (Jeffreys, ...

'' (Jeffreys, 1833) * '' Vertigo superstriata'' Pokryszko & Auffenberg, 2009 * † '' Vertigo tembrockae'' Schlickum & Strauch, 1979 * '' Vertigo teskeyae'' Hubricht, 1961 * † '' Vertigo tewarii'' Bhatia & Mathur, 1971 * '' Vertigo torrei'' Aguayo & Jaume, 1934 * '' Vertigo tridentata'' Wolf, 1870 * '' Vertigo trinotata'' (Sterki, 1890) * † '' Vertigo trolli'' Wenz in K. Fischer & Wenz, 1914 * † '' Vertigo tuchoricensis'' Pilsbry in Pilsbry & C. M. Cooke, 1919 * † '' Vertigo turonica'' de Morgan, 1920 * '' Vertigo ultima'' Pilsbry, 1919 * '' Vertigo ultimathule'' Proschwitz, 2007Proschwitz T. von (2007). "''Vertigo ultimathule'' n. sp., a new whorl-snail from northernmost Sweden (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Vertiginidae)". '' Heldia'' 5(3): 73–74, Taf. 9. München. * † '' Vertigo uncata'' Steklov, 1967 * '' Vertigo utahensis'' Sterki, 1892 * † '' Vertigo vectiensis'' L. R. Cox, 1924 * '' Vertigo ventricosa'' (E. S. Morse, 1865) * † '' Vertigo vracevicensis'' Neubauer & Harzhauser in Neubauer et al., 2017 * † '' Vertigo whitei'' Pierce in Pierce & Rasmussen, 1992 ;Synonyms: * ''Vertigo concinnula'' (Roscoe and Roscoe, 1955) – Mitered vertigo: synonym of ''Vertigo modesta concinnula'' Cockerell, 1897 * ''Vertigo cubana'' Crosse, 1890:"Mollusca"
. Diversidad Biológica Cubana, accessed 23 March 2011. synonym of ''

Lyropupa cubana ''Lyropupa'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Pupillidae. Species Species within the genus ''Lyropupa'' include: * ''Lyropupa anceyana'' * ''Lyropupa clathratula'' * ''Lyropupa haw ...

'' (Dall, 1890) * ''Vertigo elatior'' (Brooks, 1936) – tapered vertigo: synonym of '' Vertigo ventricosa'' (Morse, 1865) * † ''Vertigo flexidens'' (Reuss, 1861): synonym of † ''

Ptychalaea flexidens ''Ptychalaea'' is a fossil genus of very small, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Gastrocoptidae.Harzhauser M., Neubauer T.A., Georgopoulou E., Harl J. 2014The Early Miocene (Burdigalian) mollusc ...

'' (Reuss, 1861) * ''Vertigo hachijoensis'' Pilsbry, 1919: synonym of ''Vertigo kushiroensis hachijoensis'' Pilsbry, 1919 * ''Vertigo heldi'' Clessin, 1877: synonym of ''

'' (Draparnaud, 1801) * ''Vertigo hubrichti'' Pilsbry, 1934: synonym of ''

'' E. von Martens, 1882 * † ''Vertigo interferens'' (Deshayes, 1863) : synonym of † '' Ovicarychium interferens'' (Deshayes, 1863) * † ''Vertigo mystica'' (Stworzewicz & Pokryszko, 2015): synonym of † ''

Ptychalaea mystica ''Ptychalaea'' is a fossil genus of very small, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Gastrocoptidae.Harzhauser M., Neubauer T.A., Georgopoulou E., Harl J. 2014The Early Miocene (Burdigalian) mollusc ...

'' Stworzewicz & B.M. Pokryszko, 2015 * ''Vertigo neglecta'' Arango in Poey, 1856: synonym of '' Vertigo ovata'' Say, 1822 * ''Vertigo occulta'' Vanetta, 1912: synonym of ''

'' E. von Martens, 1882 * †''Vertigo paradoxa'' Sterki in Pilsbry, 1900: synonym of ''

'' E. von Martens, 1882 * ''Vertigo shimochii'' Kuroda & Amano, 1960: synonym of ''

Gastrocopta servilis ''Gastrocopta servilis'' is a species of gastropods belonging to the family Gastrocoptidae Gastrocoptidae is a family of minute, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Pupilloidea.Philippe Bo ...

'' (A. Gould, 1843) * ''Vertigo sieversi'' (O. Boettger, 1879): synonym of '' Vertigo nitidula'' (Mousson, 1876)

References

This article incorporates public domain text from reference. Baker F. C. (25 April) 1902.
The Mollusca of the Chicago Area
Part II. Gastropoda''. Bulletin No. III. of the Natural History Survey, The Chicago Academy of Sciences, 418 pp. 33 plates, pag
240
241.

External links